ABSTRACT
Objective: To observe the differential expression of miRNAs between human dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs) and stem cells from the apical papilla(SCAPs). Methods: DPSCs and SCAPs were isolated by immune-magnetic binding specific STRO-1 antibody separation system. Osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of DPSCs and SCAPs were tested by ALP assay, alizarin red staining(ARS) and Oil Red O staining. Differential miRNA expression of DPSCs and SCAPs was screened by the Next generation sequencing. Target genes and their possible roles of these differential miRNAs were predicted using biological information analysis. Results: The results revealed that 7 miRNAs(hsa-miR-224-5p, hsa-miR-1247-5p, hsa-miR-3065-3p, hsa-miR-452-5p, hsamiR-767-5p, hsa-miR-4284, hsa-miR-146a-5p) were downregulated while no miRNAs was upregulated in SCAPs compared with DPSCs. 27 target genes which mainly involved in the cell migration, differentiation and apoptosis were found. Conclusion: Downregulation of some specific miRNAs might be related to the stemness of SCAPs.
ABSTRACT
Dental stem cells(DSCs)possess the characteristics of stem cells and can be effectively obtained from iatro-waste products (such as impacted wisdom tooth and the extracted teeth for orthodontic reason).It has been proved that DSCs are the important sources of stem cells for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine research.Research of these stem cells will create broader space for tissue engi-neering and regenerative medicine and will have important values in translational research.This review gives an overview of the research pro-gress of dental stem cells,and presents some new findings of several common dental stem cells as well as the application in tissue regenera-tion.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The first aim of this study was to isolate the dental tissue-derived stem cells from the dental follicle (DF), dental pulp (DP), and root apical papilla (RAP) of the extracted wisdom teeth. Second was to evaluate their characterization with the expressions of transcription factors and cell surface markers. Finally, their ability of the in vitro multi-lineage differentiations into osteogenic and adipogenic cells were compared, respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dental tissues, including dental follicle, dental pulp, and root apical papilla, were separated in the extracted wisdom teeth. These three dental tissues were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with supplements, respectively. After passage 3, the homogeneous shaped dental tissue-derived cells were analyzed the expression of transcription factors (Oct-4, Nanog and Sox-2) and cell surface markers (CD44, CD90 and CD105) with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. In order to evaluate in vitro multi-lineage differentiations, the culture media were changed to the osteogenic and adipogenic induction mediums when the dental tissue-derived cells reached to passage 3. The characteristics of these three dental tissue-derived cells were compared with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: During primary culture, heterogenous and colony formatted dental tissue-derived cells were observed in the culture plates. After passage 2 or 3, homogenous spindle-like cells were observed in all culture plates. Transcription factors and mesenchymal stem cell markers were positively observed in all three types of dental tissue-derived cells. However, the quantity of expressed transcription factors was most large in RAP-derived cells. In all three types of dental tissue-derived cells, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiations were observed after treatment of specific induction media. In vitro adipogenic differentiation was similar among these three types of cells. In vitro osteogenic differentiation was most strongly and frequently observed in the RAP-derived cells, whereas rarely osteogenic differentiation was observed in the DP-derived cells. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that three types of human dental tissue-derived cells from extracted wisdom teeth were multipotent mesenchymal stem cells, have the properties of multi-lineage differentiations. Especially, stem cells from root apical papilla (SCAP) have much advantage in osteogenic differentiation, whereas dental follicle cells (DFCs) have a characteristic of easy adipogenic differentiation.