Chronic papilledema in a child with classical tuberous sclerosis

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a neurocutaneous syndrome manifesting as hamartomas in various organs. Vision loss in patients with TSC may occur due to astrocytic hamartoma affecting macula or Optic nerve. Rarely papilledema due to supbependymal nodule may result in bilateral pale disc and subsequent vision loss. We report a patient with vision loss due to papilledema secondary to subependymal nodule.

Cupped disc with normal intraocular pressure: The long road to avoid misdiagnosis.

We present a series of six patients who had been receiving treatment for normal tension glaucoma (NTG; five patients) or primary open angle glaucoma (one patient). All of them were found to have optic neuropathy secondary to compression of the anterior visual pathway. Even though uncommon, compression of the anterior visual pathway is an important differential diagnosis of NTG. Diagnosis of NTG should be by exclusion. Here the possible causes of misdiagnosis are discussed. We present an approach to distinguish glaucomatous from nonglaucomatous optic neuropathy. The article also emphasizes how important it is for the clinicians to consider the total clinical picture, and not merely the optic disc morphology, to avoid the mismanagement of glaucoma, especially the NTG.