Does Postpartum Hypopituitarism Influence the Craniofacial Pattern? A Case-Control Study with Sheehan's Syndrome Patients

This study aimed to assess the craniofacial morphologic aspects of Sheehan's syndrome (SHS) patients.An observational study was performed with 19 women diagnosed with SHS and 19 controls matched by age and sex. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were obtained, and 30 linear and angular measurements were analyzed using the Radiocef Studio 2 software. The mean age of patients was 65.47 ± 10.19 years. The main findings were propositioned maxilla (52.63 %) and mandible (52.63 %) relative to the cranial base, mandibular prognathism in 73.68 %, deep growth pattern in 42.1 %, increased mandibular plane in 36.84 %, and reduction in anterior facial height. The SHS group showed statistically significant differences in SNB (p=0.026), N-Me (p=0.006), soft palate length (p=0.011), and Ena-Me (p<0.001) in comparison with controls. The standard deviation score analysis revealed altered values in relation to total maxillary and mandibular lengths. SHS showed altered craniofacial morphology, characterized by maxillo- mandibular prognathism, brachyfacial type, increased mandibular plane, and reduction in soft palate length. This study reports novel findings in SHS.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los aspectos morfológicos craneofaciales de los pacientes con síndrome de Sheehan (SHS). Se realizó un estudio observacional con 19 mujeres diagnosticadas con SHS y 19 controles asociados por edad y sexo. Se obtuvieron radiografías cefalométricas laterales y se analizaron 30 medidas lineales y angulares mediante el software Radiocef Studio 2. La edad media de los pacientes fue de 65,47 ± 10,19 años. Los principales hallazgos fueron proposición maxilar (52,63 %) y mandíbula (52,63 %) con respecto a la base del cráneo, prognatismo mandibular en 73,68 %, patrón de crecimiento profundo en 42,1 %, aumento del plano mandibular en 36,84 % y reducción de la altura facial anterior. El grupo SHS mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas en SNB (p=0,026), N-Me (p=0,006), longitud del paladar blando (p=0,011) y Ena-Me (p<0,001) en comparación con los controles. El análisis de la puntuación de la desviación estándar reveló valores alterados en relación con las longitudes maxilares y mandibulares totales. El SHS mostró una morfología craneofacial alterada, caracterizada por prognatismo maxilomandibular, tipo braquifacial, aumento del plano mandibular y reducción de la longitud del velo del paladar. Este estudio informa hallazgos novedosos en SHS.

Condylar hyperplasia: An updated review of the literature / 대한치과교정학회지

Condylar hyperplasia (CH) is a rare disorder characterized by excessive bone growth that almost always presents unilaterally, resulting in facial asymmetry. Classification of the different types of CH can differ depending on the authors. Correct diagnosis is critical in determining the proper treatments and timing. This paper is a review of the recent literature on the epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, classification, and surgical treatments of CH.

Anomalías dentofaciales y hábitos deformantes en alumnos de una escuela primaria / Dentofacial anomalies and deforming habits in children of a primary school

Introducción: los hábitos deformantes confieren susceptibilidad para las anomalías dentofaciales. Objetivo: describir el comportamiento de estas anomalías y la asociación con estos hábitos en estudiantes de 6 a 12 años, en la escuela "Gonzalo de Quesada" del municipio Plaza de la Revolución. Material y métodos: se estudiaron 120 niños de esa escuela para esta investigación descriptiva epidemiológica, donde se utilizaron valores absolutos, porcentajes y el ODDS ratio para cuantificar el grado de asociación, en el procesamiento de la información obtenida. Resultados: el 60,8 % de los niños está afectado, prevaleciendo el sexo femenino con 52,5% y dentro de los signos clínicos fundamentales se halló el resalte aumentado en 24,8%, el apiñamiento en 20,4% y el sobrepase en 17.1%. El 78,3% presentó hábitos deformantes, siendo la succión digital el más significativo, seguido por la lengua protráctil y la onicofagia; los dos primeros fueron los que presentaron mayor asociación con las anomalías estudiadas. Conclusiones: más de la mitad de la población estudiada presentó algún tipo de alteración en la oclusión, prevaleciendo el grupo de 9 a 12 años y el sexo femenino.

Introduction: the deformant habits confer susceptibility for the dentofacial anomalies. Objective: To make a description of these anomalies and the association with these habits in students from 6 to 12 years, in the school "Gonzalo of Quesada" of the municipality Plaza de la Revolución, Material and methods: a descriptive study, The Universe consisted of 120 children, where absolute values were used, percentages and the ODDS ratio to quantify the association degree. Results: Being obtained 60,8% of affected children as a result, prevailing the feminine sex 52,5% and inside the fundamental clinical signs it was the one it stands out increased 24,8%, the packing 20,4% and the one surpasses 17,1%. The 78,3% presented deformant habits, being the digital suction the most significant, continued by the protráctil tongue and the onicofagia. Conclusions: more than half of the studied population presented some alteration type in the occlusion, prevailing the group from 9 to 12 years and the feminine sex.

Late development of a mandibular second premolar / 대한치과교정학회지

In this report, we present the case of a girl with delayed odontogenesis of a lower second premolar for which she was followed up for 8.5 years. Congenital absence of permanent mandibular second premolars was observed at the initial radiographic examination at 8 years and 1 month. One year later, during the treatment period, an unexpected odontogenesis of a right second premolar was diagnosed on follow-up radiography. The original treatment plan was revised and a new plan was successfully implemented. Th is unusual case showed that the orthodontist's clinical philosophy must be flexible because unexpected situations can arise, especially when treating growing patients.

Evaluation of hyoid bone movements in subjects with open bite: a study with real-time balanced turbo field echo cine-magnetic resonance imaging / 대한치과교정학회지

OBJECTIVE: To assess the position and movements of the hyoid bone during deglutition in patients with open bite. METHODS: Thirty-six subjects were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of anterior open bite. The open bite group (OBG) and control group each comprised 18 patients with a mean overbite of -4.9 +/- 1.9 mm and 1.9 +/- 0.7 mm. The position of the hyoid bone during the 4 stages of deglutition was evaluated by measuring vertical and horizontal movement of the bone. RESULTS: Interactions of group and stage showed no significant effect on the measurements (p > 0.05). However, when group and stage were evaluated individually, they showed significant effects on the measurements (p < 0.001). In OBG, the hyoid bone was more inferiorly and posteriorly positioned, and this position continued during the deglutition stages. CONCLUSIONS: The hyoid bone reaches the maximum anterior position at the oral stage and maximum superior position at the pharyngeal stage during deglutition. Open bite does not change the displacement pattern of the bone during deglutition. The hyoid bone is positioned more inferiorly and posteriorly in patients with open bite because of released tension on the suprahyoid muscles.