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OBJECTIVE To establish the infrared fingerprints of Achyranthes bidentata from different producing areas ，and to conduct multivariate statistical analysis. METHODS The infrared fingerprints of 61 batches of A. bidentata samples were established by Spectrum for Window 3.02 and OMNIC 9.2 software. Taking the relative peak height of common peaks of infrared fingerprint as the variable ，the normal distribution analysis was carried out by Excel 2016 software；SPSS 22.0 software was used for cluster analysis and principal component analysis ，and the comprehensive score was calculated ；the orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis was carried out by SIMCA 14.1 software，and the marker wave numbers affecting the quality of A. bidentata were screened by taking the variable importance in projection （VIP）＞1 as the standard. RESULTS The correlation coefficients of infrared spectra of 61 batches of A. bidentata samples were 0.967 2-0.997 7；there were 13 common peaks. The results of normal distribution analysis showed that the normal distribution curve of relative peak height of common peaks for A. bidentata from Henan and Hebei did not cross ，and the normal distribution curve of A. bidentata from Henan and Inner Mongolia crossed. The results of cluster analysis showed that when the distance between groups was 15，61 batches of A. bidentata samples could be clustered into 3 categories，including N 1-N12 were clustered into one category ，N13-N45 were clustered into one category，and N 46-N61 were clustered into one category. The results of principal component analysis showed that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the first three principal components was 91.121％；comprehensive score of qq.com A. bidentata （number N 40） in Jiabu village ，Jiaozuo City ， Henan Province was the highest （2.39）， and that of A.bidentata（number N 4）in Xin ’an village ，Anguo City ，Hebei Province was the lowest （－2.89）. The results of orthogonal 163.com partial least squares-discriminant analysis showed that 61 batches of A. bidentata samples were divided into three categories ，including N 1-N12 were clustered into one category ，N13-N28 were clustered into one category and N 29-N61 were clustered into one category. Seven marker wave numbers affecting the quality were selected. The corresponding wave numbers of VIP from large to small were 1 059，927，2 933，813，1 732，1 128 and 3 367 cm－1，1 732 cm－1 was the characteristic obsorption peak of saponins ，1 059，1 128，927 cm－1 were the characteristic obsorption peaks of glycosides. CONCLUSIONS Infrared fingerprint combined with normal distribution analysis ，cluster analysis ，principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis can be used to identify A. bidentata from different producing areas.
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【Objective】 To apply the spatial distribution analysis based on ArcGIS software, which has been applied widely in other fields, so as to analyze the intended locations for whole blood donation. 【Methods】 After a random stratified sampling was conducted among blood donors in the 17 donation sites during August 1st, 2021- July 30th, 2022, their intended blood donation locations were collected by an e-questionnaire. Addresses of donors′ intended donation locations were derived for GCJ-02 coordinates form and transformed by pandas module of Python to WGS84 coordinates, which further loaded to ArcGIS Arcmap module using Grouping Analysis for 17 median centers. The addresses of 17 blood donation sites in Guangzhou Blood Center were transformed to WGS84 coordinates and loaded to ArcGIS Arcmap module using the same methods for 3 ring buffer analysis. The criterion for judging whether the two were " matched" was whether the intended blood donation sites were covered by or adjacent to the 3 ring buffer zone of the existing blood donation sites. 【Results】 Of the 17 potential sites obtained from the spatial distribution analysis of 40 523 valid addresses of donors, 8 sites were covered or adjacent to the buffer of the existing donation sites, while the other 9 sites were far away from the existing donation sites. 【Conclusion】 By analyzing the spatial distribution of donors′ intended donation addresses, we can find out the service needs of donors for donating blood conveniently, which can provide basis for further blood donation service optimization.
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OBJECTIVE: To prepare, the conjugated linoleic acid-paclitaxel conjugate self-assembled nanoparticles (CLA-PTX NPs) by nanoprecipitation. METHODS: The Dynamic light scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, raman spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nitrogen element distribution of CLA-PTX NPs were studied. RESULTS: The hydroxyl groups (C-4 and C-10 of PTX) and the acetyl groups (C-1 and C-7 of PTX) were on the surface of CLA-PTX NPs, CLA carbon chain, the benzene ring (C-2 and C-3' of PTX) and the amide bond (C-3' of PTX) were inside the CLA-PTX NPs. CONCLUSION: It is speculated that the self-assembly of CLA-PTX is that the non-polar CLA carbon chain spontaneously aggregates inward due to hydrophobic interaction, and the hydrophilic oxygen-containing groups of PTX (hydroxyl group and carbonyl group) are on the surface of the nanoparticle to form nanoparticles.
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Objective: To understand the distribution and treatment of malaria patients, and the characteristics of sampled hospitals in thephase of eradication of malaria,and provide support for medical resources allocation in the later stages of malaria eradication phase. On this basis, this study aims at promoting the realization of the ultimate goal of total eradication of malaria in China by 2020. Methods : A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used. A total number of 102 hospitals in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan, Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces were selected to collect original information on in-patient and out-patient of malaria in terms of medical records and treatment costs during the periodfrom January 1st 2014 toDecember 31th2016. In order to conduct accurate statistical analysis, Excel 2016, SPSS 20. 0 and other Software were used. Results: The survey results collected a total number of 1633 malaria patients, and these patients showed a W-shaped distribution during the months of treatment. Most of malaria patients from Henan and Sichuan Provinceswere diagnosed as having been affected by falciparum and vivax malaria, and their number sharply increased. This is paper also revealed the ratios of malaria patientsin terms of their choice of health services,namely from tertiary hospitals, municipal medical institutions and provincial medical institutions; those were77.10％,52.05％ and 23.58％,respectively. Conclusions : A new period of peak incidence of malariais detected from 2014 to 2016. With hospitals' line of malaria defending ability shrinking,it was found that malaria treatment capacitiesare relatively concentrated in the high level hospitals,which plays a greater role when it comes to the prevention and control of malaria. It is recommended that regional malaria treatment lines should be built,and severe malaria treatment knowledge trainingsshould be prepared and attended in mass in orderto improve malaria treatment capacities.
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Objective To detect infection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis and examine effection of treatment to prepare monoclonal antibodies(McAbs). Methods Six-week-old BALB/c mice were imrnunized by the intraperitoneal injection of e/s antigens of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Fusion of splecn cells from immunized mice with prepared SP2/0-Ag14 myeloma cells was performed in RPMI 1640. Fused cells were suspended in RPMI 1640 containing 1% HAT and 20% fetal calf serum and dispensed into 96-well cell culture plates. The supernatants of clones were screened by ELISA with sera of patients of angiostrongyliasis.Distribution of cohere antigen of 12D5 and 21B7 monoclonal antibodies was analyzed with immunohistochemistry. Two McAbs ( 12D5 and 21B7) were applied to detect the circulating antigen (CAg) in the sera of rats infected with A. cantonensis and angiostrongyliasis patients respectively by double antibody sandwich ELISA.Results 12D5 McAb was identified as IgG1 and 21 B7 McAb was IgM. Western blot result showed two McAbs could used to identified 55 × 103 protein of adult worms of A. cantonensis. Cohere antigen of 12D5 and 21B7 monoclonal antibodies were distributed on intestine surface of A. cantonensis. The detection rates of CAg in the sera of infected rats 100% (48/48), the detection rates of CAg in the sera of angiostrongyliasis patients was 100% (32/32). No cross-reaction to sera of patients with other infection of parasites, such as clonochiasis, fasiolopsiasis, ancylostomiasis, trichinosis, anisakiasis as well as schsitosomiasis, and health srea did not reacted with 12D5 and 21B7 McAbs,and detaction rate of antibody of angiostrongyliasis patients only reached 75% (24/32) with antigen of A. cantonensis. Conclusion Cohere antigen of 12D5 and 21B7monoclonal antibodies were antigens of enteric epithelium. Sandwich ELISA with 12D5 and 21B7 McAbs showed high specificity act as detecting CAg of A. cantonensis in sera of infection animal and patients. It is apparent that Sandwich ELISA with 12D5 and 21 B7 is not only rapid and simple without requirement of special instrument, but also rather sensitive and specific for the detection of current infection with A. cantonensis.