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1.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 83(5): 530-535, Sept.-Oct. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-889303

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Cochlear implants are undeniably an effective method for the recovery of hearing function in patients with hearing loss. Objective: To describe the preoperative vestibular assessment protocol in subjects who will be submitted to cochlear implants. Methods: Our institutional protocol provides the vestibular diagnosis through six simple tests: Romberg and Fukuda tests, assessment for spontaneous nystagmus, Head Impulse Test, evaluation for Head Shaking Nystagmus and caloric test. Results: 21 patients were evaluated with a mean age of 42.75 ± 14.38 years. Only 28% of the sample had all normal test results. The presence of asymmetric vestibular information was documented through the caloric test in 32% of the sample and spontaneous nystagmus was an important clue for the diagnosis. Bilateral vestibular areflexia was present in four subjects, unilateral arreflexia in three and bilateral hyporeflexia in two. The Head Impulse Test was a significant indicator for the diagnosis of areflexia in the tested ear (p = 0.0001). The sensitized Romberg test using a foam pad was able to diagnose severe vestibular function impairment (p = 0.003). Conclusion: The six clinical tests were able to identify the presence or absence of vestibular function and function asymmetry between the ears of the same individual.


Resumo Introdução: Os implantes cocleares (IC) são indiscutivelmente um método eficaz de recuperação da função auditiva de pacientes surdos. Objetivo: Descrever o protocolo de avaliação vestibular pré-operatória em sujeitos que serão submetidos ao IC. Método: Nosso protocolo institucional prevê o diagnóstico vestibular por meio de seis testes simples: testes de Romberg e Fukuda, nistagmo espontâneo, Head Impulse Test, Head Shaking Nistagmus, prova calórica. Resultados: Foram avaliados 21 pacientes com média de 42,75 ± 14,38 anos. Apenas 28% da amostra apresentaram todos os testes normais. A presença de informação vestibular assimétrica foi documentada pela prova calórica em 32% da amostra e o nistagmo espontâneo mostrou-se pista importante para seu diagnóstico. A arreflexia vestibular bilateral foi diagnosticada em quatro sujeitos; arreflexia unilateral em três e hiporreflexia bilateral em dois. O Head Impulse Test mostrou-se indicador significante (p = 0,0001) para diagnosticar arreflexia da orelha testada. O teste de Romberg sensibilizado em almofada foi capaz de diagnosticar os comprometimentos severos da função vestibular (p = 0,003). Conclusão: Os seis testes clínicos foram capazes de identificar a presença ou não de função vestibular e assimetria da função entre as orelhas de um mesmo indivíduo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Vestibular Function Tests/classification , Vestibular Diseases/surgery , Cochlear Implantation , Deafness/surgery , Vestibular Diseases/diagnosis , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cochlear Implants , Deafness/diagnosis , Deafness/etiology
2.
Cir. parag ; 39(2): 8-11, dic. 2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDNPAR | ID: biblio-972574

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La incidencia del Divertículo de Meckel es del 1-3% en la población general. Presentan complicaciones como hemorragia, perforación u obstrucción intestinal que en ocasiones simulan una apendicitis aguda. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de esta enfermedad, en pacientes con diagnóstico pre-operatorio de apendicitis aguda, así como el tratamiento y morbimortalidad. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y observacional. Pacientes y metodo: Se revisaron 1552 fichas, de pacientes con diagnóstico pre-operatorio de apendicitis aguda, de las que se analizaron 14 casos de Divertículo de Meckel , que fueron el hallazgo quirúrgico, de marzo 2000 a febrero 2015. Resultados: n: 14 pacientes. Fueron del sexo masculino 13 pacientes y del femenino 1. La edad promedio de 27 años. El tiempo de evolución en promedio fue de 14,5 hs (5-24hs), el motivo de consulta fue el dolor abdominal, en todos los casos, los síntomas fueron el dolor en fosa ilíaca derecha y vómitos. Todos presentaron leucocitosis, en la intervención quirúrgica se constató perforación del divertículo en 8 casos, se realizó resección y anastomosis ileal termino-terminal, en 6 casos diverticulectomía. Se realizó la apendicectomía incidental en todos los pacientes. El estudio anatomopatológico informó divertículo de Meckel con áreas de mucosa gástrica heterotrópica. Tuvimos como complicación: 2 infecciones del sitio quirúrgico, una de ellas con evisceración grado I. El tiempo de internación estuvo comprendido entre 6 y 8 días. No tuvimos óbitos. Conclusiones: El Divertículo de Meckel presentó una frecuencia de 0,9%, de pacientes con diagnóstico pre - operatorio de apendicitis aguda, el tratamiento fué quirúrgico en todos los casos y la morbilidad del 14%.


Introduction: The incidence of Meckel’s diverticulum is 1-3% in the general population. There are complications such as hemorrhage, perforation or intestinal obstruction that sometimes simulate acute appendicitis. Objective: To determine the frequency of this disease, in patients with pre-operative diagnosis of acute appendicitis, as well mortality and morbidity. Design: Descriptive, retrospective and observational. Patients and method study: revised 1552 chips, of patients with a pre-operative diagnosis of acute appendicitis, of which analyzed is 14 cases of Meckel’s Diverticulum, which were the surgical finding, from March 2000 to February 2015. Results: n: 14 patients. 13 patients were male and female 1. The average age of 27 years. The time evolution in average was 14.5 hours (5-24 hs), the reason for consultation was abdominal pain, in all cases, the symptoms were pain in the right iliac fossa, and vomiting. All showed Leukocytosis, in surgery it was found in 8 cases diverticulum perforation, resection and end-terminal ileal anastomosis, in 6 cases Meckel. Incidental appendectomy was performed in all patients. The anatomopathologic study reported Meckel’s diverticulum with heterotropica gastric mucosa areas. We had as a complication: 2 infections in the surgical site, one with evisceration grade I. The time of internment was comprised between 6 and 8 days. We had no deaths. Conclusions: Meckel’s diverticulum presented a frequency of 0,9%, of patients with diagnostic pre - surgery for acute appendicitis, the treatment was surgical in all cases and morbidity of 14%.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Appendicitis/diagnosis , Appendicitis/surgery , Meckel Diverticulum
3.
Acta ortop. mex ; 29(5): 266-270, sep.-oct. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-782705

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las lesiones ligamentarias de la rodilla son comunes durante la segunda y tercera décadas de vida, su diagnóstico clínico es difícil ya que puede diferir con el diagnóstico definitivo. El objetivo es determinar la concordancia entre el diagnóstico preoperatorio-diagnóstico postoperatorio y entre la lesión meniscal sospechada-lesión meniscal encontrada, en pacientes con lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal. En 29 pacientes con lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior a los cuales se realizó artroscopía. Las variables fueron edad, género, lado afectado, diagnóstico preoperatorio, diagnóstico postoperatorio, lesión meniscal sospechada, lesión meniscal encontrada. La estadística utilizada fue descriptiva, para la concordancia se usó índice de Kappa de Cohen. Resultados: Fueron 29 pacientes, 23 (79.3%) hombres y 6 (20.7%) mujeres, la edad promedio: 39.04 (15-50) ± 13.19 años, lado afectado derecho 69% e izquierdo 31%; el diagnóstico preoperatorio en 22 (75%) pacientes fue LLCA aislada, LLCA + menisco medial 6 (20.7%), LLCA + menisco lateral 1 (3.4%) y el diagnóstico artroscópico fue en 20 (68.96%) sin lesión meniscal, 7 (24.1%) lesión en menisco medial, 2 (6.9%) en menisco lateral, con una concordancia baja (Kappa 0.2), la concordancia diagnóstica preoperatoria intraobservador fue perfecta (Kappa 1.0); y la concordancia entre el diagnóstico de la lesión meniscal preoperatoria y de la lesión meniscal artroscópica fue baja (Kappa 0.2). Conclusiones: La concordancia entre el diagnóstico clínico-radiológico y el diagnóstico artroscópico en lesiones del LCA con asociación de lesión meniscal es baja, lo cual se tiene que tener en cuenta en la realización del diagnóstico inicial y en el tratamiento artroscópico de los pacientes.


Introduction: Ligament injuries of the knee joint are common during the second and third decades of life, clinical and radiological diagnosis presents difficulties since the surgical findings may differ significantly. The objective is to determine correlation between clinical-radiologic and arthroscopic diagnosis in patients with injury of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and meniscal lesions. Material and methods: Cross-sectional study held in 29 patients with ACL injury associated to meniscal lesions treated arthroscopically. Variables were age, gender, affected side, preoperative and postoperative diagnosis, type and location of meniscal injury; descriptive statistics and Cohen Kappa for concordance were used. Results: There were 29 patients, 23 (79.3%) men and 6 (20.7%) women, mean age 39.04 (15-50) ± 13.19 years; right side was affected in 69% and left in 31%; 19% had not meniscal lesion, 17.2% had injury in anterior horn, 10.3% in posterior horn and 6.9% in the body. The concordance between preoperative and artroscopic diagnosis was: Kappa 0.2; intraboservador was Kappa 1.0; between suspected meniscal injury and arthroscopic findings was: Kappa 0.2. Conclusions: The concordance between the clinical-radiological and arthroscopic diagnosis in patients with ACL injuries and meniscal injury associated is low, which has to be considered in the initial review and the arthroscopic treatment of patients.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Delirium/diagnosis , Depression/diagnosis , Geriatric Assessment , Health Services for the Aged , Accidental Falls , Diagnostic Errors , Mental Disorders , Mental Health
4.
Medisan ; 15(4)abr. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-616196

ABSTRACT

Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo de 84 pacientes atendidos en el Servicio de Gastroenterología del Hospital General Docente D Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba desde enero de 2010 hasta igual mes de 2011, a los cuales se realizó colecistectomía por presentar manifestaciones clínicas de disfunción biliar; pero después de extirparles la vesícula, acudieron a la consulta externa de la especialidad con dolor abdominal y cuadros diarreicos, entre otros síntomas y signos. En busca de datos más precisos, se comparó el diagnóstico preoperatorio con los hallazgos anatomopatológicos, de donde se derivó que a pesar de que en muchos casos no coincidían, ello no obstaculizó la obtención de resultados satisfactorios en los integrantes de la casuística.


A descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study with 84 patients assisted at Gastroenterology Service from Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso General Teaching Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from January, 2010 to January, 2011. These patients underwent a colecistectomy for having clinical manifestations of biliary dysfunction. After removing the gallbladder, patients having abdominal pain and diarrhea, among other symptoms and signs, attended the outpatient department related to this speciality. Searching for precise data, the pre-surgical diagnosis was compared to the pathological findings, in which case it was concluded that, in spite of many cases did not match, this fact did not hinder the obtaining of satisfactory results in the case material.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Biliary Dyskinesia , Common Bile Duct , Common Bile Duct Diseases , Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction , Gallbladder/surgery , Gallbladder/pathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies
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