ABSTRACT
Background: Propylthiouracil (PROP) (a medicated tool) and hormonal fingerprint (second to fourth digits [2D:4D]) ratio can be used for detection of caries which is most prevalent oral health disease. Aim: This study aims to determine the role of genetic taste sensitivity and hormonal fingerprint (2D:4D ratio) on caries risk susceptibility. Materials and Methods: The present study was an observational and cross-sectional study. It was conducted on 570 children aged 6–12 years. PROP sensitivity test was done by PROP impregnated filter paper strips and subjects were divided accordingly into supertasters, medium-tasters, and nontasters. 2D:4D ratio was obtained by measuring length ratio of index to ring finger using Vernier caliper. Dietary preferences of the subjects were recorded. The evaluation of decayed, missing, and filled teeth/deft indices was done. Statistical Analysis: Intergroup comparisons were performed using One-way ANOVA test, independent t-test and Chi-square test at 5% significance level. Results: Positive correlation between nontasters, low digit ratio, sweet likers, and high caries index was found with a high significant difference. Conclusion: Genetic taste sensitivity and hormonal fingerprint (biological marker) can be used for detection of caries as the present research confirmed impact of hormones on taste perception.
ABSTRACT
@#BACKGROUND. The measurement of oral health is recognized as a critical feature of numerous dental activities: describing normal biologic processes, understanding the natural history of disease, testing hypotheses regarding preventive agents, and planning and evaluation of health services. In modern times, statistical methods are widely being used to describe the probability of caries formation by calculating the progress and progression of dental caries for each individual by means of investigational correlations to detect and control risk factors for dental caries and periodontal diseases. OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to identify the correlation between the incidences of dental caries (DMFT) and its influencing risk factors for Mongolians in order to establish the fundamental criteria for oral health index. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Data were collected from 240 volunteers in six different age groups by using a questionnaire and an intra oral examination combined with laboratory tests. The oral health index is divided into 5 major categorical factors including the residual number of natural tooth, caries state, periodontal state, other oral health state and oral health management habits and systemic condition that determines the relationship between the incidences of dental caries and influencing risk factor for each item. RESULTS. Significantly different results were observed for Mongolian people in terms of prevalence and proportion of oral disease and oral state which led to the establishment of criteria for oral health index by statistical significance factors in all age groups (p <0.05). CONCLUSION. It is possible to create and introduce a scoring system of individual oral health index that could be applied to the evaluation oral health program that is suitable for calculating future illnesses and prognosis of oral diseases.
ABSTRACT
Introducción. La experiencia previa de caries (EPC) es el más accesible de los métodos de predicción de este padecimiento. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar aspectos metodológicos de los estudios de predicción de riesgo para mostrar la ventaja de la utilización de la EPC en la predicción de riesgo de caries. Métodos. En un estudio longitudinal de 3 años, realizado en 1 814 escolares de 6 a 8 años de edad, en el que se evaluó la capacidad predictiva de la EPC en la predicción de riesgo, se analizaron: a) la clasificación dicotómica de la población en alto y bajo riesgo; b) el empleo de los valores de sensibilidad y especificidad para la evaluación de la capacidad predictiva de la EPC, y c) el empleo de criterios cuantitativos en el registro de la EPC y la variable respuesta. Resultados. El uso de criterios cualitativos mostró mejor las diferencias en la severidad de caries entre los grupos de riesgo; la razón de riesgo (RR) de presentar lesiones cariosas graves en dientes permanentes fue 10 veces mayor (RR =10.25, intervalo de confianza de 95% [IC95%]=3.74-28.05) para el grupo de alto riesgo (RIV) con respecto al grupo de bajo riesgo (RI), mientras que utilizando el número de dientes afectados, ésta fue sólo 3 veces mayor (RR=3.20, IC95%=2.49-4.10). Los valores para los grupos de riesgo intermedios (RII y RIII) mostraron que es inadecuado dividir a la población en alto y bajo riesgo, resultando no adecuado el empleo de los valores de sensibilidad y especificidad para la evaluación de la capacidad predictiva de la EPC. Conclusión. Si se emplean métodos adecuados en el diseño de estudios de predicción, la EPC resulta una poderosa herramienta para determinar el riesgo de caries en escolares.
Introduction. Because of the reported values of sensitivity and specificity, it has been concluded that previous caries experience (PCE) is not a suitable method in caries risk prediction. However, PCE is the most accessible of the methods in caries prediction. The aim of this study is to analyze methodological issues used in prediction studies and to show the advantage of PCE for risk prediction. Methods. This is a 3-year-follow-up study in which the ability of PCE was studied as a predictive risk factor in 1 841 schoolchildren. The following parameters: classification of the population in high at low risk groups, use of sensitivity and specificity values, and use of quantitative criteria were analyzed. Results. Important differences in caries severity among risk groups were identified by means of the qualitative criteria; the risk ratio (RR) to present extender carious lesions was 10 times higher (RR =10.25, 95%CI =3.74-28.05) for the high risk group (RIV), respect to low risk group (RI), while it was only 3-fold higher (RR =3.20, 95%CI =2.49-4.10) using the number of affected teeth. The values of RR in the middle risk groups showed that the division of the population in high and low risk is inadequate and therefore neither is the use values of sensitivity and specificity in assessing the predictive ability of the PCE. Conclusion. PCE is a powerful tool to determine the risk of caries in schoolchildren when methodological suitable designs are applied.