ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: Objective: The integration of video technology in case-based presentations are useful approaches in teaching real-world problems that ultimately improves an individual's ability to reflect, analyze, and decide regarding any circumstance leading to change in behavior. Anchored on the Theory of Planned Behavior, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of an online case-based video patient education tool on the adoption of oral health behaviors by patients in the dental setting. Materials and Methods: The study was carried on 74 dental patients who were selected using simple sampling (37 patients each in Groups I and II). The two groups differed in presence (Group I-Control) or absence (Group II-Experimental) of prior exposure to professional oral care before Patient Educational Intervention through video-based case presentation was performed in the control and experimental groups. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 18 software at 0.05 significance level. Results: A total of 37 participants per group in Groups I and II (N=74) responded to the pre-test phase and post-test phase. The pre-test mean scores of Groups I and II were 11.43 and 15.05, respectively. The post-test mean score of Groups I and II were 10.81 and 12.76, respectively. There is no statistical significance seen in the pre-test mean score and the post-test mean score of the patients who experienced professional oral health care (Group I) (p=0.113). However, there is a statistical significance in the mean pre-test score and the mean post-test score among patients who never experienced professional oral health care (Group II) (p=0.032). Conclusion: The study revealed that the video-based case presentations is an effective patient education strategy for dental patients who have never experienced professional oral health care manifested as a decline in the degree of dental neglect.
RESUMEN: Objetivo: La integración de la tecnología de video en presentaciones basadas en casos son enfoques útiles para enseñar problemas del mundo real que, en última instancia, mejoran la capacidad de un individuo para reflexionar, analizar y decidir sobre cualquier circunstancia que conduzca a un cambio de comportamiento. Anclado en la Teoría del Comportamiento Planificado, este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la efectividad de una herramienta de educación del paciente en video basada en casos en línea sobre la adopción de comportamientos de salud bucal por parte de los pacientes en el entorno dental. Materiales y métodos: El estudio se llevó a cabo en 74 pacientes dentales que fueron seleccionados mediante muestreo simple (37 pacientes cada uno en los Grupos I y II). Los dos grupos difirieron en presencia (Grupo I-Control) o ausencia (Grupo II-Experimental) de exposición previa a cuidados bucales profesionales antes de que se realizara la Intervención Educativa del Paciente a través de la presentación de casos en video en los grupos control y experimental. Los datos se recopilaron mediante un cuestionario y se analizaron con el software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences versión 18 a un nivel de significancia de 0.05. Resultados: Un total de 37 participantes por grupo en los Grupos I y II (N=74) respondieron a la fase previa a la prueba y a la fase posterior a la prueba. Las puntuaciones medias previas a la prueba de los Grupos I y II fueron 11,43 y 15,05, respectivamente. La puntuación media posterior a la prueba de los Grupos I y II fue 10,81 y 12,76, respectivamente. No se observa significancia estadística en la puntuación media previa a la prueba ni en la puntuación media posterior a la prueba de los pacientes que recibieron atención profesional de la salud bucal (Grupo I) (p=0,113). Sin embargo, existe una significancia estadística en la puntuación media previa a la prueba y la puntuación media posterior a la prueba entre los pacientes que nunca recibieron atención médica bucal profesional (Grupo II) (p=0,032). Conclusión: El estudio reveló que las presentaciones de casos en video son una estrategia eficaz de educación del paciente para los pacientes dentales que nunca han experimentado la atención de la salud bucal profesional que se manifiesta como una disminución en el grado de negligencia dental.
Subject(s)
Humans , Oral Health , Instructional Film and Video , Oral HygieneABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#Despite the fact that there are parents who do not take children with untreated dental caries to a dental clinic, few studies have been conducted to identify the responsible underlying social and family factors. The aim of this study was to investigate whether socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors are associated with dental neglect in elementary school children.@*METHODS@#This study was conducted in 2016 with 1655 children from the Super Shokuiku School Project in Toyama. Using Breslow's seven health behaviors, the survey assessed: the grade, sex, and lifestyle of the children; parental internet and game use and lifestyle; socioeconomic status. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for having untreated dental caries were calculated using logistic regression analysis.@*RESULTS@#Among the children participating, 152 (3.2%) had untreated dental caries. Among them, 53 (34.9%) had not been taken to a dental clinic despite the school dentist's advice. Dental neglect was significantly associated with children in higher grades (OR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.14-3.78), father's Internet and game use ≥ 2 h/day (OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.02-3.88), not being affluent (OR, 2.78; 95% CI, 1.14-6.81), and non-engagement in afterschool activities (OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.10-3.62).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Socioeconomic status was the strongest factor associated with dental neglect despite the fact that the children's medical expenses are paid in full by the National Health Insurance in Toyama, Japan. Future studies should investigate what factors prevent parents of non-affluent families from taking their children to dental clinics and how they can be socially supported to access adequate medical care.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Age Factors , Dental Caries/psychology , Japan/epidemiology , Life Style , Prevalence , Social ClassABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the level of dental neglect in mothers and their children and to analyze the factors that were associated with it. METHODS: The subjects included in this study were 431 mothers with preschool children. The participants were given a self-report questionnaire for the study. The survey collected data on sociodemographic characteristics and dental neglect. For dental neglect, the Adelaide dental neglect scale was used for measurement. RESULTS: The percentage of mothers with a high level (≥15 points) of dental neglect was 52.7%. In terms of dental neglect in mothers and their children, 37.1% showed feeding of snacks before and after meals, followed by postponement of dental treatment for mothers at 22.8%, and dental treatment postponed due to children 21.7%. The demographic factors affecting the mother's dental neglect were found to be age of the mother, whether the mother was employed or not, and household income. The lower was the age of the mother, the higher was the level of dental neglect. In addition, when mothers had jobs, dental neglect was high, and the lower was the household income, the higher was the level of dental neglect. CONCLUSIONS: The level of dental neglect for mothers and their children was found to be high. Thus, this should be considered in the design of national oral health promotion strategies for children. In addition, the importance of dental neglect should be emphasized.
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Demography , Family Characteristics , Meals , Mothers , Oral Health , SnacksABSTRACT
Introducción: El síndrome de niño maltratado se define como toda forma de violencia, perjuicio o abuso físico o mental, descuido o trato negligente, mientras el niño se encuentra bajo el cuidado de sus padres, de un tutor o de cualquier otra persona en función de su superioridad física y/o intelectual. En más del 50% de los casos las lesiones se presentan en cabeza, cara y cuello. Es por eso que el odontólogo y especialmente el odontopediatra deben estar preparados para reconocer alguna forma de maltrato o negligencia con base en una historia clínica adecuada y una exploración intencionada ante la sospecha de síndrome de niño maltratado. Objetivo: Conocer los indicadores intraorales y extraorales que le permitan al odontopediatra reconocer los signos y contribuir en el diagnóstico como parte de un equipo multidisciplinario encargado de la atención de estos pacientes. Caso clínico: Paciente masculino de dos años cinco meses quien acude al Servicio de Urgencias del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría por presentar edema periorbitario, múltiples fracturas en extremidades e indicadores orofaciales que permitieron diagnosticar síndrome de niño maltratado. Conclusión: Considerando la frecuencia con que las estructuras orofaciales se ven involucradas en el síndrome de niño maltratado, existe un compromiso médico, ético y legal para que todos los dentistas y específicamente los odontopediatras intervengan en la prevención, detección, diagnóstico y tratamiento de este problema médico social.
Introduction: Battered child syndrome is defined as all forms of violence, prejudice or physical and mental abuse, carelessness or neglect inflicted on the child while under the care of his parents, tutors or any other person exerting physical and/or intellectual superiority. In over 50% of all cases lesions are found in the head and neck area. For that reason, dentists, especially pediatric dentists, must be aware to recognize all sorts of battering or neglect based on a suitably-taken clinical history, and focused exploration when suspicion of battered child syndrome is established. Objective: To be knowledgeable with BCS intra- and extra-oral indicators which might allow the pediatric dentist to recognize signs and contribute in the diagnosis as part of a multi-disciplinary team in charge of providing care to this type of patients. Clinical case: A two year, five month old male patient was brought to the National Pediatrics Institute afflicted with peri-orbital edema, multiple limb fractures and oral-facial indicators which suggested battered child syndrome diagnosis. Conclusion: Taking into consideration the frequency with which oral and facial structures are involved in battered child syndrome cases there is a medical, ethical and legal commitment for all dentists and specifically pediatric dentists, to intervene in prevention, detection, diagnosis and treatment of this medical and social problem.