Awareness of malocclusion and attitude towards orthodontic treatment among trainee dental surgery technicians in Nigeria

Objective: Malocclusion affects aesthetics, the physical, psychological and social life of a person. The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness of malocclusion and attitude towards orthodontic treatment among trainee dental surgery technicians in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among 68 final year (sixty-eight) trainee dental surgery technicians in Nigeria. The research instrument was a self-administered close ended questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. P value (P<0.05) was regarded as significant. Results: Sixty-one (89.7%) of the respondents were females, while 7 (10.3%) were males. Fifty-seven (83.8%) have heard of the term malalignment of teeth, 53 (77.9%) of the students think malalignment is due to external habits. 61 (89.7%) are aware that few teeth may have to be removed for proper positioning of irregular teeth and 51 (75.0%) were aware that the irregular teeth can be corrected even after 40 years of age. More females were aware of malocclusion and had positive attitude towards orthodontic procedures when compared to the males, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion. Majority of the respondents in this study were aware of the term malalignment and had positive attitude towards orthodontic treatment. More females constituted the study population.

Satisfacción de los estudiantes con los procesos de elaboración de la tesis de licenciatura

Objetivos: describir la satisfacción con los procesos de la tesis que presentan los estudiantes del pregrado de la Facultad de Odontología. Métodos: estudio transversal donde participaron 68 estudiantes de la Universidad Científica del Sur que se graduaron en el 2021. Se utilizó una escala que recopiló las experiencias sobre el desarrollo de una investigación que involucró: supervisión de la tesis, desarrollo de habilidades, clima intelectual, expectativas, infraestructura y evaluación de la tesis. Las variables fueron comparadas según el sexo, rendimiento académico y experiencia investigativa de los estudiantes. Resultados: la satisfacción general tuvo un puntaje de 65,78 ± 4,29 (Rango: 57-78), considerándose como "moderada". Las mujeres tuvieron un mejor puntaje de satisfacción (p>0,05). El promedio general de la satisfacción fue 2,74 ± 0,81, obteniéndose un promedio de 2,08 ± 0,76 para la dimensión supervisión, 2,05 ± 0,66 para la dimensión clima intelectual, 4,15 ± 0,23 para la dimensión expectativas, 1,92 ± 1,17 para la dimensión infraestructura, 3,73 ± 0,91para la dimensión habilidades y 2,81 ± 0,86 para la dimensión evaluación de la tesis. Conclusiones: los estudiantes del pregrado perciben como "moderado" la satisfacción con los procesos de elaboración de una tesis universitaria, con una puntuación por debajo del promedio de lo esperado. No se encontró una asociación significativa entre el grado de satisfacción con el proceso de realización de la tesis y las características de los estudiantes.

Objectives: to describe the satisfaction with the thesis processes presented by undergraduate students of the School of Dentistry. Methods: cross-sectional study in which 68 students from the Universidad Científica del Sur who graduated in 2021 participated. A scale was used that collected the experiences on the development of a research that involved: thesis supervision, skills development, and intellectual climate, expectations, infrastructure and thesis evaluation. The variables were compared according to gender, academic performance and research experience of the students. Results: cross-sectional study in which 68 students from the Universidad Científica del Sur who graduated in 2021 participated. A scale was used that collected the experiences on the development of a research involving: thesis supervision, skills development, intellectual climate, expectations, infrastructure and evaluation of the thesis. The variables were compared according to gender, academic performance and research experience of the students. Conclusions: undergraduate students perceive satisfaction with the processes of writing an undergraduate thesis as "moderate", with a score below the average of what is expected. No significant association was found between the degree of satisfaction with the thesis completion process and student characteristics.

Waste management practices among dental surgery staff of major hospitals in Accra: a descriptive cross-sectional study

Introduction: the practice of dentistry in contemporary times produces considerable waste that could be harmful to individuals and the environment at large. In Ghana and many other jurisdictions, there are guidelines that outline how these wastes should be managed. This study was conducted to explore practices concerning dental waste management among dental surgery staff in some public facilities in Accra, Ghana. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study involving dental surgery staff of four major facilities in Accra was done. Overall, 124 staff from the selected facilities participated in the study, and 51 different dental surgeries were assessed. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and an observation checklist. The questionnaire included questions on socio-demographics, as well as knowledge and practices regarding dental waste management. Results: there was unsatisfactory knowledge of waste disposal, while practices did not generally meet international recommendations and the Ministry of Health´s (MOH) guidelines. Though all respondents stored their sharp waste in puncture-proof containers, 98.4% did not label their clinical waste, while 62.9% would dispose of used X-ray fixers by pouring them down the drain. None of the 51 surgeries observed had more than one colour code available. Conclusion: there is a palpable need for education, monitoring, and empowerment concerning waste management in Ghana´s oral healthcare system.

Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático: evolução do conhecimento e aceitação entre Cirurgiões-Dentistas da Estratégia Saúde da Família de Ponta Grossa - Paraná, Brasil ao longo de 5 anos / Atraumatic Restorative Treatment: evolution of knowledge and acceptance among Doctor of Dental Surgery of the Family Health Strategy of Ponta Grossa - Paraná, Brazil over 5 years

Objetivo: este estudo avaliou as possíveis modificações no conhecimento teórico/técnico e na aceitação da técnica restauradora atraumática (ART) entre Cirurgiões-Dentistas (CDs) da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) de Ponta Grossa ­ PR, Brasil ao longo de 5 anos. Material e Métodos: foram utilizados dois instrumentos de avaliação: entrevistas em profundidade e questionários semiestruturados, aplicados ao mesmo grupo de 14 CDs que atuam na ESF. Durante este período, houve momentos de capacitação oferecidos pela Secretaria de Saúde do Município e Secretaria de Saúde do Estado. Resultados: Os CDs afirmaram, nas duas etapas da pesquisa, conhecer o ART e julgaram-no útil em Saúde Pública, fazendo uso das restaurações atraumáticas (RA) rotineiramente. Houve modificações nas percepções referentes ao caráter definitivo das RA; na indicação da técnica de acordo com a característica da lesão cariosa e de acordo com a idade do paciente; na utilização do ácido poliacrílico e de agentes de proteção para o cimento de ionômero de vidro (CIV), entre outras. Além disso, os dentistas passaram a reconhecer o CIV como material essencial à técnica e a aceitar a manutenção da dentina cariada. Houve modificação no hábito da leitura científica sobre o ART entre os profissionais avaliados, além do aumento do número de indivíduos que receberam capacitações sobre ART no serviço. Conclusão: concluiu-se que houve modificações positivas no conhecimento teórico/técnico e na aceitação da técnica ART entre os profissionais entrevistados, reconhecendo assim a importância das capacitações oferecidas no serviço

Objective: this study evaluated the possible modifications in the theoretical / technical knowledge and the acceptance of the atraumatic restorative technique (ART) among Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS) of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) of Ponta Grossa ­ PR, Brazil over 5 years. Material and Methods: for this purpose two instruments were used: in-depth interviews and semi-structured questionnaires, applied to the same group of 14 DDS that work at the FHS. During this period of time, there were moments of empowerment offered by the Health Department of the Municipality and State Health Secretariat. Results: the DDS affirmed, in the two stages of the research, to know the ART and they considered it useful in Public Health, making use of atraumatic restorations (AR) routinely. There were modifications in the perceptions regarding the definitive nature of AR; in the indication of the technique according to the characteristic of the carious lesion and according to the age of the patient; in the use of polyacrylic acid and protective agents for glass ionomer cement (GIC), among others. In addition, dentists have come to recognize GIC as essential material for the technique and to accept the maintenance of carious dentin. There was a change in the habit of scientific reading about ART among the evaluated professionals, in addition to the increase in the number of individuals who received ART training in the service. Conclusion: we can conclude that there were positive changes in the theoretical/ technical knowledge and acceptance of the ART technique among the professionals interviewed, thus acknowledging the importance of the training offered in the service

Utilización de la Literatura Universal como medio de Enseñanza en la carrera de Estomatología / The use of Universal Literature as teaching aid in the Dental Major

Introducción: El uso de la Literatura Universal, como medio de enseñanza, resulta novedoso, y ofrece a los estudiantes experiencias de aprendizaje, difícilmente alcanzables por lejanía en el tiempo o en el espacio. Objetivo: Mostrar las posibilidades de utilización de la literatura universal como medio de enseñanza en el proceso docente educativo de las asignaturas Filosofía y sociedad, Periodoncia y Literatura Universal - Estomatología. Métodos: Investigación pedagógica, descriptiva, realizada en la Facultad de Estomatología "Raúl González Sánchez", curso 2016/2017, con la participación 541 estudiantes y ocho docentes. Se revisaron 25 obras, para una muestra de 12, para identificar pasajes que se utilizaron en la docencia. Se aplicó el método analítico - sintético y revisión documental; la técnica del telegrama a los estudiantes para evaluar la significación de la literatura universal en su preparación como profesional. Los datos cuantitativos fueron procesados utilizando la estadística descriptiva y frecuencias relativas. Resultados: Se identificaron 13 obras de la literatura universal, fueron seleccionados los contenidos de las asignaturas que pertenecen a este estudio y sobre su base se construyeron las tareas docentes a resolver por los estudiantes. El 95,7por ciento de los estudiantes consideró valiosa el uso de la literatura universal en su proceso de formación. Conclusiones: La literatura universal es un medio de enseñanza del proceso docente educativo factible de utilizar a partir de la consideración por el docente de las posibilidades que ofrece su sistema de contenidos y en correspondencia con la forma de organización de la docencia en que será utilizada(AU)

Introduction: The use of universal literature as teaching aid is novel and offers students learning experiences hard to achieve by distance in time or space. Objective: To show the possibilities of using universal literature as teaching aid in the educational process of the subjects Philosophy and Society, Periodontics and Universal Literature-Odontology. Methods: Pedagogical, descriptive research carried out in Raúl González Sánchez Dental School in the academic year 2016-2017, with the participation of 541 students and eight teachers. We reviewed 25 works, for a sample of 12, in order to identify passages used in teaching. We used the analytical-synthetic method and document review, as well as the telegram technique on the students to assess the significance of universal literature in their preparation as professionals. The quantitative data were processed using descriptive statistics and relative frequencies. Results: We identified 13 works of universal literature, chose the contents of the subjects belonging to this study on this basis we made up the teaching tasks to be solved by the students. 95.7 percemt of the students considered the use of universal literature valuable for their training process. Conclusions: Universal literature is a teaching aid within the educational teaching process that can be used upon the teacher's considerations of the possibilities offered by its content system and in correspondence with the organizational form of teaching in which it will be used(AU)

Variations In Mental Foramen Position & Number In Population Of Madhya Pradesh State (central India)

Introduction: Mental foramen is a important landmark for giving anesthesia and surgical operation of low jawand teeth (dental surgery).Aim: So this study done with a purpose to knowing exact position of mandibular foramen . Materials andMethods: For this study Fifty mandible bones (toothed / Non-toothed mandibles) belonging to Madhya-Pradeshstate were studied. All mandibles are of adult person (of either sex - male/Female). In study we observe Positionof mental foramen in relation with body of mandible (distance from symphysis menti, from posterior border oframus of mandible, from base of mandible & from alveolar margin ) and in relation with tooth (below molar orbelow premolar).Result: We find out Mean Distance between mental foramen and base of mandible - 10.5 mm , Mean Distance ofmental foramen from alveolar margin -15.25 mm. Mean distance between mental foramen and symphysis mentiwas - 30.00mm. Mean distance of mental foramen from posterior border of ramus -60.00mm . In study we alsoobserve number of mental foramen on each side in a single mandible.

Exercise can promote cognition and memory after molar loss / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To observe the effect of wheel running and treadmill running on the cognitive functioning of rats after the extraction of a molar.Methods Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group (group C,n =8),a molar extraction group (ML group,n =8),a wheel running pretreatment group (W-ML group,n=8) and a treadmill running pretreatment group (T-ML group,n =8).The rats in the T-ML and W-ML groups practiced wheel running and treadmill running for 1 week,then they and the rats in the ML group received molar extraction surgery.One week later,a passive avoidance test was used to evaluate the cognitive functioning of all of the rats.Results No significant differences were found in the groups' average latency I times,but the average latency II time of the ML group was significantly shorter.There was no significant difference in the average latency II times of the T-ML and W-ML groups.Conclusion Either wheel running or treadmill running can promote learning and memory after molar loss by oral surgery,at least in rats.

Aplicación del MTA en un caso de restauración endodóntica avanzada por vía directa. Presentación de caso / Direct placement of MTA in a case of advanced endodontic restoration. Case presentation

IIntroducción Las lesiones endoperiodontales son aquellas de carácter inflamatorio que comprometen simultáneamente la pulpa dental y las estructuras del periodonto de inserción, donde se obtiene un pronóstico favorable solo cuando el diente está en un ambiente cerrado y protegido, y se alcanza la cronicidad del componente periodontal de la afección. Para lo cual el uso de los biomateriales y el esquema operatorio tienen un carácter crucial. Objetivo: Describir un caso de restauración endodóntica avanzada por vía directa, con el uso de MTA. Presentación del caso:Paciente de 45 años, masculino, quien acude a consulta presentando una lesión endoperiodontal combinada con toma del fulcron en (46). El mismo requirió una radiculectomía, reconstrucción de corona y raíz por vía directa, y estabilización a través del uso del Agregado Trióxido Mineral (MTA). Conclusiones:La aplicación del MTA en la restauración endodóntica avanzada combinada con el composite nano híbrido por vía directa es una alternativa factible de realizar en una sola visita, y garantiza una rápida recuperación de las funciones buco-dentales del paciente(AU)

Introduction: Endoperiodontal lesions are those lesions that have an inflammatory character that simultaneously compromise the dental pulp and periodontal structures of insertion, where favorable prognosis is obtained only when the tooth is in a closed and protected environment, and the chronicity of the periodontal component is achieved. Consequently, the use of biomaterials and the operative scheme have a crucial character. Objective: To describe a case of advanced endodontic restoration by direct placement of MTA. Case presentation: 45 years old patient who comes to the consultation presenting a combined endoperiodontal lesion, reaching the fulcron in (46). The patient required a radiculectomy, a direct reconstruction of the crown and the root, and stability through the use of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate(MTA). Conclusions: The direct placement of MTA in an advanced endodontic restoration, combined with the nano-hybrid material is an alternative that is viable to do in a single visit and guarantees a fast recovery of the buccal-dental functions of the patient(AU)

Evaluación de una plataforma educativa en la Universidad de Concepción, Chile / Assessment of an educational platform at the University of Concepción, Chile

Introducción: se creó una plataforma educativa en una asignatura preclínica de la Carrera de Odontología de la Universidad de Concepción para innovar en los métodos de enseñanza aprendizaje y favorecer un traspaso más fluido de destrezas prácticas a los estudiantes. Objetivo: evaluar cómo perciben los estudiantes la aplicación de innovación en tecnologías de información y comunicación. Métodos: se implementó una aplicación Web mediante una plataforma tipo Moodle, la cual proporciona un ambiente de aprendizaje semipresencial con material de fácil lectura, reforzado con archivos de audio, imagen, animación y video. Resultados: los estudiantes interactúan en foros, tutorías y chats, generándose un entorno de aprendizaje colaborativo y obteniendo como resultado, una plataforma que trasciende a un mero repositorio de material escrito o información teórica. Conclusiones: la implementación de la plataforma favorece el aprendizaje significativo del estudiante al verse implicado en él directamente, integrando conocimientos, con capacidad de trabajo autónomo optimizando el tiempo(AU)

Introduction: An educational platform was created in a preclinical subject of the dental surgery major of the University of Concepción, in order to innovate the teaching methods and to promote a more fluid transfer of practical skills to the students. Objective: To assess how students perceive the application of innovation in information and communication technologies. Methods: A Web application was implemented using a Moodle-like platform, which provides a blended learning environment with easy-to-read material, strengthened with audio, image, animated and video files. Results: The students interact in forums, tutorials and chats, generating a collaborative learning environment and obtaining, as a result, a platform that transcends a mere repository of written material or theoretical information. Conclusions: The implementation of the platform favors the student significant learning as he or she is directly involved in the process, integrating knowledge, with autonomous work capacity, and optimizing time(AU)

Association between Facial Type and Mandibular Canal Morphology - Analysis in Digital Panoramic Radiographs

Abstract In this study we investigate the association between facial type and mandibular canal course morphology analysing this in digital panoramic radiographs images. We used 603 digital images from panoramic radiographs. We selected only panoramic radiographs of fully dentate individuals, who had all lower molars bilaterally and with complete root formation. The sample distribution was determined by facial type and sex. The course of the mandibular canal, as seen in the panoramic radiographs, was classified into 3 types, bilaterally. The classification used was: type 1 if the mandibular canal is in contact or is positioned at most 2 mm from the root apex of the three permanent molars; type 2 if the mandibular canal is located halfway between the root apex of the three permanent molars and a half away from the mandibular basis; and type 3 if the mandibular canal is in contact with or approaches, a maximum of 2 mm from the cortical bone of the mandibular basis. For results, the data were analyzed by Chi-square test (p<0.05). Data analysis (Chi-square) showed there were more canals type 2 (p=0.0012) and fewer canals type 1 (p=0.0336) in females than in males, without association with the facial types. In conclusion, the facial type does not associated with the mandibular canal course analyzed.

Resumo Neste estudo investigamos a associação entre o tipo facial e o trajeto do canal mandibular por meio de análises em imagens de radiografia panorâmica digital. Foram utilizadas 603 imagens de radiografias panorâmicas digitais. Foram selecionadas apenas radiografias panorâmicas de indivíduos totalmente dentados, que apresentaram todos os dentes molares inferiores bilateralmente e com completa formação das raízes. A amostra foi determinada pelo tipo facial e pelo sexo. O trajeto do canal mandibular, avaliado nas radiografias panorâmicas, foi classificado em 3 tipos bilateralmente. A classificação usada foi: tipo 1 se o canal mandibular estiver em contato ou posicionado a no máximo 2 mm do ápice radicular dos 3 molares permanentes; tipo 2 se o canal mandibular estiver a meia distância do ápice radicular dos 3 molares permanentes e da base da mandíbula; e tipo 3 se o canal mandibular estiver em contato com ou posicionado a no máximo 2 mm do osso cortical da base da mandíbula. Para os resultados, os dados foram analisados pelo teste qui-quadrado (p<0,05). Os dados analisados (qui-quadrado) mostraram que existem mais canais do tipo 2 (p=0,0012) e menos canais tipo 1 (p=0,0336) em indivíduos femininos do que em masculinos, sem associação com os tipos faciais. Conclui-se que o tipo facial não está associado ao trajeto do canal mandibular.

Análise microbiológica da ocorrência da contaminação bacteriana da mesa cirúrgica comparando o TNT gramatura 20 e gramatura 40 / Microbiological analysis of occurrence of bacterial contamination of surgical table comparing 20 thickness and 40 thicknes

A limpeza e desinfecção das superfícies operatórias fixas e partes expostas do equipo odontológico reduzem, significativamente, a contaminação. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar se há contaminação da mesa cirúrgica, ao se utilizar o TNT esterilizado nas gramaturas 20 g/m² e 40 g/m². Materiais e Métodos: O trabalho constituiu-se de 2 grupos, compostos por 30 amostras (campos cirúrgicos) para cada grupo. Após a desinfecção prévia das mesas cirúrgicas, foram colocados campos de TNT. No grupo 1, foi utilizado TNT gramatura 20, e no grupo 2, gramatura 40. A coleta das amostras dos dois grupos foi realizada logo após a colocação dos campos cirúrgicos (tempo 1) e 1 hora após (tempo 2). Resultados: Em relação à ocorrência de contaminação bacteriana, não houve diferença estatisticamente significativas entre tempo de coletas. Mesmo com os cuidados de desinfecção da mesa e paramentação adequada, esses campos não foram totalmente eficazes. Conclusão: A amostra do TNT gramatura 40, tanto no início da cirurgia quanto 1 hora após, obteve melhores resultados, comparando-se com o TNT gramatura 20 sem diferenças estatísticas... (AU)

The cleaning and disinfecting fixed operative surfaces and exposed parts of the dental unit significantly reduces contamination. This study aimed to assess whether there is contamination of the surgical table to use the TNT sterilized in the weights 20 g/m² and 40 g/m². Materials and Methods: The study consisted of two groups, composed of 30 samples (drapes) for each group. After prior disinfection of surgical tables were placed TNT fields. Group 1 was used TNT weight and 20 in group 2 weight 40. The sample collection from both groups was held soon after the placement of surgical fields (time 1) and 1 hour after (time 2). Results: Regarding the occurrence of bacterial contamination, there was no statistically significant difference between time of collection. Even with the disinfecting care of the table and adequate scrub, these fields have not been fully effective. Conclusion: Thus, the sample weight of the TNT 40, both at the beginning of surgery, as 1 hour, better results compared to the TNT weight 20 without statistical differences... (AU)

Promotor de la enseñanza media en Estomatología: Dr. José Felipe López Campo / Promoter of secondary education in Stomatology: Dr. José Felipe López Campo

El profesor José Felipe López Campos es un ejemplo de formación de las nuevas generaciones. Destacado en la participación en actividades revolucionarias y sociales, la formación de recursos humanos universitarios y nivel medio en Estomatología. Profesor de varias asignaturas de pregrado y posgrado, y responsable nacional de la formación del personal para-estomatológico. Se realizó una investigación histórica para recopilar los datos biográficos más generales del Dr. José Felipe López Campo. Se consultaron como fuentes documentales el expediente de cuadros de la Facultad de Estomatología y la documentación aportada por la familia. La información fue organizada según su desempeño político, su labor docente-administrativa, su actividad científica, así como las condecoraciones que recibió. Gracias a este hombre fue sembrada la semilla del futuro árbol estomatológico en Cuba después del triunfo de la Revolución y se convirtió así en un precursor de la Docencia Médica Media y Profesional de la Estomatología.

Professor López Campo, example training new generations. Featured in revolutionary activities and participation in social, human resource training and university level over Stomatology, Professor of several undergraduate courses and graduate and as a national staff training para-stomatological. Historical research was conducted to gather more general biographical data of Dr. José Felipe Lopez Field. It was as documentary sources record box, Faculty of Stomatology and documentation provided by the family. The information was organized according to their political performance, their teaching-administrative, scientific activity and the decorations he received from others. Thanks, this man who sow the seeds of future stomatological tree in Cuba after the triumph of the Revolution, becoming a forerunner of Medical teaching and Professional Media Stomatology.

Extração de terceiros molares retidos sob anestesia local. Avaliação de ansiedade, dor, alterações hemodinâmicas e respiratórias / Extraction of retained third molar teeth under local anesthesia. Evaluation of anxiety, pain, hemodynamic and respiratory alterations

Trata-se de estudo corte transversal, descritivo com componente analítico, com o objetivo de avaliar a ansiedade dos pacientes no período que precede o procedimento, as alterações hemodinâmicas, respiratórias e dor no intra-operatório em pacientes submetidos à extração de terceiros molares retidos sob anestesia local. Foram incluídos no estudo 42 sujeitos do sexo masculino, hígidos, com idade compreendida entre 18 e 34 anos. A anestesia foi feita com cloridrato de lidocaína a 2% com adrenalina 1:50.000, na dose que variou de 72 a 144mg. Com auxilio de monitor multiparamétrico não-invasivo avaliaram-se os parâmetros: pressão arterial média, freqüência cardíaca, saturação periférica de O2 e frequência respiratória; o grau de ansiedade (escala de ansiedade para cirurgia odontológica) e dor (escala analógica visual). A análise estatística foi realizada por meio dos testes t de Student e Wilcoxon pareado. O nível de significância foi fixado em 5%. O tempo médio máximo de cirurgia foi 60 minutos, período considerado para análise dos resultados. Neste estudo, vinte pacientes apresentavam algum grau de ansiedade. Dor intensa foi referida por sete pacientes nos momentos da osteotomia, odontosecção e luxação que necessitaram de complementação com anestésico local. A análise individual dos parâmetros hemodinâmicos e respiratórios mostrou alterações consideradas clinicamente significativas. Os resultados deste estudo permitem concluir que alterações hemodinâmicas e respiratórias podem ocorrer durante extrações de terceiros molares retidos, especialmente em pacientes ansiosos e com dor. A monitorização é importante na detecção e conseqüentemente prevenção dessas intercorrências, sendo particularmente útil em pacientes em que essas repercussões devam ser evitadas.

A transversal, descriptive study with an analytical component was conducted, aimed at evaluating anxiety during the period preceding the procedure, as well as hemodynamic and respiratory alterations and pain during the intraoperative period in patients undergoing the extraction of retained third molars under local anesthesia. Forty-two healthy male subjects, ranging in age from 18 to 34 years were included in the study. Anesthesia was performed with lidocaine hydrochloride 2% with epinephrine 1:50.000, at a dose ranging from 72 to 144mg. A non-invasive multiparametric monitor was used to monitor the following parameters: mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, peripheral O2 saturation, respiratory rate; level of anxiety (anxiety scale for dental surgery) and pain (visual analog scale). Statistical analysis was performed with a paired Student’s t and Wilcoxon’s test. The significance level was set at 5%. In this study, twenty patients had some level of anxiety. Severe pain was reported in seven patients who required supplementation with local anesthesia during osteotomy, tooth sectioning and luxation. Individual analysis of hemodynamic and respiratory parameters showed alterations that were considered significant. The results of this study enabled us to conclude that hemodynamic and respiratory alterations may occur during the extraction of retained third molars. Monitoring is important for the detection and thus prevention of these complications. Furthermore, it is particularly useful in patients in whom these repercussions must be avoided.

Quality Control for Hospital Infection in Dental Surgery:A Study of Application of ISO Standar / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To avoid the hospital(infection) in the dental surgery operating room.METHODS The(international) ISO quality standard was applied to establish the quality control the hospital infection.RESULTS The quality control for the hospital infection was guaranteed in the dental surgery operating room,and the items (observed) were in the allowance of the legislations for the hospital infection.Zero case of hospital infection(happened.) CONCLUSIONS It is useful for the hospital infection administration in the dental surgery operating room to apply the international ISO quality standard.

A Clinical Survey on Anesthetic Management in Patients in Patients with Oral Surgery / 대한마취과학회지

A clinical analysis of 1753 patients with dental surgery under the general anesthesia from January 1981 to December 1985 was made according to age, sex, disease, and status of intubation. The results were as follows: 1) Of 1753 patients with oral surgery, 1067 male and 686 female patients were operated on under general anesthesia and the male to female ratio was 1.6:l. 2) Of 1753 patients, there were 501 patients with oral surgery from 20 to 30 years of age and this was the most common age. 3) Benign tumors including cysts were the most common lesions operated on under general anesthesia. 4) Of 1753 patients, 1529 patients had nasotracheal intubations, but the patients with orotracheal intubations were 206, and the patients with endotracheal insertion through tracheostomy were only 18 (l%).