ABSTRACT
Introducción: las lesiones traumáticas provocan alteraciones biológicas, psicológicas y sociales en los niños y adolescentes que la padecen. Objetivo: caracterizar a los escolares con lesiones traumáticas en dientes permanentes, jóvenes de la Clínica Estomatológica Héroes de Bolivia, de Las Tunas, en el período septiembre de 2017 a septiembre de 2019. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en escolares de la clínica estomatológica "Héroes de Bolivia". La población estudio estuvo constituido por 169 escolares que por muestreo probabilístico se estableció, incluyendo a los escolares de 5 a 11 años, con lesiones traumáticas en dientes permanentes anteriores. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, presencia del trauma y tipo según la clasificación de Ingeborg Jacobsen, dientes lesionados, etiología y lugar donde ocurrió la lesión. Se utilizó un formulario. Resultados: el grupo de 9 años con un 21,3 % y el sexo masculino con 113 afectados resultaron los más representativos. El 56,2 % presentó fractura no complicada de corona. El 70,4 % correspondió a incisivos centrales superiores. Las caídas y las prácticas de deporte con 37,2 % y 29,0 % respectivamente fueron las principales causas y el 41,4 % de los traumatismos dentarios ocurrieron en las instituciones escolares. Conclusiones: las lesiones traumáticas de dientes permanentes jóvenes fueron más frecuentes a la edad de 9 años y en el sexo masculino. Las lesiones más frecuentes fue la fractura no complicada de corona y los incisivos centrales superiores los más afectados.
Introduction: traumatic injuries cause biological, psychological and social alterations in children and adolescent who suffer them. Objective: to characterize schoolchildren with traumatic lesions in their young permanent teeth, from Heroes de Bolivia Dental Clinic, Las Tunas, in the period from September 2017 to September 2019. Materials and methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in schoolchildren treated at Heroes de Bolivia Dental Clinic. The study population, selected by probabilistic sampling, consisted of 169 schoolchildren aged 5 to 11 years, with traumatic injuries in anterior permanent teeth. The variables studied were: age, gender, presence of trauma and kind according to Ingeborg Jacobsen classification, injured teeth, etiology and place where the lesion occurred. Results: the 9-years-old group, with 21.3 %, and male gender, with 113 children affected, resulted the most representative. 56.2 % presented uncomplicated crown fracture. 70.4 % corresponded to upper central incisors. Falls and sport practices, with 37.2 % and 29.0 % respectively, were the main causes, and 41.4 % of the dental injuries occurred in schools. Conclusions: traumatic injuries of young permanent teeth were more frequent at the age of 9, and in males. The most frequent injury was non-complicated crown fracture, and upper central incisors were the most affected.
ABSTRACT
La fractura coronaria es el traumatismo dentoalveolar (TDA) más frecuente en la dentición permanente. Cuando existe exposición pulpar, se conoce como fractura coronaria complicada (FCC). Actualmente, en estos casos, se recomienda realizar terapias que permitan preservar la vitalidad del tejido pulpar, tanto en dientes maduros como inmaduros. El presente reporte describe el caso de un paciente de 9 años con FCC en diente 2.1, donde se realizó tratamiento con terapia pulpar vital (pulpotomía de Cvek), y adhesión de fragmento dentario. En los controles posteriores al TDA (1 semana, 4 meses, 1 y 2 años) el diente estaba asintomático, se observó formación de puente dentinario y continuación de desarrollo radicular con cierre apical, indicios de que el tejido pulpar se mantuvo vital. En este caso se destaca la importancia del diagnóstico, tratamiento adecuado, junto al seguimiento de un diente con desarrollo radicular incompleto.
Crown fracture is the most frequent dental traumatic injury (DTI) in permanent dentition. When there is pulp exposure, it is known as a complicated crown fracture. Currently, in these cases, it is recommended to carry out therapies that allow preserving the vitality of the pulp tissue, both in mature and immature teeth. This report describes the case of a 9-year-old patient with a complicated crown fracture in tooth 2.1, who underwent treatment with vital pulp therapy (Cvek pulpotomy), and adhesion of the dental fragment. In follow-up sessions (after 1 week, 4 months, 1 and 2 years), the tooth was asymptomatic. It was observed dentin bridge formation and the continuation of root development with apical closure, indications that the pulp tissue has remained vital. In this case, the importance of proper diagnosis and treatment is highlighted, together with the follow-up of a tooth with incomplete root development.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim of this article is to shed the light on the recommendations for orthodontic movement of traumatized teeth since traumatic dental injuries forms a challenge to the orthodontists worldwide. We tried to create a kind of treatment protocol in different kinds of traumas depending on available case reports and text books in this field. Materials and Methods: Searching included dental text books and electronic searching (pubmed, medline, embase and central databases). Inclusion criteria were: Dental, oral and maxillofacial trauma oriented articles and text books. Results: 56 articles and text books met the searching criteria. Limitation: This article is basically depending on case reports. It is obvious that there is no clinical randomized studies in third field, because it depends on accidents and trauma, thus the reader will not find a discussion or a part in this article to compare between the different findings and opinions. Conclusion: Generally, minor traumatic injuries require at least three months observation period before starting orthodontic movement. When the trauma is of greater severity at least six months observation period is needed as a minimum. Teeth with horizontal root fracture should be observed for one to two years before starting orthodontic movement. More research should be done in this field. Clinical Significance: Dental traumatic injuries have a high prevalence worldwide, and it affects children, adolescents and adults. Since orthodontic tooth movement is principally a periodontal ligament phenomenon, the orthodontist should be able to deal with the periodontal ligament injuries that might happen before or during the course of orthodontic treatment.