Aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e histopatológicos de pacientes con lesiones en la mucosa bucal / Clinical, epidemiological, histological and pathological aspects of patients with lesions in the oral mucosa i: en

Introducción: Las lesiones en la mucosa bucal constituyen un grupo heterogéneo de alteraciones, de cuyo diagnóstico temprano depende el pronóstico y el tratamiento. Objetivo: Caracterizar a pacientes con lesiones en la mucosa bucal según variables clínicas, epidemiológicas e histopatológicas. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo de 23 pacientes con lesiones en la mucosa bucal pertenecientes a los consultorios médicos de la familia del reparto Vista Alegre, quienes fueron asistidos en la consulta de estomatología del Hospital General Docente Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba desde septiembre del 2021 hasta junio del 2022. Resultados: En la serie predominaron el sexo femenino, el grupo etario de 60 y más años, la estomatitis subprótesis como lesión más frecuente (39,1 %) y los traumatismos crónicos como factores de riesgo (65,2 %); asimismo, en los pacientes remitidos al nivel secundario de atención hubo coincidencia entre los diagnósticos clínico e histopatológico (76,9 % ). Conclusiones: De la valoración clínica, epidemiológica e histopatológica de estas lesiones y de la preparación de los especialistas sobre el tema dependerá el diagnóstico definitivo.

Introduction: Lesions in the oral mucosa constitute a heterogeneous group of disorders which prognosis and treatment depend on the early diagnosis. Objective: To characterize patients with lesions in the oral mucosa according to clinical, epidemiological, histological and pathological variables. Methods: A descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study of 23 patients with lesions in the oral mucosa was carried out. They belonged to the family doctor offices from Vista Alegre neighborhood and were assisted in the Stomatology Service of Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba from September, 2021 to June, 2022. Results: In the series there was a prevalence of the female sex, the 60 years and over age group, subprosthesis stomatitis as more frequent lesion (39.1%) and chronic traumatisms as risk factors (65.2%); also, in patients referred to the secondary care level there was coincidence between the clinical, histological and pathological diagnoses (76.9%). Conclusions: The final diagnosis will depend on the clinical, epidemiological, histological and pathological valuation of these lesions and on the preparation of the specialists on the topic.

Procedimiento anestésico-quirúrgico en un adulto con esplenomegalia por linfoma primario de bazo / Anesthetic-surgical procedure in an adult with splenomegaly due to primary spleenic lymphoma: en

Se describe el caso clínico de un adulto joven de 30 años de edad, con antecedente de buena salud, quien fue asistido en el Servicio de Cirugía del Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech en Camagüey por presentar aumento de volumen en la región abdominal de dos meses de evolución, concomitante con astenia, anorexia, vómitos y pérdida de peso. En el examen físico resultaron notables el abdomen globuloso (bazo palpable) sin dolor, un hematoma periumbilical y múltiples adenopatías supraclaviculares; en tanto, en los estudios imagenológicos se evidenció la presencia de esplenomegalia. Se realizó esplenectomía con administración de anestesia general endotraqueal y en el estudio histopatológico de la muestra resecada se confirmó el diagnóstico de linfoma primario del bazo.

The case report of a 30-year-old young adult with a history of good health is described, who was assisted at the Surgery Service of Manuel Ascunce Domenech University Hospital in Camagüey due to volume increase in the abdominal region with a course of two months, concomitant with asthenia, anorexia, vomits and weight loss. Physical examination revealed a globular abdomen (palpable spleen) with no pain, a periumbilical hematoma, and multiple supraclavicular adenopathies; meanwhile, in the imaging studies splenomegaly was evidenced. Splenectomy was performed with administration of general endotracheal anesthesia and the histopathological study of the resected sample confirmed the diagnosis of primary spleenic lymphoma.

Assessment of preoperative endometrial histopathological sampling as a predictor of final surgical pathology in endometrial cancer / Avaliação do diagnóstico histopatológico endometrial pré-operatório como preditor do diagnostico patológico final em câncer de endométrio

Abstract Objective To evaluate the agreement between the histopathological diagnoses of preoperative endometrial samples and surgical specimens and correlate the agreement between the diagnoses with the impact on surgical management and the survival of patients with endometrial adenocarcinomas. Methods Sixty-two patients treated for endometrial cancer at a university hospital from 2002 to 2011 were retrospectively evaluated. The histopathological findings of preoperative endometrial samples and of surgical specimens were analyzed. The patients were subjected to hysterectomy as well as adjuvant treatment, if necessary, and clinical follow-up, according to the institutional protocol. Lesions were classified as endometrioid tumor (type 1) grades 1, 2, or 3 or non-endometrioid carcinoma (type 2). Results The agreement between the histopathological diagnoses based on preoperative endometrial samples and surgical specimens was fair (Kappa: 0.40; p < 0.001). However, the agreement was very significant for tumor type and grade, in which a higher concordance occurred at a higher grade. The percentage of patients with lymph nodes affected was 19.2%;. Although most patients presenting with disease remission or cure were in the early stages (90.5%;), there were no significant differences between those patients who had a misdiagnosis (11/16; 68.8%;) and those who had a correct diagnosis (25/33; 75.8%;) based on preoperative endometrial sampling (p = 0.605). Conclusion Our findings corroborate the literature and confirm the under staging of preoperative endometrial samples based on histopathological assessment, especially for lower grade endometrial tumors. We suggest that the preoperative diagnosis should be complemented with other methods to better plan the surgical management strategy.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a concordância entre os diagnósticos histopatológicos de amostras endometriais pré-operatórias e cirúrgicas de pacientes com adenocarcinomas endometriais e avaliar o impacto da concordância entre os diagnósticos no planejamento cirúrgico e sobrevida das pacientes. Métodos Dados de 62 pacientes com câncer de endométrio operadas entre 2002 a 2011 em um hospital universitário foram avaliadas retrospectivamente. As pacientes foram submetidas à histerectomia e tratamento adjuvante, se necessário, e acompanhadas clinicamente de acordo com o protocolo institucional. Foram avaliados os resultados das análises histopatológicas das amostras endometriais pré-operatórias e cirúrgicas. As lesões foram classificadas como tumor endometrioide (tipo 1) graus 1, 2 ou 3 ou carcinoma não endometrioide (tipo 2). Resultados De modo geral, houve uma concordância baixa entre os diagnósticos histopatológicos das amostras endometriais pré-operatórias e cirúrgicas (Kappa: 0,40; p < 0,001). Entretanto, uma alta concordância entre os diagnósticos foi observada nos tumores de graus mais elevados. Comprometimento de linfonodos ocorreu em 19,2%; das pacientes e a maioria das que apresentaram remissão ou cura foram diagnosticadas nos estágios iniciais da doença (90,5%;). Não houve diferença significativa na taxa de remissão ou cura entre as pacientes que tiveram concordância (25/33; 75,8%;) ou divergência (11/16; 68,8%;) entre os resultados histopatológicos pré-operatórios e cirúrgicos (p = 0,605). Conclusão Nossos achados corroboram a literatura e confirmam o sub-estadiamento de amostras endometriais pré-operatórias com base na avaliação histopatológica, especialmente para tumores endometriais de baixo grau. Outros métodos complementares são necessários para um diagnóstico pré-operatório mais preciso a fim de melhorar o planejamento cirúrgico.

Alta incidencia de patologías neoplásicas en biopsias ganglionares de pacientes asistidos en un hospital de enfermedades infecciosas / High incidence of neoplasmic diseases in lymph node biopsies in assisted patients in an infectious diseases hospital

La presencia de adenopatías periféricas con rango adenomegálico es un hallazgo clínico frecuente, tanto en los pacientes con serología reactiva como en los no infectados por el VIH. En este estudio retrospectivo se analizaron 132 muestras de biopsias quirúrgicas ganglionares obtenidas de pacientes internados en un hospital de referencia en Enfermedades Infecciosas del GCABA, Argentina, en el período comprendido entre enero de 2011 y diciembre de 2015. La mayoría de los pacientes (100/132, 75,8%) tuvieron serología reactiva para VIH; en este subgrupok de sujetos, la mediana del recuento de linfocitos T CD-4 positivos fue de 141 cél/µL. El diagnóstico histopatológico más frecuente resultó la infiltración ganglionar por neoplasias linfoides primarias (linfomas) o metástasis de carcinomas (41%). Entre las patologías infecciosas predominaron las micobacteriosis, en especial la tuberculosis. Solo en 3 de 132 (2,3%) muestras de biopsias los hallazgos histológicos fueron normales. En conclusión, la biopsia quirúrgica de adenopatías periféricas resulta un método muy valioso y mínimamente invasivo para el diagnóstico de patologías infecciosas y tumorales. Una alta incidencia de enfermedades neoplásicas se detectaron en este estudio realizado en un hospital de Enfermedades Infecciosas.

Peripheral lymphadenopathy is a common clinical condition in both HIV-infected and non-HIV patients and has a wide spectrum of differential diagnoses. In this retrospective study, we carried out a cross-sectional study of peripheral lymph node biopsies performed from January 2011 to December 2015 in a reference hospital of Infectious Diseases in Argentina. We include a 132 patients underwent excisional lymph node biopsies during the time of study. The majority of patients were HIV-seropositive (100/132; 75,8%); the median of CD4 T-cell count was 141 cell/µL. The most common histopathological diagnosis was primitive or secondary neoplasms (54/132; 40,9%). In 51/132 biopsies the diagnosis corresponded to infectious pathologies, especially mycobacterial diseases, including tuberculosis. Only 3 of 132 biopsies (2,3%) included in the evaluation had only with normal findings. Peripheral lymph node biopsy is a simple and useful tool to diagnose opportunistic diseases and neoplasms in HIV and non-HIV infected patients. A high incidence of neoplasm diseases (41%) were obtained in this retrospective study

Positive predictive value of nonpalpable breast lesions according to bi-rads® classification / Valor preditivo positivo das lesões mamárias não palpáveis utilizando a classificação BI-RADS®

Introduction: Breast cancer is the neoplasm that most affects women in Brazil and the world, and its incidence has increased steadily over the last decade. Due to screening mammography programs, according to age group, the mortality rate of breast cancer has decreased by 31%. With the increase in the number of screening examinations, there has also been increase in the number of suspicious lesions diagnosed and, consequently, increase in the indication and performance of breast biopsies. With the help of the categorizations that the American College of Radiology published, according to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS®), it was possible to standardize the reports and descriptions of breast lesions, both in mammography and ultrasound, facilitating decision-making in regard to suspicious lesions. Objective: To evaluate the positive predictive value (PPV) of nonpalpable breast lesions biopsied in the Radiodiagnostic Service of Hospital Naval Marcílio Dias. Method: A retrospective and analytical study of 88 patients submitted to stereotaxic guided mammary biopsies from December 2015 to December 2016 with suspected diagnosis of malignant lesions, classified by mammographic BI-RADS in categories 4 and 5 and later correlation with the histopathological reports. Results: PPV was high for category 5 lesions, and for category 4 lesions PPV was low and progressively increased with the subcategories. Conclusion: BI­RADS categorization is an effective predictor for the risk of malignancy in suspicious mammographic lesions.

Introdução: O câncer de mama é a neoplasia que mais acomete mulheres no Brasil e no mundo e sua incidência vem aumentando progressivamente ao longo dessa última década. Devido aos programas de rastreamento mamográfico, de acordo com a faixa etária, a taxa de mortalidade por câncer de mama diminuiu em 31%. Com o aumento do número de exames de rastreamento houve aumento, também, da quantidade de lesões suspeitas diagnosticadas e, consequentemente, um aumento na indicação e realização de biópsias mamárias. Com o auxílio das categorizações que o American College of Radiology publicou, segundo o Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS®), foi possível padronizar os laudos e as descrições das lesões mamárias, tanto na mamografia quanto na ultrassonografia, facilitando a tomada de decisão perante a lesões de aspecto suspeito. Objetivo: Avaliar o valor preditivo positivo (VPP) das lesões mamárias não palpáveis nas quais foi realizada biópsia no Serviço de Radiodiagnóstico do Hospital Naval Marcílio Dias. Método: Estudo retrospectivo e analítico de 88 pacientes submetidas a biópsias mamárias guiadas por estereotaxia no período de dezembro de 2015 a dezembro de 2016 com diagnóstico suspeito de lesões malignas, classificadas no BI-RADS® mamográfico em categorias 4 e 5, com posterior correlação com os laudos histopatológicos. Resultados: Foi encontrado alto valor preditivo positivo na categoria cinco e, nas lesões classificadas como categoria quatro, o VPP foi menor, aumentando progressivamente com as subcategorias. Conclusão: A categorização BI-RADS® é um preditor eficaz para o risco de malignidade nas lesões suspeitas na mamografia.

Tumor de Brenner fronterizo / Borderline Brenner Tumor

El tumor de Brenner es derivado de la superficie del ovario, que guarda similitud con epitelio transicional de la vejiga. Es un tumor raro debido a que representa 1,5 por ciento de las neoplasias de ovario. El objetivo del trabajo es presentar el caso de una paciente con tumor de Brenner fronterizo confirmado histopatológicamente y realizar una revisión de la literatura respecto al diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico de la entidad y compararla con otras entidades. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 88 años, a quien se la practicó laparotomía por sospecha de un quiste complejo; se describe la historia clínica y su diagnóstico, y se realiza una revisión de la literatura con énfasis en el diagnóstico. Se realizó una búsqueda de literatura utilizando las bases de datos Medline, vía PubMed, OMIM y SciELO, con los términos tumor de Brenner y tumor de Brenner fronterizo en español e inglés sin límite por año de publicación. Se encontraron 10 artículos, que corresponden a reportes de casos y revisión de la literatura, los cuales describen las características en cuanto a presentación clínica, diagnóstico clínico basándose en estudios de histopatología, y aspectos genéticos de la entidad. El tumor de Brenner fronterizo es infrecuente en México debe tenerse en cuenta como diagnóstico diferencial de tumores de ovario(AU)

Brenner tumor derives from the ovary surface and is similar to the transitional epithelium of the bladder. It is a rare tumor representing just 1.5 percent of ovary neoplasies. The objective of this paper was to present a patient with histologically-confirmed borderline Brenner tumor and to make a literature review on the clinical and histopathological diagnosis of this disease and compare it with others. Here is a 88 years-old women who was performed laparatomy because of suspected complex cyst; her medical history and diagnosis was described and a literature review with emphasis on diagnosing process. A literature search was made by using Medline,OMIM y SciELO and terms Brenner tumor¨ and ¨bordeline Brenner tumor in Spanish and English regardless of year of publication. Ten articles were found about case reports and literature review; they describe the characteristics of clinical presentation, clinical diagnosis based on histopathological studies and general aspects of the disease. Borderline Brenner tumor is infrequent in Mexico and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of ovary tumors(AU)

Siringoma Condroide. Presentación de un caso / Chondroid syringoma. Case presentation

Introducción: El Siringoma Condroide o tumor mixto es una neoplasia habitualmente benigna que constituye 0,01 por ciento de los tumores primarios de la piel. Es una entidad análoga al tumor mixto (Adenoma Pleomorfo) de glándulas salivales. El diagnóstico es exclusivamente histopatológico. Objetivo: Presentar una paciente con un diagnóstico poco común de Siringoma Condroide benigno, donde se destaca como diagnóstico diferencial entre los tumores de la piel en cabeza y cuello. Presentación de caso: Presentamos el caso de una paciente femenina, de 45 años de edad, quien acude a consulta por presentar un nódulo subcutáneo en la región geniana derecha, que apareció como un pequeño aumento de volumen debajo de la piel, que fue creciendo gradualmente, asintomático, redondeado, bien delimitado, móvil, de consistencia entre suave y firme, de varios meses de evolución, como única lesión. Clínicamente se interpretó como un quiste epidérmico. Su diagnóstico anatomopatológico fue el de Siringoma Condroide benigno o Tumor mixto de la piel. Conclusiones: Resulta un caso interesante debido a la baja frecuencia de presentación de esta lesión. Es importante tener presente esta entidad en el diagnóstico diferencial de los tumores de la piel en cabeza y cuello. A pesar de ser un tumor benigno es necesario el seguimiento del paciente, pues, aunque es muy raro, se han descrito casos con un comportamiento maligno(AU)

Introduction: Chondroid syringoma or mixed tumour is usually a benign neoplasia, constituting 0.01 percent of primary tumours of the skin. This is analogous to mixed tumour (Pleomorphic adenoma) of salivary gland. The diagnosis is only histopathologically. Objective: To present a patient with a diagnosis not very common of chondroid syringoma, where it is highlighted as differential diagnosis among the head and neck skin tumours. Case presentation: Is presented a case of a female patient; 45 years old, that arrived to the consulting room showing a subcutaneous nodule on the right genial region, it appeared as an asymptomatic slow-growing small mass, rounded, well bounded, mobile of soft and firm consistence, of several months of evolution, as a single lesion. The diagnosis was a chondroid syringoma or skin mixed tumour. Conclusions: It is an interesting case because it has a low frequency. It is important bear in mind this entity in the differential diagnosis of head and neck skin tumours. Despite being a benign tumour it is necessary to monitor patients, because even though it is uncommon, some cases have been reported with a malignant behaviour(AU)

Lupus eritematoso sistémico y linfoma no Hodgkin de células T. Presentación de caso y revisión de la literatura

El incremento en la incidencia de los linfomas asociado a enfermedades reumáticas está relacionado con los estados de inmunodeficiencia y autoinmunidad. Se presenta una mujer mestiza de 28 años con fiebre, adenopatías, artralgias, lesiones vasculíticas en piel, ulceras en el paladar, hepatoesplenomegalia y marcadores de anticuerpos para el Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico. Antecedentes de historia de cáncer familiar. El tamaño de algunos ganglios determinó biopsia del mismo, tomografía computarizada multicorte, Medulograma y otros exámenes. Se diagnosticó además linfoma no Hodgkin de células T con patrón periférico. Se concluye un caso cuya forma de debut concomitante de un Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico y un Linfoma no Hodgkin de células T constituye una extraña y poco frecuente presentación en la clínica

The increment in the incidence of the lymphomas associated to rheumatic illnesses is related with the states of immunodeficiency and autoimmunity states. It presents a half-breed 28-years woman with fever, linphadenopathy, arthralgias, vasculitis in skin, ulcerates in the palate, hepatoesplenomegalia and marking of antibodies for the systemic lupus erythematosus. History of familiar cancer. The size of some ganglions decided biopsy of the same, multicorte computerized tomography, Medulograma and other examines. It diagnosed to him moreover lymphoma not Hodgkin of T cells with peripheral owner. It is concluded a case whose form of concomitant debut of systemic lupus erythematosus and a lymphoma not Hodgkin of T cells constitutes a strange and little frequent presentation in the clinic

Candidiasis bucal en pacientes con diabetes mellitus / Oral Candidiasis in patients with diabetes mellitus

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 75 pacientes con diabetes mellitus, quienes presentaron candidiasis bucal, tratados en la consulta estomatológica del Policlínico de Especialidades del Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico "Saturnino Lora Torres" de Santiago de Cuba, desde marzo de 2013 hasta igual mes de 2015, a fin de evaluar los resultados del diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico de la citada afección. Las muestras para biopsias se fijaron y procesaron con la técnica clásica de inclusión en parafina; se colorearon con una tinción especial de ácido peryódico de Schiff, lo cual confirmó la existencia de cambios celulares. Predominaron el sexo masculino, el grupo etario de 60 años y más; la ausencia de manifestaciones clínicas, el paladar duro y la comisura labial como los sitios de mayor prevalencia y la candidiasis eritematosa como la forma clínica más común. La presencia de hifas patógenas y células levaduriformes fueron los hallazgos histopatológicos más sobresalientes.

A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 75 patients with diabetes mellitus who presented oral candidiasis, treated in the stomatological service of the Specialties Polyclinic of "Saturnino Lora Torres" Teaching Provincial Clinical Surgical Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out, from March, 2013 to the same month in 2015, in order to evaluate the results of the clinical and histopathologic diagnosis of the mentioned affection. The samples for biopsies were fixed and processed with the classic technique of inclusion in paraffin; they were colored with a special stain of Schiff periodic acid, which confirmed the existence of cellular changes. There was a prevalence of male sex, the 60 years and over age group; the absence of clinical symptoms, the hard palate and the corner of the mouth as the sites of greater prevalence and the erythematous candidiasis as the most common clinical form. The presence of pathogen hyphae and yeast-like cells were the most outstanding histopathologic findings.

Diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico del carcinoma in situ en la mucosa bucal / Clinical, histological and pathological diagnosis of carcinoma in situ of the oral mucous

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 25 pacientes, adictos al tabaco, con carcinoma in situ en la mucosa bucal, atendidos en la consulta estomatológica del Policlínico de Especialidades perteneciente al Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico "Saturnino Lora Torres" de Santiago de Cuba, desde abril del 2008 hasta igual periodo del 2013, a fin de evaluar los resultados del diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico de esta neoplasia. Mediante la técnica clásica de inclusión en parafina se confirmó la existencia de cambios celulares. En la casuística prevalecieron el sexo masculino y la ausencia de síntomas subjetivos en la forma leucoplásica. El sitio anatómico más susceptible correspondió al borde lateral de la lengua. Entre las alteraciones hísticas más comunes figuraron: hipercromatismo nuclear, membrana basal intacta, pérdida de la polaridad, así como pleomorfismo nuclear y celular...

A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 25 patients, with tobacco addition and carcinoma in situ of the oral mucous, assisted in the stomatological department of the Specialties Polyclinic belonging to "Saturnino Lora Torres" Teaching Provincial Clinical Surgical Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from April, 2008 to same period of the 2013, in order to evaluate the results of the clinical, histological and pathological diagnosis of this neoplasia. By means of the classic technique of inclusion in paraffin the existence of cellular changes was confirmed. The male sex and the absence of subjective symptoms prevailed in the leucoplasic form in the case material. The most susceptible anatomical site corresponded to the lateral border of the tongue. Among the most common tissue alterations there were: nuclear hyperchromatism, intact basal membrane, loss of the polarity, as well as nuclear and cellular pleomorphism...

Diagnóstico histopatológico de cáncer bucal en el Hospital General Docente "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" / Histopathological diagnosis of the oral cancer in "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" Teaching General Hospital

Se efectuó una investigación descriptiva y retrospectiva en el Departamento de Anatomía Patológica del Hospital General Docente "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, con vistas a determinar la incidencia del cáncer bucal diagnosticado histopatológicamente, para lo cual se revisaron las fichas de las biopsias realizadas desde el año 2008 al 2013, y se seleccionaron las 28 con dicho diagnóstico. El grupo etario más afectado fue el de 59-69 años (50,0 %), aunque 8 pacientes tenían menos de 59 años de edad (28,5 %); la localización anatómica predominante fue la lengua, seguida del paladar (57,1 % para ambos casos); el tipo histológico más diagnosticado resultó el carcinoma escamoso (78,5 %) y el hábito tóxico más frecuente fue el de fumar. Pudo concluirse que el cáncer de la boca presentó una elevada incidencia en esta institución hospitalaria, por lo que deben extremarse los cuidados en la aplicación del Programa de Detección Precoz de Cáncer Bucal en la atención primaria de salud.

A descriptive and retrospective investigation was carried out in the Pathology Department from "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, with the aim of determining the incidence of the histopathologically diagnosed oral cancer, for which the records of the biopsies carried out from 2008 to 2013 were reviewed, and the 28 with this diagnosis were selected. The most affected age group was the 59-69 group (50.0%), although 8 patients had less than 59 years (28.5%); the predominant anatomical localization was the tongue, followed by the palate (57.1% for both cases); the histological type most diagnosed was the squamous cell carcinoma (78.5%) and the most frequent toxic habit was smoking. It could be concluded that the mouth cancer had a high incidence in this hospital institution, so that care should be extreme in the implementation of the Program for early Detection of oral Cancer in the primary health care.

Granuloma Piógeno. Presentación de un caso / Pyogenic Granuloma. Case presentation

Introducción: el Granuloma Piógeno es un tumor benigno que se presenta en la cavidad bucal y en diferentes zonas de la piel, asociado a la presencia de irritantes locales. Se considera una respuesta exagerada frente a estímulos de baja intensidad. Se puede establecer diagnóstico diferencial con diferentes entidades como el hemangioma, granuloma periférico de células gigantes, tumor en el embarazo. Objetivo: exponer un caso de Granuloma Piógeno de encía ante la comunidad científica. Presentación del caso: paciente femenina de 47 años, con antecedente de salud, acude a consulta por aumento de volumen entre 32 y 33 por vestibular, 8 meses de evolución, sangramiento espontáneo y abundante al cepillado siendo doloroso el mismo. Se decidió su escisión y biopsia para el diagnóstico definitivo, la cual se realizó bajo anestesia local sin complicaciones, con una evolución postoperatoria favorable. Conclusiones: el Granuloma Piógeno es una respuesta exagerada de los tejidos gingivales a pequeños estímulos, el examen histológico corrobora el diagnóstico clínico presuntivo.

Introduction: the pyogenic granuloma is a benign tumor that is shown at the buccal cavity and at the skin's different zones, associated to the presence of irritating locales. An answer exaggerated in front of low-intensity stimuli is considered. Diagnostic differential with different entities like the hemangioma, peripheric granuloma of giant cells, and tumor in the pregnancy can be established. Objective: to expose a case of granuloma gum pyogenic before the scientific community. Case presentation: patient BRP, he assists to consultation for increase of volume among 32 and 33 feminine of 47 years, with antecedent of health for vestibular, 8 months of evolution, spontaneous and ample bleeding to the brushing being painful the same one. His scission and biopsy for the definitive diagnosis were decided, which as local anesthesia without complications, with a postoperative favorable evolution came true softly. Conclusions: Pyogenic Granuloma is made an exaggerated answer from the gingival tissue to small stimuli, the exam histological corroborates the clinical presumptive diagnosis.

Identificación del papilomavirus humano en la leucoplasia bucal / Identification of the human papilomavirus in oral leukoplakia

Con el propósito de evaluar los resultados del diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico del papilomavirus humano asociado a la leucoplasia bucal, se efectuó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 75 pacientes con la citada afección, tratados en la consulta estomatológica del Policlínico de Especialidades del Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico "Saturnino Lora Torres" de Santiago de Cuba, desde septiembre del 2009 hasta igual mes del 2012. A los afectados se le realizó biopsia para conocer la presencia de coilocitos que producían alteraciones epiteliales y del corion en el tejido lesionado, así como su localización topográfica. En la casuística prevalecieron el sexo masculino, la mucosa de carrillo como el sitio anatómico de mayor incidencia y la displasia epitelial como la más relevante. Asimismo, la pérdida de la relación núcleo-citoplasma y la hiperplasia de la capa basal fueron las alteraciones hísticas más frecuentes.

With the purpose of evaluating the results of the clinical and histopathological diagnosis of the human papilomavirus associated with oral leukoplakia, a descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 75 patients with this condition, who were treated at the Stomatology Department of the Polyclinic of Specialties from "Saturnino Lora" Provincial Teaching Clinical Surgical Hospital of Santiago de Cuba, from September 2009 to the same month of 2012. Biopsies were taken from patients to detect the presence of koilocytes producing chorion and epithelial changes in damaged tissue, as well as their topographic location. Male sex, buccal mucosa as the anatomical site of highest incidence and epithelial dysplasia as the most significant prevailed in the case material. Likewise, the loss of the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and hyperplasia of the basal layer were the most frequent tissue alterations.

Infección por papilomavirus humano en pacientes con liquen plano bucal / Infection due to human papilomavirus in patients with oral lichen planus i: en

Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 85 pacientes con liquen plano bucal asociado al virus del papiloma humano, atendidos en la consulta estomatológica del Policlínico de Especialidades del Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico "Saturnino Lora Torres" de Santiago de Cuba, desde noviembre del 2008 hasta igual mes del 2011, con vistas a evaluar los resultados del diagnóstico histopatológico de esta afección. Entre las variables analizadas figuraron: edad, sexo, diagnóstico clinicohistopatológico, localización anatómica, factores de riesgo, alteraciones celulares que aparecen en el epitelio y magnitud de la displasia epitelial. En la casuística predominaron ambos sexos, el grupo etario de 20-29 años, la mucosa de carrillo como el sitio de mayor incidencia, la presencia de coilocitos como el hallazgo histológico más significativo y elevadas proporciones de la displasia epitelial leve.

A descriptive and cross sectional study of 85 patients with oral lichen planus associated with the virus of human papiloma, assisted in the estomatological service from the Specialties Polyclinic in "Saturnino Lora Torres" Teaching Clinical-Surgical Provincial Hospital from Santiago de Cuba was carried out from November, 2008 to the same month of 2011, with the aim of evaluating the results of the histological and pathological diagnosis of this disorder. Among the analyzed variables there were: age, sex, clinical histological and pathological diagnosis, anatomical localization, risk factors, cellular changes which appear in the epithelium and magnitude of the epithelial dysplasia. The age group 20-29, both sexes, the cheek mucosa as the place of greater incidence, the koilocytos presence as the most significant histological finding, high proportions of the mild epithelial dysplasia prevailed in the case material.

Consultoria em patologia cirúrgica mamária: variabilidade interobservador no diagnóstico de lesões proliferativas intraductais atípicas / Consultation in breast surgical pathology: interobserver diagnostic variability of atypical intraductal proliferative lesions

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a concordância nos diagnósticos histopatológicos de lesões mamárias proliferativas intraductais entre patologistas gerais e especialistas em patologia mamária. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo observacional e transversal, com análise de 209 lesões encaminhadas ao Laboratório de Patologia Mamária da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais para consultoria, no período de 2007 a 2011, comparando os diagnósticos originais com os após a revisão. Foram incluídos apenas os casos com solicitação formal de revisão e que apresentavam diagnóstico histopatológico no laudo original ou de revisão de lesões proliferativas, carcinoma ductal in situ puro, carcinoma ductal in situ com microinvasão ou associado a carcinoma invasor. A concordância percentual e o índice kappa foram utilizados para a análise estatística. RESULTADOS: Observamos moderada concordância nos diagnósticos originais de benignidade ou malignidade versus os diagnósticos de revisão (kappa=0,5; concordância percentual=83%). Após a revisão, o diagnóstico de malignidade foi confirmado em 140/163 casos (86%) e o diagnóstico de benignidade foi confirmado em 34/46 casos (74%). Quanto aos diagnósticos específicos, observamos concordância moderada entre o laudo original e de revisão (136/209 casos; kappa=0,5; concordância percentual=65%). A maior discordância foi observada nos casos de carcinoma ductal in situ com microinvasão (6/6 casos; 100%). Grande discordância foi observada nos casos de hiperplasia ductal atípica (16/30 casos; 53%) e carcinoma ductal in situ (25/75 casos; 33%). Em relação ao grau histológico do carcinoma ductal in situ, observou-se boa concordância entre os laudos originais e de revisão (29/39 casos; kappa=0,6; concordância percentual=74%). CONCLUSÃO: Nossos dados confirmam que as lesões mamárias proliferativas intraductais, em especial as hiperplasias ductais atípicas, o carcinoma ductal in situ e o carcinoma ductal in situ com microinvasão apresentam relevantes discordâncias nos diagnósticos histopatológicos, que podem induzir o clínico a erros nas decisões terapêuticas.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the agreement about the histopathological diagnosis of intraductal proliferative breast lesions between general pathologists and a specialist in breast pathology. METHODS: This was an observational, cross-sectional study of 209 lesions received in consultation at the Breast Pathology Laboratory of the School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, from 2007 to 2011, comparing the original diagnosis and the review. We included only cases with a formal request for review and cases in which the original diagnosis or reviewer's diagnosis showed proliferative lesions, pure ductal carcinoma in situ, ductal carcinoma in situ associated with microinvasion or associated with invasive carcinoma. The kappa index and percent concordance were used in the statistical analyses. RESULTS: A moderate agreement was observed between the original histopathological diagnosis and the second opinion (kappa=0.5; percentual concordance=83%). After the review, the diagnosis of malignancy was confirmed in 140/163 cases (86%) and the diagnosis of benign lesions was confirmed in 34/46 cases (74%). Regarding specific diagnosis, we observed moderate agreement between the original diagnosis and the reviewer's diagnosis (136/209 cases; kappa=0.5; percent concordance=65%). The highest disagreement was observed in cases of ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion (6/6 cases; 100%). Important discordance was observed in cases of atypical ductal hyperplasia (16/30 cases; 53%) and ductal carcinoma in situ (25/75 cases; 33%). Regarding the histological grade of ductal carcinoma in situ, we observed good agreement between the original diagnosis and the review (29/39 cases; kappa=0.6, percent agreement=74%). CONCLUSION: Our data confirm that intraductal proliferative breast lesions, especially atypical ductal hyperplasia, ductal carcinoma in situ and ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion show relevant discrepancies in the histopathological diagnoses, which may induce errors in therapeutic decisions.

Incidencia de la eritroleucoplasia en la cavidad bucal / Incidence of erythroleukoplakia in the oral cavity

Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 20 mujeres y hombres mayores de 19 años, adictos al tabaco, atendidos en la consulta estomatológica del Policlínico de Especialidades del Hospital Provincial Docente Saturnino Lora Torres de Santiago de Cuba, desde septiembre del 2007 hasta igual mes del 2010, con vistas a evaluar los resultados del diagnóstico clinicohistopatológico, obtenido del examen de la cavidad bucal y de la biopsia realizada a los pacientes con eritroleucoplasia. Las muestras fueron fijadas y procesadas por la técnica convencional de inclusión en parafina, con lo cual se confirmó la presencia de cambios tisulares. En la casuística prevalecieron el sexo masculino, la ausencia de manifestaciones clínicas y la mucosa de carrillo como el sitio de ubicación más susceptible. Asimismo, las alteraciones hísticas más comunes fueron la hiperqueratosis y el infiltrado inflamatorio subepitelial.

A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 20 women and men older than 19 years, who were heavy smokers, assisted in the Stomatology Department of the Specialties Polyclinic from Saturnino Lora Torres Provincial Teaching Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from September, 2007 to the same month of 2010, with the objective of evaluating the results of the clinico-histopathological diagnosis, obtained from the examination to the oral cavity and from the biopsy carried out to patients with erythroleukoplakia. The samples were fixed and processed through the conventional technique of inclusion in paraffin, which confirmed the presence of tissue changes. Male sex, the absence of clinical manifestations and the cheek mucosa as the most susceptible location prevailed in the case material. Also, the most common tissue alterations were the hyperkeratosis and the subepithelial inflammatory infiltrate.

Tumores de ovario: patogenia, cuadro clínico, diagnóstico ecográfico e histopatológico / Ovarian tumors: pathogenia, clinical pattern, echographic and histopathological diagnosis

La ecografía ha adquirido gran importancia en el diagnóstico de los tumores ováricos, de manera que resulta de gran utilidad en la práctica ginecológica. Se realizó una revisión de la bibliografía biomédica acerca de la patogenia, el cuadro clínico y el diagnóstico ecográfico e histopatológico de dichos tumores, con vistas a crear un importante material de consulta acerca de esta enfermedad, cuyo descubrimiento en etapas tempranas es vital para las pacientes.

Echography has acquired great importance in the diagnosis of the ovarian tumors, so that it is of great usefulness in the gynecological practice. A review of the biomedical literature on the pathogenia, the clinical pattern and the echographic and histopathological diagnosis of these tumors was carried out , aimed at creating an important reference tool dealing about this illness, which finding in early stages, is vital for the patients.