Language brain dominance in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy: a comparative study between functional magnetic resonance imaging and dichotic listening test

PURPOSE: To identify brain dominance for language functions with DLT and correlate these results with those obtained from fMRI in patients suffering from intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. METHOD: This study reports on 13 patients who underwent pre-surgical epileptic evaluation between April and October 2004 at the Epilepsy Surgery Program, Hospital Sao Lucas, PUCRS. In DLT, dominance was assessed through a consonant-vowel task, whereas in fMRI patients performed a verb generation task. RESULTS: Our results identified a correlation between the fMRI lateralization index and the DLT ear predominance index and reply difference index (r=0.6, p=0.02; Pearson Correlation Coefficient), showing positive correlation between results obtained from fMRI and DLT. CONCLUSION: DLT was found to significantly correlate with fMRI. These findings indicate that DLT (a non-invasive procedure) could be a useful tool to evaluate language brain dominance in pre-surgical epileptic patients as it is cheaper to perform than fMRI.

OBJETIVO: Identificar a dominância cerebral para funções de linguagem através do teste de escuta dicótica (TED) e correlacionar com os resultados de ressonância magnética funcional (RMf) em pacientes com epilepsia refratária de lobo temporal. MÉTODO: Foram estudados 13 pacientes com epilepsia refratária de lobo temporal, que realizaram avaliações pré-cirúrgicas no período de abril a outubro de 2004 no Programa de Cirurgia de Epilepsia do Hospital São Lucas da PUCRS. Realizada investigação da dominância hemisférica para linguagem através do TED Consoante-Vogal e da RMf pela geração de verbos. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se a existência de correlação entre os índices de lateralidade (RMf) e os índices de predomínio de orelha e de diferença de resposta (TED) (r=0,6, p=0,02). CONCLUSÃO: Existe correlação entre os resultados obtidos através da RMf (índice de lateralidade) e do TED (índice de predomínio de orelha e índice de diferença de resposta) em pacientes com epilepsia refratária de lobo temporal.

Novas perspectivas na avaliação neuropsicológica em pacientes com epilepsia refratária / News perspectives in epilepsy cirurgy neuropsychological evaluation

Passados mais de 50 anos, desde que Brenda Milner começou a avaliar pacientes com epilepsia refratária, os testes utilizados nos centros de cirurgia de epilepsia são praticamente os mesmos. Pouco progresso ocorreu em relação ao surgimento de novas técnicas e métodos mais sensíveis e específicos para este fim. Parece que alcançamos o máximo com as técnicas padrões que possuímos o que nos leva a concluir, que sem a inclusão de novas metodologias, a possibilidade de diagnósticos mais específicos e fidedignos, não será mais possível. Novos paradigmas precisam ser desenvolvidos, assim como técnicas que permitam o mapeamento de funções cognitivas, como a Ressonância Magnética funcional. Neste artigo, discutimos a investigação neuropsicológica de pacientes com epilepsia refratária e questionamos alguns aspectos da avaliação da linguagem e memória, bem como sua utilidade para predizer a extensão dos déficits de memória que poderão ocorrer após a cirurgia. Além disso, fazemos referência as novas perspectivas de investigação neste contexto.

More than fifth years have passed since Brenda Milner has started the epilepsy surgery neuropsychological evaluation and tests in use nowadays are mostly the same, i.e., there was little if any progress in terms of the development of new and more sensitive or specific methods. We may have reached the maximum of diagnostic differentiation with standard neuropsychological tests, and without inclusion of experimental test condition, more elaborate diagnostics will not be possible. We have examined several issues relevant to the utility of the current evaluation and also, some alternatives to help making surgery more safe in relation to the cognitive functions. We discuss also, the development of new paradigms to activate cortical functions, like functional Magnetic Resonance. In this article, we discuss neuropsychological investigation of patients epilepsy surgery and whether the approach of memory and language evaluation used is useful in predicting the extent of memory deficits following epilepsy surgery. Moreover, we make reference the new perspectives of investigation in this context.

A Preliminary Research on Characteristics of Brain Laterality in Patients with Childhood Onset Schizophrenia / 中国临床心理学杂志

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of brain laterality in patients with childhood onset schizophrenia. Methods: The study employed a dichotic Chinese word listening test(DL) as a chief measure and WISC-R as an assistant measure to examine 16 patients and 20 normal children as controls. Results: DL indicated that the patients differed from the controls in ear advantages and their performances were significantly poorer than the controls in left ear. The performances of the patients on WISC-R showed that their PIQ was significantly lower than VIQ. Conclusion:The patients with childhood onset schizophrenia differed from the controls in brain laterality. They might be involved with right hemisphere impairment.