ABSTRACT
RESUMO: A Educação Especial, no Brasil e em outros lugares do mundo, ao longo de décadas, tem passado por muitas transformações, e novos paradigmas estão sendo criados, outros abandonados, porém muitas questões ainda continuam em aberto. Uma delas refere-se ao ensino na área das Ciências da Natureza para surdos. Com o objetivo de compreender como está ocorrendo o ensino em um dos importantes campos das Ciências Naturais, a Física, este artigo compôs o estado da arte de pesquisas sobre a educação de surdos, nessa área do conhecimento. Para tanto, esta pesquisa bibliográfica utilizou como suporte metodológico a análise de conteúdo de Bardin, com o intuito de identificar tendências em pesquisas que envolvam essa temática, e, como base de dados, foi usado o banco de teses e dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), e os diretórios Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), SciVerse Scopus e Google Acadêmico. Entretanto, foi encontrado um número pequeno de pesquisas em relação ao volume de produções acadêmicas consultadas, ressaltando que existe um grande déficit a ser sanado. Além disso, a maioria das pesquisas encontradas, apesar de apresentarem estratégias de ensino relevantes, não utilizam satisfatoriamente os diferentes níveis de representação de fenômenos físicos, algo que pode eventualmente causar obstáculos de natureza epistemológica e visões inadequadas para os modelos desses fenômenos.
ABSTRACT: Special Education, in Brazil and other places in the world, for decades, has gone through many transformations, and new paradigms are being created, others abandoned, but many questions still remain open. One of them refers to teaching in the area of Natural Sciences for the deaf. In order to understand how teaching is taking place in one of the important fields of Natural Sciences, Physics, this paper composed the state of the art of research on Education for the deaf in this area of knowledge. To this end, this bibliographic research used Bardin's content analysis as methodological support, in order to identify trends in research involving this theme, and as a database, the thesis and dissertation database of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), and the Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), SciVerse Scopus and Google Scholar directories were used. However, a small number of researches were found in relation to the volume of consulted academic productions, pointing out that there is a large deficit to be solved. In addition, most of the research found, despite presenting relevant teaching strategies, does not satisfactorily use the different levels of representation of physical phenomena, something that can eventually cause obstacles of an epistemological nature and inadequate views for the models of these phenomena.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for promoting the management of antibiotics in the hospitals. METHODS:Each 3 hospitals from county second grade class A general hospitals,municipal third grade class A general hospitals and provincial third grade hospitals(including 2 third grade class A general hospitals and one third grade special hospital)in Anhui province were select-ed and respectively included into group A,B,and C. By on-site survey mode,questionnaires were used to investigate and score the situation of antibiotics management in hospitals of 3 groups,and then analyzed statistically. RESULTS:Scoring rate (SR) of overall situation on antibiotics management were 65.33%,89.34% and 86.67% in group A,B and C respectively;group A was statistically significantly lower than group B and C (P0.05). SR of development indicator of antibiotics management were 58.33%,88.90% and 86.10%,respectively in group A,B and C;group A was significantly lower than group B and C (P<0.001). SR of information construction indicator of antibiotics management were 50.00%,83.33% and 77.79% respectively in group A,B and C;group A was significantly lower than group B and C (P≤0.001). SR of information construction indicator of antibiotics management in 3 groups were all signifi-cantly lower than SR of basic situation indicator(P<0.05). SR of development indicator of antibiotics management in group A and C were all significantly lower than SR of basic situation indicator(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The antibiotics management of mu-nicipal third grade class A general hospital is equal to that of provincial third grade hospital,and that of county second grade class A general hospital is in relatively low level. Different levels of hospitals should further strengthen the related antibiotics manage-ment work and information construction,especially for county second grade class A general hospitals.
ABSTRACT
Objective To establish a scientific,actual and practical training system based competency for different levels of nurses.Methods The candidate training system based competency for different levels of nurses were formulated based on literature,semi-structured interviews and expert group discussion.Then,developing the training system based competency for different levels of nurses by two rounds of Delphi consultation.Results The positivity coefficient and authority coefficient of experts was 97.5％ and 0.868,respectively.The index variation range from 0.063 to 0.137 and the coordination coefficient range from 0.384 to 0.702,P ＜ 0.01 of the two rounds.At last,the framework of the training system included five levels,the index system consisted of four first-level indicators and 22,25,24,25,27 second-level indicators for N0 to N4 nurses.Conclusions The formation process of index and each index is scientific,the index system can be used as basis of training courses for different levels of nurses in the hospital.
ABSTRACT
Laboratory animal science teaching has become an indispensable part of medical education.This paper summarized teaching characteristics of laboratory animal science at different levels, including the curriculum setting background, curriculum arrangement as well as assessment methods, in order to provide some references for the teaching staff of laboratory animal science.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the guidance demands of different levels of nursing students in initial stage of clinical practice,and implement student-development-centered and targeted teaching philosophy.Methods Scales and a home-made questionnaire were used to investigate 178 nursing students at different levels and the results underwent statistical analysis.Results In the early internships,guidance needs of psychology and basic knowledge were of consistency in undergraduate and college nursing students.There were some differences in guidance needs between secondary school students and undergraduate and college nursing students.The total average score of stress and all the subscale scores were at low and middle levels.The total average score of communication skills and all the subscale scores were above 2.5 points.The was statistically significant difference in joint participation dimension and verifying dimension.Conclusions Different levels of nursing students at the beginning of practice had different needs of guidance.Teachers should guide nursing students to face and deal with problems,relieve stress,improve communication skills,and handle interpersonal relationships well.Targeted guidance,management and meeting the specific needs of students can improve the effectiveness of teaching.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To improve the management by different levels of antibiotics and to promote rational use of drugs in clinic.METHODS:The hospital information system was reset to make physicians got access to drugs in different levels according to their own ranks.Post investigation was replaced by control and prevention in advance.RESULTS:Utilization rate of antibacterial agents decreased from 45.5%(3 months ago) to 39.7% and rational utilization ratio up to 94.3% from 85.1%.CONCLUSION:This method effectively restrains abuse of antibiotics,economizing manpower,material and management cost.Therefore,management system and regulations of antibacterial agents in our hospital have been carried out.