ABSTRACT
Many studies have shown that high myopia is strongly hnked with glaucoma.Besides,due to its own characteristics of longer axial length,deeper anterior chamber depth and wider chamber angle width,high myopia is often more likely to develop a complication of primary open-angle glaucoma.However,the early fundus changes induced by glaucoma might be concealed by the fundus changes induced by high degree myopia because the latter itself could also induce a series of fundus changes.As a consequence,a deep understanding of the clinical features and diagnosis of high myopia with primary open-angle glaucoma is particularly essential in making early diagnosis as well as reducing missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.This article summarizes the clinical features of high myopia with primary open-angle glaucoma to enhance understanding of such diseases and provide a basis for the early diagnosis of the diseases.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Optic disc edema in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) and optic neuritis (ON) have overlapping features. To determine whether characteristics of optic nerve swelling help to differentiate ON from AION. METHODS: A medical records were reviewed retrospectively for the patients who had been diagnosed as AION or ON in which photographs for acute phase were available. Color of optic disc, distribution of edema, presence of hemorrhage and caliber of artery and vein was analyzed in each fundus photograph. RESULTS: AION was diagnosed clinically in 67% of the cases with altitudinal edema, in 77% of the cases with disc hemorrhage, in 87.5% of the cases with pallid optic disc and in 77% of the cases with vascular abnormality. A pale optic disc with hemorrhage, regardless of the type of edema, always represented AION (100%). Normal-colored optic disc without hemorrhage always also represented optic neuritis (100%). CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of disc characteristics may enhance diagnostic accuracy and help to differentiate AION from ON.