ABSTRACT
Background: Radiographs are used by orthodontists in the diagnosis of malocclusion, treatment planning and monitoring. These usually reveal presence of dental anomalies that may require further assessment and management. Objective: To investigate the prevalence, types and distribution of dental anomalies seen on the orthopantomograms (OPGs) of orthodontic patients at the University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH).Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional radiographic study of a cohort of orthodontic patients who presented to the Department of Child Dental Health, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria. The data gathered from digital orthopantomograms of the patients was analysed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Statistics for Windows version 25.0. Results: The study comprised 249 patients with an age range of 5-44years (mean age of 14.6±7.7years) comprising 108 (43.4%) males and 141 (56.6%) females.Seventy (28.1%) [(29, 41.4% males), (41, 58.6% females)] of the patients had at least one dental anomaly. Dental anomalies were commonest (48, 68.6%) within 10-19 years age bracket followed by the 0-9 years age bracket (11, 15.7%). The most frequent dental anomaly was taurodontism (43, 61.4%), followed by congenitally missing teeth (8, 11.4%), supernumerary teeth (5, 7.1%), odontoma (4, 5.7%), peg shaped lateral incisors and transposition (2, 2.9%) respectively. Dental anomalies were more frequent in the maxilla (43, 61.4%). Conclusion: The most common dental anomaly was taurodontism. Anomalies were more frequent in female than male patients and in the maxilla than in the mandible
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Orthodontics , Tooth Abnormalities , Radiography, Panoramic , Radiography, Dental, DigitalABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Identification of gender is important in forensic science and anthropology.When entire skull is not available for analysis, mandible may play a vital role in sex determination as it is the strongest bone that resists damage and disintegration. Aims and Objectives: To determine the efficacy of condylar height and coronoid height of mandible for sex determination using orthopantomographs and to compare and determine the most reliable parameter for sex determination. Materials and methods: This study was conducted using digital panoramic images of 100 each in both genders. The images captured were viewed on Kodak software and were subjected to measure the condylar and coronoid heights both on left and right side using Kodak dental imaging software. The data was entered into microsoft excel sheet and statistical analysis was done. Results: Descriptive statistics for condylar and coronoid heights on the right and left sides of mandible in both males and females were analyzed. A statistical significance of P < 0.001 has been demonstrated for all the variables. All variables showed increased measurements in males than in females. The accuracy of sex determination forcondylar height is 82.5% on right side and 78% on left side and for coronoid height it is 74% on right side and 73% on left side. Conclusion: The parameters such as condylar height and coronoid height using orthopantomographs are reliable in gender determination and the condylar height of the right side is the best parameter in gender determination.
ABSTRACT
Objective To select the indexes of forensic identification in digital orthopantomogram and formulate the full dentition pattern code.Methods To collect randomly 620 samples with dental interventions and 150 samples with dental pathological changes but without therapy.Then to observe and compare them respectively,select indexes for full dentition patterns according to the dental physiological variations,pathological changes and interventions Finally the diversity of the full dentition patterns in two groups would be evaluated by statistical analysis.Results The group with dental interventions had 619 kinds of dental pattern in 620 samples,its diversity of full dentition patterns was 99.84%.The group with dental pathological changes but without therapy had 146 kinds of dental pattern in 150 samples,thus its diversity of full dentition patterns was 97.33%.Conclusion These full dentition pattern indexes were valuable in the forensic identification of persons with abnormal teeth.