ABSTRACT
Introduction@#Diarrhea is the most common disease of children particularly in those under 5 years old. In Lao PDR, diarrhea is responsible for 12% of all childhood deaths and the disease is increasing. Therefore, there is a need to study optimal disease management in Lao patients@*Methodology@#A retrospective study was carried out by reviewing medical records of patients admitted at the Pediatric Infectious Ward, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane Capital from 01/01/2017 to 31/06/2018. We included those diagnosed with acute diarrhea aged 15 years old or younger.@*Finding@#Three hundred and seventy children with diarrhea were included in the analyses, with a higher proportion of males than females [230 (62.2%), 140 (37.6%)] with a ratio of 1.6:1. Mean (SD) age of the patients was 2.1±2.33 years old. The most common age group was those < 2 years old with 247 cases (66.8%), followed by the age group of 2-5 years old [92 cases (24.9%)], 5-10 years old [25 cases (6.8%)] and 10-15 years old [6 cases (1.6%)]. The management in patients without clinically-evident dehydration was ORS in 161 (98.7%), IV fluid in 115 (71.5%) and antibotics in 12 (7.4%). For patients with moderate dehydration, the management consisted of giving ORS in 370 (100%), IV fluid in 198 (96%) and antibotics in one (0.5%). One patient with severe dehydration was given ORS and IV fluid.@*Conclusion@#High proportion of diarrhea found in children under 5 years old. Management in patients without clinical dehydration were rehydration with ORS and IV fluid because patients refused to drink ORS.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the relationship between TLR3 mRNA expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)and acute rotavirus(RV)diarrhea.Methods Sixty-one children with acute RV diarrhea served as study subject,the expression of TLR3 mRNA on PBMCs was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR.the concentrations of IFN-γand TNF-α in serum were measured by the method of Enzyrme-linked immunosorbent assay(EUSA).Results The expression of TLR3 on PBMCs and the serum levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α in the serious diarrhea group were 0. 820±0.051,(33.67±12.88)Pg/ml, (62.21±14.65)pg/ml,respectively,while it were 0.717±0.040,(24.01±10.06)pg/ml,(50.99± 12.18)pg/ml in the slight diarrhea group,and 0.525±0.029,(12.52±5.19)pg/ml,(28.65±7.44)pg/ml in the control group.Compared with the control group.the expression of TLR3 on PBMCs and the serum levels of IFN-γ,TNF-α in the serious and slight diarrhea group were significantly higher(P<0.01).There were significant differences between the serious and slight diarrhea group(P<0.01).There were positive relationship between the expression of TLR3 on PBMCs and tHe serum IFN-γ,TNF-α levels(r=0.431,P< 0.05,r=0.372,P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of TLR3 on PBMCs in children with acute rotavirus dialThea iS up-regulated,TLR3 and its mediated immune response are associated with the development of acute rotavirus diarrhea.
ABSTRACT
A randomized investigation was conducted in 30 of total 80 private pharmacies registered enterprise at Nha Trang city from Mar to Apr 2004 to determine real situation of treatment diarrhea for children under advice of the pharmacies. Results: rate of pharmacies advising treatment for diarrhea by ORS are relatively low while ORS drug is used largely and effectively in treatment diarrhea. 87% pharmacies have provided incorrect counseling to their customers.