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Introduction@#There is increasing interest in innovation development and management in the Philippines, especially in the last decade. In the advocacy for universal hearing health, the HeLe, “Hearing for Life’’ Research Program was implemented. HeLe developed novel telehealth technologies and field tested a proof-of-concept service delivery model to improve provision of newborn hearing screening and intervention services in the Philippines. @*Objective@#As the HeLe research period concludes, this appraisal was organized to document and assess the health information technology systems of the HeLe. @*Methods@#The evaluation follows the elements of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines for evaluation of public health surveillance systems. It centers on the status of the eHealth-based components of the HeLe NHS interventions: HeLe NHS module in the Community Health Information Tracking System (CHITS) electronic medical records system, the Tele-Audiology module in National Telehealth System (NTS), and the HeLe NHS registry. The evaluation is based on interviews of key HeLe research staff and documentation review. @*Results@#The HeLe system has a stable, SQL-Server-based architecture. It is a secure, web-based system with clean separation of back-end database and front-end Web, using Secure Socket Layer (SSL) technology. Standardization of data via mapping ensures reliable, comparable measures. HeLe demonstrates that NHS data collected by the HeLe NHS device can be sent to, stored in, and extracted from the CHITS electronic medical record system and exchanged across platforms. Where actual patient and NHS data were available, this HeLe system is validated to be efficacious to capture and seamlessly exchange data across various eHealth platforms. These eHealth technologies are described to be at Technology Readiness Level 5, “technologies are validated in a relevant environment”. The HeLe program, however, needs to address completeness in documentation as a standard practice, if only to ensure better management of risks introduced by novel eHealth systems in patient care. The CDC public health surveillance checklist used for this assessment is useful in identifying gaps in research management for the HeLe inventors. It is recommended to be incorporated to be standard and implemented early in the next iteration of the HeLe research. @*Conclusions@#Overall, the HeLe technologies, in this initial stage of research, have achieved the purpose for which they were developed. As a novel technologybased NHS system, HeLe is a potentially powerful tool to assist in monitoring newborn hearing disease caseloads by community-based primary care clinics, NHS facilities, and hospitals that provide definitive medical services. As other health systems strengthening reforms take root in the Philippines, secure exchange of data electronically across the country would depend on sound technologies, including those used in hearing health. This paper can be instructive to the emerging research community in the eHealth and biomedical development space especially in resource-challenged settings. Likewise, lessons can reinforce institutional support from research agencies, clinicians, and state/county or subnational health departments for policy and resource mobilization to better manage those identified with congenital hearing loss.
Subject(s)
Telemedicine , Electronic Health RecordsABSTRACT
Introduction@#The Hearing for Life (HeLe) is a novel newborn hearing screening device initially designed according to specifications of clinicians of the Philippine National Ear Institute (PNEI). Unfortunately, targeted end-users, rural health workers, had difficulty using it. This research applied the user-centered design (UCD) methodology involving rural health workers in recommending design, content, and function requirements for HeLe. @*Objectives@#This study aims to 1) describe how UCD was applied in a time-limited and resource-constrained environment, 2) assess the usability of the design prototypes, and 3) recommend design, content, and function requirements for HeLe. @*Methods@#This research is a descriptive study using mixed methods. Six rural health units (RHU) involved in the HeLe research program were purposively selected for the study. There were 30 participants included, five health care workers per RHU. Applying the UCD method, the study had three phases: 1) user profiling (where participants accomplished a survey questionnaire, 2) inspiration phase (focus group discussions, workflow analysis, and interviews with a technical expert were conducted), and 3) ideation phase (designing and assessment of prototypes were done). @*Results@#Participatory methods and structured procedures (i.e., card sorting, MoSCoW matrix prototyping, etc.) were applied to help determine and prioritize user requirements and elicit user feedback. These methods were chosen considering the time and resource constraints in the RHU. The prototype's System Usability Scale (SUS) score (81.94) was higher than the SUS score previously obtained (68) from the older version of the interface. Accuracy, durability, in-app instructions, feedback, and an easily understood interface were the most requested requirements for the telemedicine device. The need for the technology to be aligned with the RHU's workflow and available resources was highlighted in the focus group discussions. @*Conclusions@#The study documents practices and lessons learned in applying UCD methodology in design and development that have been demonstrated to improve usability of the device. The involvement of the users surfaced in the design, content, and functional requirements which can guide future iterations of HeLe and contribute to better understanding of ways to develop user-friendly telemedicine devices in the Philippines. This paper emphasizes that users should be involved in the entire process and not just recipients of the technology.
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User-Centered Design , Digital Technology , TelemedicineABSTRACT
Design and development process of molecular diagnostic reagents is critical to quality management system of in vitro diagnostic reagent. Based on the technical characteristics of molecular diagnostic reagents, the study analyzed the concerned key control points and common problems in the process of design and development from the view of registration quality management system. It aimed at offering technical guidance on design and development process of molecular reagents and registration quality management system to enterprises, thus improving the product development efficiency, optimizing the quality management system, and increasing the efficiency and quality of registration and declaration.
Subject(s)
Indicators and Reagents , Pathology, MolecularABSTRACT
@#Ergonomics and design have made the greatest relation in producing an artifact or creating a workplace. A computer table is widely used in classrooms in universities. However, the problems of the current computer table have been detected through the results of RULA analysis. In this project, a survey of the questionnaire was done and the anthropometric data have also been collected. The dimensions of the current computer table are then collected and the deficiencies of the current computer table have been focused on RULA analysis. A new structural design of the computer table has been designed, in order to meet the requirements of ergonomics. A product of the new design of ergonomics computer table is made and has been focused on RULA analysis to define the improvement between both tables. The paper showed a comparison between the current computer table and the new ergonomics computer table were analyzed. The improvement of the new ergonomics computer table was identified and reduced the injuries and disorders. A further investigation on better working posture when using a computer table is required, while further improvement for the product design of a new ergonomics computer table is needed, as well as the application of the ergonomics design aspect in our life.
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This paper analyzes the causes and risks of common design and development changes of laser treatment equipment, studies the changes of key components and their corresponding control measures, forms the identification method of design changes of laser treatment equipment, and gives suggestions on how to deal with design and development changes, so as to provide references for inspectors during on-site inspection.
Subject(s)
Humans , Laser Therapy , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
En la primera parte de este trabajo se presenta la construcción y el desarrollo de la Prueba Argentina Psicolingüística de Denominación de Imágenes (PAPDI). La misma tiene dos características que la diferencian de las pruebas actualmente disponibles en nuestro medio: (a) Los estímulos fueron seleccionados controlando las variables que afectan las etapas de análisis visual y reconocimiento de la imagen (Complejidad visual y Concordancia con la imagen) y el conocimiento conceptual (Variabilidad de la Imagen y Familiaridad) del dibujo del objeto también se manipularon las variables (Frecuencia léxica y Edad de adquisición) que afectan la etapa que busca evaluar la prueba: activación, selección y recuperación de la etiqueta léxica. Los índices que operacionalizan a las variables son dependientes de la cultura y de la lengua de dónde se obtengan, por ello se tomaron sus valores de normas argentinas. (b) Las claves semánticas han sido elaboradas cuidadosamente, siguiendo las normas de producción de atributos semánticos también recolectadas en nuestro país, ya que el uso de las mismas permite generar hipótesis más precisas acerca de la localización del déficit. Por lo tanto, se presenta el proceso de construcción y desarrollo de la prueba mostrando cómo se tuvieron en cuenta estas particularidades, cuáles variables han sido controladas y cuáles manipuladas, y su justificación. Por último, los resultados de la prueba piloto permitieron seleccionar 30 ítems y la constitución de la versión final de la prueba, que es lo suficientemente breve para su uso en la clínica y de libre acceso.
In the current paper, first part, we present the design and development of the Argentinean Psycholinguistic Image Naming Test (PAPDI). This test has two characteristics that make it different from those currently available in our country: (a) the stimuli have been selected by controlling the variables that affect the stages of visual analysis and image recognition (Visual Complexity and Image Agreement) and conceptual knowledge (Image Variability and Familiarity) of the drawing of the object; and the variables (Frequency of Use and Age of Acquisition) that affect the stage that seeks to evaluate the test were manipulated: activation, selection and retrieval of the lexical label (phonological form of the name), to generate a gradient of difficulty in the items of the test. However, the variable Naming Agreement, that also affects this stage, was controlled to selected pictures with only one predominating name. The quantification of these factors by means of specific variables is influenced by the cultural and linguistic context from which they were obtained, consequently we took their values from Argentinean normative data base and (b) semantic cues were elaborated according to semantic feature production norms also from Argentina. The phonological cues corresponded to the first syllable of the object's name. Their use allows to generate more precise hypotheses about the location of the deficit and allows to infer relevant information about the cognitive profile. Therefore, the process of construction and development of the test is presented, showing how these particularities were taken into consideration, which variables were controlled and which were manipulated, and their justification. For the design of the test 62, black and white pictures were originally selected from the 400 pictures taken from Cycowicz's set (of frequent use in Experimental Psychology and Neuropsychology). They correspond to concrete concepts from different semantic categories belonging to both living andnon living domains. The criteria used to include those images were that they were moderately complex (in quantity of lines and details), moderately familiar and that they had a mean image variability value. They had to have a medium to high concordance degree between the mental image and its corresponding representation. Besides, these images had to have a naming agreement superior to 80%. To conform the first version of the test, the 62 images selected were ordered according to the variable Age of Acquisition and each image was assigned its corresponding semantic and phonological cues. The former were extracted from the Argentinean norms considering the most relevant features. The second consisted on the word´s first syllable. A pilot study with healthy population (n = 50), of different ages, both sexes and three educational levels, was carried out through which 30 images were selected that constituted the test´s final version. The deleted items were: figures that did not evokea univocal response, that is, they were easily confused with other objects; figures that had more than one acceptable answer although not all were correct; and items that presented a ceiling effect where the scores accumulated in high scores and did not allow to discriminate the participants' ability to select, retrieve and produce a word (only 25 and 30% of the items were retained). In the test´s final version, the items were reordered according to the Age of Acquisition and Frequency values and their difficulty in naming (following the percentage of successes in the spontaneous response). And images that were contain in another naming tests were deleted. The test is short enough for use in the clinic and freely accessible. The second part of the paper presents the psychometric studies that provide evidence of their relevance and validity.
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Objective:To innovate a bed shower bathing equipment for the bedridden patients and explore the new nursing mode for the bed bath.Methods: To make a bath bed with several separation troughs using the high quality PVC materials. An automatic spraying facility with DC low voltage electric power storage was built in a mobile water tank formed the show function. The water in the bath bed was drained to another mobile sewage collecting tank through a hole in the bath bed edge. A complete bath equipment was composed of all of these items.Results: Comparing with traditional methods of bedridden patients bed bathing, like washing hair, sponge bathing and perineum scrubbing, the new method could make the bed bathing easier and save more time for the care givers, make the bedridden patients feel more comfortable, improve the skin cleanness, meanwhile, avoid the risks of drowning, cross infection and retrograde infection and achieve the goal of moving shower room to the bedside.Conclusion:The new type bath equipment is simple, safe and low cost, without moving patients. It can save medical resources and improve the basic nursing quality. It is suitable in hospital, family and elderly care facility, and has a broad application prospect.