La evaluación en el posgrado mediante la educación a distancia durante la COVID-19 / Postgraduate evaluation through distance learning during COVID-19

Fundamento: La implementación de la educación a distancia en el posgrado durante la COVID-19 constituye una alternativa del sistema de educación superior cubana. Objetivo: Describir los resultados de la evaluación en el posgrado, mediante la modalidad de educación a distancia durante el tercer rebrote de la pandemia de COVID-19. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal entre junio y julio de 2021, en la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba. Se consideraron como unidades de análisis: unidades didácticas, estudiantes (residentes), la población estuvo constituida por los 146 residentes que cursaban el 1.er año de la especialidad, se seleccionó una muestra aleatoria (n= 96). Se estudiaron las variables resultados de las evaluaciones de cada unidad didáctica y general del módulo (excelente, bien, regular y mal), grado de dificultad (muy difícil, difícil y sin dificultad) y nivel de satisfacción (satisfecho, medianamente satisfecho e insatisfecho). Como instrumento de medición se empleó el registro de evaluación y de entrevista, respectivamente. Se empleó el porcentaje como medida de resumen. Resultados: Más del 70 % de los residentes evaluados se encontró en la categoría de bien sin dificultad, estando satisfechos con la modalidad de educación a distancia. Conclusiones: Predominaron los resultados de "excelente" solo en la unidad didáctica 1 y de "bien" en la evaluación final del módulo. La unidad didáctica de "mayor dificultad" resultó ser la 2. La mayor cantidad de residentes refirió estar satisfecho con la modalidad de educación a distancia en el posgrado.

Background: The implementation of distance education at the postgraduate level during COVID-19 represents an alternative in the Cuban higher education system. Objective: To describe the results of the evaluation in posgrado, through the educational modality at distance during the third regrowth of the pandemic of COVID-19. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was conducted between June and July 2021 at the Faculty of Stomatology, University of Medical Sciences of Santiago de Cuba. The following units of analysis were considered: teaching units, students (residents), the population consisted of 146 residents in the first year of specialization, a random sample was selected (n= 96). The variables studied were the results of the evaluations of each didactic unit and the general evaluation of the module (excellent, good, fair, and poor), level of difficulty (very difficult, difficult, and no difficulty), and level of satisfaction (satisfied, moderately satisfied, and dissatisfied). The evaluation and interview registers were used as measurement instruments, respectively, and the percentage was used as a summary measure. Results: More than 70% of the residents evaluated were in the good without difficulty category and were satisfied with the distance learning modality. Conclusions: The results "excellent" predominated only in didactic unit 1 and "good" in the final evaluation of the module. The "most difficult" didactic unit was didactic unit 2. Most residents were satisfied with the distance learning modality in the postgraduate program.

Favorable Safety Experience of Local Dental Anesthesia in ICD Recipients with Cardiac Channelopathies

Abstract Background Dental anesthetic management in implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) recipients with cardiac channelopathies (CCh) can be challenging due to the potential risk of life-threatening arrhythmias and appropriate ICD therapies during procedural time. Objectives The present study assessed the hypothesis that the use of local dental anesthesia with 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine or without a vasoconstrictor can be safe in selected ICD and CCh patients, not resulting in life-threatening events (LTE). Methods Restorative dental treatment under local dental anesthesia was made in two sessions, with a wash-out period of 7 days (cross-over trial), conducting with a 28h - Holter monitoring, and 12-lead electrocardiography, digital sphygmomanometry, and anxiety scale assessments in 3 time periods. Statistical analysis carried out the paired Student's t test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. In all cases, a significance level of 5% was adopted. All patients were in stable condition with no recent events before dental care. Results Twenty-four consecutive procedures were performed in 12 patients (9 women, 3 men) with CCh and ICD: 7 (58.3%) had long QT syndrome (LQTS), 4 (33.3%) Brugada syndrome (BrS), and 1 (8.3%) Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). Holter analysis showed no increased heart rate (HR) or sustained arrhythmias. Blood pressure (BP), electrocardiographic changes and anxiety measurement showed no statistically significant differences. No LTE occurred during dental treatment, regardless of the type of anesthesia. Conclusion Lidocaine administration, with or without epinephrine, can be safely used in selected CCh-ICD patients without LTE. These preliminary findings need to be confirmed in a larger population with ICD and CCh.

Las publicaciones científicas. Carrera Estomatología. Sancti Spíritus. 2009-2013 / The scientific publications. Stomatology career. Sancti Spíritus. 2009-2013

La investigación es una de las misiones de la universidad moderna, sin ella casi no existiría y quedaría reducida a un simple establecimiento de enseñanza, ya que es la investigación la que lleva a la creación y en este proceso se encuentra la base del progreso.

The investigation is one of the missions of the modern university, without it, it would hardly exist and it would be reduced to a simple teaching establishment, since it is the investigation the one that takes to the creation and in this process is found the base of the progress.

Comparative study between conventional and digital radiography in cephalometric analysis / Estudo comparativo entre radiografia convencional e digital na análise cefalométrica

Objective - Technological improvement is usually followed by comparisons between conventional and new. Those who work with radiographic assessment, such as cephalometric analysis for orthodontic diagnosis, have been living a new challenging and learning phase since the introduction of digital images. It is possible to obtain reproducible and clear images with digital radiography, but radiography printing is still a necessity for teaching purposes. The aim of this study was to compare cephalometric analysis performed on conventional radiography and on digitized and printed radiography. Methods - Eleven lateral cephalometric radiographies were taken from different patients, digitized by scanner and printed on transparent proper paper. Ricketts cephalometric analysis was performed on conventional radiographies and on digitized-and-printed radiographies. Results - After statistical analysis, it was found that there were no significant differences between printed and conventional radiography. High correlation between the techniques was found for LAFH, EF, PF and PM; while moderate correlation was found for MA. Conclusion - Digital radiography acquired with indirect method, when properly printed, presents satisfactory results for cephalometric analysis.

Objetivo - Com o desenvolvimento tecnológico, são inevitáveis as comparações entre o novo e o convencional. Aqueles que trabalham com estudos radiográficos, incluindo análises cefalométricas para o diagnóstico em ortodontia, têm vivido uma fase de adaptação e aprendizado com a introdução das imagens digitais. Tornou-se, com elas, possível a obtenção de imagens mais nítidas e reprodutíveis, embora sua impressão ainda seja necessária para propósitos de ensino. Este trabalho tem por objetivo comparar radiografias convencionais e digitais impressas com finalidade de se realizar análises cefalométricas. Métodos - Onze teleradiografias laterais foram realizadas em diferentes pacientes. As imagens foram digitalizadas e impressas em papel apropriado transparente. A análise cefalométrica de Ricketts foi realizada nas radiografias convencionais e digitalizadas. Resultados - De acordo com a análise estatística, não houve diferenças entre as radiografias convencionais e digitalizadas. Grande correlação foi encontrada para ângulo da altura facial anterior, eixo facial, profundidade facial e plano mandibular; enquanto correlação moderada foi encontrada para arco mandibular. Conclusão - A radiografia digital adquirida pelo método indireto quando adequadamente impressa, serve satisfatoriamente aos anseios da análise cefalométrica.