ABSTRACT
Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a bi- or triphasic disease comprising of the chronic phase (present at diagnosis in approximately 85% of patients) which can easily be controlled with conventional chemotherapy, followed by unstable accelerated phase and terminating in a blastic phase. The treatment of CML has evolved over the years The availability of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors has distinctly changed the disease course for patients with Ph+ and/or BCR-ABL1+ (CML). This study aims to determine the demographics and overall survival patterns of CML patients in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH)l. Methods: The study is a retrospective study of twenty-two (22) CML patients seen and managed at the UCTH from June 2014 to August 2021. Male/female distribution was 9/13, with a median age of 42 years. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were determined using the Kaplan-Meier techniques. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2016 and IBM SPSS version 21. Results: Total of 22 CML patients were seen over the 8-year-period of review. The mean age was 42.63, median age 42, and modal age was 37 years respectively. There were 9 males and 13 females. 20 of the patients were in the chronic phase while 2 were in the terminating blastic phase. The presence of mutation was seen in two patients while the remaining 20 showed no mutation. Of the patients, 6 were dead and 16 are alive at the time of review. The overall survival period ranges from 12 to 84 months. The survival distributions for mutation and state of the disease (chronic or blastic) were not statistically significantly different, X2= 3.204, p = 0.073. Conclusion: There is inconsistency in the demographic and overall survival pattern of chronic myeloid leukaemia in our environment. Further study is needed to identify the factors which can help to improve the overall survival pattern in our environment
ABSTRACT
Background: Perforation peritonitis is a commonly encountered surgical emergency and it is defined as inflammation of theserosal membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and the visceral organs. The aim of this study is to analyze the demographicpattern and site of perforation of non-traumatic hollow viscus perforation peritonitis in Vindhya region.Materials and Methods: A total of 209 cases were studied with hollow viscus perforation peritonitis admitted in the surgicalwards in Sanjay Gandhi Memorial Hospital associated with Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa (MP), India, in the period fromJune 1, 2018, to May 31, 2019. All necessary investigations were carried out. X-ray, Ultrasonography abdomen, and bloodinvestigations were done. The patient underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy and a careful record of pre-operative andpost-operative findings was made and was carefully filled in the pro forma. All the patients were advised to attend the surgicaloutpatient department for follow-up.Results: Of 10,887 patients admitted to Sanjay Gandhi Memorial Hospital associated with Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa(MP), India, from June 1, 2018, to May 31, 2019, in which non-traumatic hollow viscus perforation peritonitis was diagnosedin 209 patients (1.9%), among which most of the patients were male (177) and rest were female (32). Most of the patientsbelonged to the low-socio-economic status of 21–40 years of the age group. From this study, the duodenum was found to bethe most common site of perforation, followed by stomach.Conclusion: Patients were admitted in the Department of Surgery, Shyam Shah Medical College and Sanjay Gandhi HospitalRewa, the Vindhya region in the Madhya Pradesh, patients diagnosed as a case of non-traumatic hollow viscus perforationperitonitis were included in the study. The majority of the patients of the perforation peritonitis belonged to 21–40 years ofage group. 41–60 years of age group was the second most common age group of patients who presented with perforationperitonitis with a male-to-female ratio of 5.5:1. The most common site of perforation was duodenum followed by gastric andappendicular and the least common site of perforation was colon.