Management of neck contractures by single-stage dermal substitutes and skin grafting in extensive burn patients

PURPOSE: Severe neck contracture is a problem that must be resolved by priority. We consider the best contracture treatment to be the full-thickness skin graft. However, clinicians often encounter patients, especially extensive burn patients, who have insufficient donor sites for the full-thickness skin graft. We treated extensive burn patients with neck scar contractures with a split-thickness skin graft (STSG) combined with dermal substitutes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes of neck contracture treatment in extensive burn patients performing STSG with dermal substitutes as adjuvant treatment. METHODS: We analyzed the retrospective clinical and photographic records of 28 patients with severe neck contracture who were admitted to Hallym University Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea, from January 2012 to December 2012. We performed STSG in combination with dermal substitutes to minimize the degree of contracture. RESULTS: The overall take rate of skin to dermal substitutes was 95.9%, and no grafts failed to affect recontracture except in one patient with a partial loss of artificial dermis who underwent a follow-up skin graft without any problems. Excellent/good outcomes were shown in 27 out of 28 patients. CONCLUSION: In extensive burn patients, skin grafting in combination with dermal substitutes can be an alternative to STSG alone for contracture release.

Sustitutos dérmicos definidos / Dermal substitutes defined

Son muchas las patologías que producen defectos de piel. El método de elección para la cobertura cutánea de estos defectos es el injerto de piel parcial, sin embargo, en algunos casos sus resultados no son adecuados. Los sustitutos dérmicos son una alternativa de cobertura cutánea, que existen en la actualidad y que permiten obtener mejores resultados funcionales y estéticos. Existen muchos sustitutos dérmicos en el mercado, cada uno con distintas características, beneficios y complicaciones. Esta revisión logra agrupar los aspectos más relevantes de los sustitutos dérmicos para poder tener una base teórica sobre estos productos que son de gran ayuda para poder tratar a pacientes con distintas patologías.

Many are the pathologies that cause skin defects. The gold standard for skin coverage of these defects is the partial skin graft, but in some cases the results are not appropiate. Dermal substitutes are an alternative for skin coverage that exists today and allow get better functional and aesthetic results. There are many dermal substitutes in the pharmaceutical industry, each one with different characteristics, benefits and complications. This review brings together the most important aspects of dermal substitutes to have a theoretical background on these products that are helpful to treat patients with different pathologies.