ABSTRACT
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the relationship between the Han, Zhuang and the World populations by comparing the frequency of dental non-metric traits. Methods From 2015 to 2019, ten dental non-metric traits were sampled from He’nan, Jiangsu and Guangxi Zhuang Autonmous Region, with sample size of 1785(674 He’ nan, 547 Jiangsu, 388 Guangxi Han, 176 Guangxi Zhuang). Principal component analysis, multidimensional scaling and neighbor network were carried out. Results East Asian populations could be clearly divided into two major groups, Northeast Asian and Southeast Asian. Han and Zhuang populations were close to the Northeast Asian populations, but were far from the Southeast Asian populations. There were also some north-south differences within Han populations. Conclusion Both Sundadonty and Sinodonty are existed in East Asian populations. Han and Zhuang populations dental non-metric traits are closer to the Sinodonty.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: el rasgo denominado premolar Uto-Azteca (en adelante PUA) o cresta disto-sagital de los premolares superiores es una variante morfológica muy rara que aparece únicamente en los primeros premolares superiores permanentes de los grupos indígenas americanos. El rasgo PUA se describe como la presencia de una cresta pronunciada que va desde el ápice de la cúspide bucal (paracono) y se extiende hacia el borde disto-oclusal llegando muy cerca del sulcus sagital. El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir la presencia de PUA en Sudamérica y su relación con poblaciones indígenas de Colombia. Métodos: se compilaron 495 individuos registrados en la literatura. Se aplicó estadística convencional descriptiva para observar asimetría y variables atípicas. Luego se hizo una comparación usando la medida media de divergencia de Smith. Resultados: la dispersión de este rasgo en Sudamérica pudo deberse a una interacción entre los grupos representados por dos componentes biológicos observados en la matriz calculada. Discusión: la costa del océano pacífico y los valles interandinos que conectan Andes y Amazonia junto con sus ríos principales debieron desempeñar un papel primordial en la rápida dispersión de este rasgo en muestras tan distanciadas como Minas Gerais (Brasil) y Punta Teatinos (Chile). Conclusiones: el rasgo PUA está presente en Colombia a partir del 3.000 AP aproximadamente. Es necesario observar este rasgo en grupos mestizos.
Introduction: the so-called Uto-Aztecan premolar (hereinafter UAP) or distal-sagittal crest of upper premolars is a rare morphologic trait that appears in the first premolars of American Indian groups only. It is described as the presence of a pronounced crest extending from the tip of the buccal cusp (paracone) towards the distal-occlusal edge, almost reaching the sagittal sulcus. The objective of this study was to describe the presence of UAP in South America and its relation with Colombian indigenous populations. Methods: a total of 495 individuals recorded in the literature were collected. Conventional descriptive statistics was used to observe asymmetry and atypical variables. Comparisons were made using Smiths mean measure of divergence. Results: the spreading of this trait in South America might have been due to interactions between the groups represented by two biological components observed in the calculated matrix. Discussion: the Pacific Ocean coast and the valleys that connect the Andean and Amazonian regions coupled with their main rivers should have played a role in the rapid spread of this trait in samples located as far apart as Minas Gerais (Brazil) and Punta Teatinos (Chile). Conclusions: UAP is present in Colombia since about 3000 BP (before present). This trait should be evaluated in mestizo groups.
Subject(s)
Humans , Bicuspid , Indigenous Peoples , Colombia , South AmericaABSTRACT
The present study was carried out with a Calchaquí human Pre-Conquest sample from Northwest of Argentina, with the aim of exploring the dental morphology patterns in this population. This study was carried out by means of a macroscopic analysis in permanent dentitions of 7 skulls. 40 dental non-mtetric traits were recorded using the ASU Dental Anthropology System. Percentages >70 percent was found only in 4 traits. Calchaquí sample studied here is near to these values in shovel shape expression, but the results of this study suggest that a Sinodont pattern is no clear for this sample. To conclude, the present investigation provides additional, insightful elements for a description of biological factors in the process of dental morphologic diversification associated to regional and temporal ranges in this region of Argentina.
Estudiamos una muestra Pre-Conquista de Calchaquíes del Noroeste de Argentina, con el objetivo de explorar patrones de morfología dental presentes en esta población. Se realizó un análisis macroscópico en dentición permanente de 7 cráneos. 40 rasgos no-dentales fueron registrados utilizando el ASU Dental Antropology System. Porcentajes mayores al 70 por ciento fueron encontrados solamente en 4 rasgos. La muestra estudiada está cerca de valores en la expresión de la forma de pala, pero los resultados de este estudio sugieren que un patrón Sinodonte no es claro para esta muestra. Para concluir, la presente investigación brinda adicionalmente, profundos elementos para una descripción de los factores biológicos en el proceso de diversificación morfológica dental asociada a los rangos regionales y temporales en esta región de Argentina.