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1.
Indian Pediatr ; 2022 May; 59(5): 377-379
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-225329

ABSTRACT

Objective: To look for bacterial colonization of parts of home nebulizers used for children with recurrent wheeze and asthma. Methods: Children aged 1 mo-12 y, using home nebulizers for recurrent cough and wheeze were enrolled from May to October, 2019. Caregivers were administered a structured questionnaire by a single researcher, during their hospital visit, to elicit information on their nebulizer cleaning practices. Samples were taken from nebulizer medicine chamber and tubing for bacterial culture and sensitivity. Results: Bacterial growth was observed in 17 culture samples obtained from medicine chamber and/or tubing of nebulizers used by 12 (20.3%) out of the 59 enrolled children. The bacteria isolated were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus (Methicillin resistant S. aureus and Coagulase negative staphylococci) and these were resistant to many of the commonly used antimicrobials. Almost 20% parents had never cleaned the nebulizers. Diluent re-use was significantly associated with bacterial colonization of nebulizer parts [AOR (95% CI) 20.6 (2.26-188.5); P=0.007]. Conclusion: Home nebulizers, if not cleaned properly as per set protocols, may get colonized with potentially harmful bacteria. There is a need to increase awareness about their proper use amongst parents of children with recurrent wheeze.

2.
Rev. colomb. enferm ; 19(3): 1-16, Dic 11, 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1147749

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La calidad de los servicios de salud se mide con indicadores que permiten encontrar oportunidades de mejora, datos clínicos y no clínicos de relevancia, información epidemiológica y calidad percibida del servicio brindado. Los cuidados paliativos pueden ofrecerse en distintas modalidades, siendo los cuidados domiciliarios una ruta novedosa que permite el cuidado del paciente lejos del intervencionismo hospitalario; los indicadores que evalúan la calidad de esta modalidad varían respecto a los servicios intramurales. Objetivo: describir los indicadores de calidad en salud utilizados para evaluar los servicios de cuidados paliativos domiciliarios según la literatura consultada. Método: revisión sistemática de la literatura científica disponible sobre los indicadores de calidad en salud para los cuidados paliativos domiciliarios. Para valorar la calidad metodológica se usó la lista CASPe. Resultados:se encontraron 47 indicadores que evalúan la calidad de los servicios de atención domiciliaria paliativa, siendo los indicadores de resultados los que tuvieron mayor presencia. Dentro de los indicadores se midieron diversos aspectos de los cuidados paliativos como manejo de síntomas, visitas domiciliarias por personal especializado, lugar de muerte elegido, eventos relacionados con la seguridad del paciente y disponibilidad de medicamentos. Conclusiones: La medición del lugar de fallecimiento y la presencia de síntomas aun con un tratamiento farmacológico establecido fueron dos de los indicadores más encontrados. Se observó una medición al personal médico y enfermero superior al resto de profesionales que conforman el equipo multidisciplinario de cuidados paliativos, se encontraron algunos indicadores específicos para pacientes con patologías oncológicas


Introduction: Quality of health services is measured by indicators that make it possible to find improvement opportunities, relevant clinical and non-clinical data, epidemiological information, and perceived quality of the provided service. Palliative care can be offered in different forms; home-based care is a novel path that enables patients to be cared for far from hospital interventionism; the quality indicators that assess this form of care vary from those that assess intramural services. Objective: To describe quality indicators for health care used to assess home-based palliative care services, according to the literature consulted. Method: Systematic review of the available scientific literature on quality indicators for home-based palliative care. The CASPe list was used to assess methodological quality. Results: 47 indicators for quality assessment of home-based palliative care services were found; outcome indicators had the greatest presence. Among the indicators, different aspects of palliative care were measured, such as symptom management, home visits by specialized personnel, chosen place of death, events related to patient safety, and medication availability. Conclusions: Measurements for the place of death and presence of symptoms, even with a determined pharmacological treatment, were the two most frequently found indicators. A measurement of medical and nursing personnel higher than the rest of the professionals that make up the palliative multidisciplinary team was observed, some specific indicators were found for patients with oncological pathologies


Introdução: A qualidade dos serviços de saúde é medida com indicadores que permitem encontrar oportunidades de melhoria, dados clínicos e não clínicos de relevância, informação epidemiológica e qualidade percebida do serviço prestado. Os cuidados paliativos podem ser oferecidos em diferentes modalidades, sendo o atendimento domiciliar uma rota inovadora que permite o atendimento ao paciente longe do intervencionismo hospitalar; os indicadores que avaliam a qualidade dessa modalidade variam no que diz respeito aos serviços intramuros. Objetivo: descrever os indicadores de qualidade de saúde utilizados para avaliar os serviços de cuidados paliativos domiciliares segundo a literatura consultada. Método: revisão sistemática da literatura científica disponível sobre indicadores de qualidade em saúde em cuidados paliativos domiciliares. Para avaliar a qualidade metodológica foi utilizada a guia CASPe. Resultados: foram encontrados 47 indicadores que avaliam a qualidade dos serviços de atenção paliativa domiciliar, sendo os indicadores de resultado os que tiveram maior presença. Dentro dos indicadores mediram-se vários aspectos dos cuidados paliativos, como manejo dos sintomas, visitas domiciliares pelo pessoal especializado, local de preferência para o óbito, eventos relacionados com a segurança do paciente e disponibilidade de medicamentos. Conclusões: A medição do local do óbito e a presença de sintomas, mesmo com o tratamento farmacológico estabelecido, foram dois dos indicadores mais encontrados. Observou-se uma medição à equipe médica e de enfermagem superior ao restante dos profissionais que compõem a equipe multiprofissional de cuidados paliativos. Acharam-se alguns indicadores específicos para pacientes com patologias oncológicas


Subject(s)
Palliative Care , Attention , Indicators (Statistics) , Systematic Review , House Calls , Indicators and Reagents
3.
Rev. cienc. cuidad ; 16(3): 34-46, 2019.
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL, BDENF | ID: biblio-1021474

ABSTRACT

Objective: Describe the profile and clinical indicators of people from a domiciliary anticoagulation program in the city of Bogota, during a year of monitoring. Materials and methods: Quantitative study of descriptive scope. The population was made of 66 people from the program, who met the inclusion criteria and were cared for a year. Some of the measured variables were: type of anticoagulant, anticoagulation indications, functional compromise, risk of bleeding and time in therapeutic range. The information was obtained from monthly statistics from the program, univariate analyzed, reporting frequency distributions and ethical aspects were protected for the health research. Results: 66 patients older than 60 years of age that received Warfa-rin were attended and the main symptom was atrial fibrillation. The patients reached the therapeutic target in the first 9 days, achieving 70% of time in the therapeutic range, and no adverse events were presented although being at intermediate-high risk of bleeding, severe functional detriment and high comorbidity. Conclusion: The permanent monitoring of coagulation time, availability of additional controls, fast ad-justments in the anticoagulation doses, health education and a direct communication channel between the patient, the family, and the healthcare team, could improve the clinical indicators of anticoagulated patients.


Objetivo: Describir el perfil e indicadores clínicos de las personas pertenecientes a un programa domiciliario de anticoagulación en la ciudad de Bogotá, durante un año de seguimiento. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo de alcance descriptivo. La población estuvo integrada por 66 personas pertenecientes al programa, quienes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y fueron atendidas durante un año. Algunas va-riables medidas fueron: tipo de anticoagulante, indicación de anticoagulación, com-promiso funcional, riesgo de sangrado y tiempo en rango terapéutico. La información fue obtenida de la estadística mensual del programa, analizada de forma univariada, reportando distribución de frecuencias, y se salvaguardaron los aspectos éticos para la investigación en salud. Resultados: Se atendieron 66 pacientes mayores de 60 años que recibían warfarina y la indicación principal fue fibrilación auricular. Las personas alcan-zaron la meta terapéutica en los primeros 9 días, logrando un 70 % del tiempo en rango terapéutico, y no se presentaron eventos adversos a pesar de tener riesgo intermedio-alto de sangrado, deterioro severo de la funcionalidad y alta comorbilidad. Conclusión: El monitoreo permanente de tiempos de coagulación, disponibilidad de controles adicionales, ajustes rápidos en la dosis de anticoagulante, educación en salud y un canal directo de comunicación entre el paciente, la familia y el equipo de salud, podrían mejorar los indicadores clínicos de las personas anticoaguladas


Objetivo: Descrever o perfil e indicadores clínicos das pessoas que conformam um programa de as-sistência domiciliar de anticoagulação na cidade de Bogotá, realizada em um ano de acompanhamen-to. Materiais e métodos: Estudo quantitativo descritivo. A amostra esteve composta por 66 pessoas que pertenceram ao programa e foram acompanhadas por um ano. Algumas variáveis aferidas foram: tipo de anticoagulante, indicações da anticoagulação, comprometimento funcional, risco de sangra-mento e tempo no rango terapêutico. As aferições realizaram-se todo mês e a análise realizou-se de forma univariada, reportando distribuições de frequências. Foram considerados os aspectos éticos para a pesquisa em saúde. Resultados: Atenderam-se 66 pessoas maiores de 60 anos que receberam warfarina e a indicação foi o diagnóstico de fibrilação auricular. As pessoas conquistaram as metas terapêuticas e não apresentaram complicações nos primeiros 9 dias de tratamento, além de obter 70% de tempo do rango terapêutico. Também não houve eventos adversos embora o risco intermeio-alto de sangramento, deterioro da funcionalidade ou alta morbidade. Conclusão: O acompanhamento permanente dos tempos de coagulação, a disponibilidade de atendimentos adicionais, ajustes rápidos nas dosagens do anticoagulante, a educação em saúde e a comunicação direta entre o paciente à família e a equipe de saúde, poderão melhorar os indicadores clínicos das pessoas anticoaguladas


Subject(s)
House Calls , Patients , Anticoagulants , Nursing Care
4.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2019. 191 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1418394

ABSTRACT

O estudo tem como objeto estratégias para gestão do cuidado no processo de desospitalização da pessoa com câncer em cuidados paliativos na perspectiva da equipe multiprofissional e unidade familiar. Objetivo geral: Propor uma tecnologia para gestão do cuidado no processo de desospitalização da pessoa com câncer em cuidados paliativos na perspectiva da unidade familiar e equipe multiprofissional. Objetivos específicos: analisar a percepção da unidade familiar e equipe multiprofissional acerca do processo de desospitalização em cuidados paliativos oncológicos; descrever os elementos constitutivos de uma proposta de tecnologia para a gestão do cuidado no processo de desospitalização da pessoa com câncer em cuidados paliativos construída com a equipe multiprofissional, a partir das percepções identificadas; analisar a aplicabilidade da proposta de tecnologia para gestão do cuidado no processo de desospitalização da pessoa com câncer em cuidados paliativos na perspectiva da equipe multiprofissional. Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem qualitativa, amparado na Pesquisa Convergente Assistencial (PCA), que seguiu os passos sequenciais: concepção, instrumentação, perscrutação, análise e interpretação. Os participantes da pesquisa foram os membros da equipe multiprofissional e as pessoas com câncer e seus familiares, denominados neste estudo como unidades familiares. O estudo foi realizado em três fases, sendo a Fase 1 a realização dos pequenos grupos com a equipe multiprofissional e unidades familiares; na Fase 2 procedeu-se a observação participante e aprofundamento do fenômeno através do Programa de Doutorado Sanduíche em Portugal; na Fase 3 procedeu-se o trabalho com a equipe com vistas a reconfiguração do processo de desospitalização da pessoa com câncer em cuidados paliativos. O estudo possibilitou, após as aproximações e conexões de elementos comuns expressos nos dois grupos estudados, gerando as categorias e sub-categorias de análise sendo estas: 1.Desvelando o processo de trabalho da equipe multiprofissional na desospitalização da pessoa com câncer em cuidados paliativos: A (des)ordem na transição do cuidar do hospital para o domicílio. 2. In(certezas) no cotidiano do processo de desospitalização da unidade familiar no cuidado paliativo oncológico, tendo como subcategorias - A incerteza e as representações do câncer e a (des)ordem no cotidiano das incertezas no processo de desospitalização da pessoa com câncer em cuidados paliativos. A auto-indagação aliada à busca por soluções apresentadas pela equipe refletiram em um caminhar com elaboração de mudanças na prática assistencial e gerencial, bem como a construção de um conceito para a "desospitalização". Pautada no referencial de Edgar Morin, olhando para a multidimensionalidade deste universo de desospitalização e da necessidade de múltiplos saberes para a composição de um processo que contemplasse o humano e complexo, a tese que se defende neste estudo foi confirmada: a proposição de uma tecnologia para a gestão do cuidado no processo de desospitalização da pessoa com câncer em cuidados paliativos é possível, a partir de estratégias construídas com a equipe multiprofissional em consonância com as necessidades das unidades familiares que integram esse processo, contemplando as incertezas e os elementos inerentes ao processo de transição, permeados por especificidades filosóficas, clínicas e organizacionais.


This study it has as object the strategies for management of the care in the process of transistion of the care of the person with cancer in palliative cares in the perspective of the multiprofessional team and familiar unit, having as objective generality: To consider a technology for management of the care in the process of transistion of the care of the person with cancer in palliative cares in the perspective of the familiar unit and has equipped multiprofessional. They are objective specific: To describe the perception of the familiar unit and has multiprofessional team concerning the process of transistion of the care in oncológicos palliative cares; To analyze the constituent elements of a proposal for the management of the care in the process of transistion of the care of the person with cancer in palliative cares constructed with the multiprofessional team from the identified perceptions; To argue limits and possibilities for implantation of the proposal of technology for management of the care in the process of transistion of the care of the person with cancer in palliative cares in the perspective of the multiprofessional team. One is about a study with qualitative boarding, supported in (PCA), that it followed the sequential steps: conception, instrumentation, analysis and interpretation. The participants of the research had been the members of the multiprofessional team and the people with cancer and its familiar ones, called in this study as familiar units. The study the Phase was carried through in three phases, being 1 the accomplishment of the small groups with the multiprofessional team and familiar units; in Phase 2 it was proceeded participant comment and deepening from the phenomenon through the Program of Doutorate Sandwich in Portugal; in Phase 3 the work with the team with sights was proceeded the reconfiguration from the desospitalização process of the person with cancer in palliative cares. The study it made possible, after the approaches and connections of express common elements in the two studied groups, generating the categories and sub-categories of analysis being these: Revealing the work process of a multiprofessional team in the dehospitalization of persons with cancer in palliative care: The (dis)order in the transition of care from hospital to home. 2. In(certainties) in the daily life of the process of dehospitalization of the family unit in palliative care cancer patients, having as subcategories - The uncertainty and the representations of cancer and (dis)order in the daily life of the uncertainties in the process of dehospitalization of people with cancer in palliative care. Self-inquiry is allied to the search for solutions presented by the team reflected on a hike with the preparation of changes in care practice and management, as well as the construction of a concept for the "dehospitalization". Based on the referential of Edgar Morin, looking to the multidimensionality of this universe of hospitalization and the need for multiple knowledges to the composition of a process that would take into account the human and complex, the thesis that is defended in this study was confirmed: the proposition of a technology for the management of care in the process of dehospitalization of people with cancer in palliative care is possible, from strategies built with the multidisciplinary team in line with the needs of the family units that make up this process, taking into account the uncertainties and the elements inherent in the transition process, permeated by the specifics of the philosophical, clinical, and organizational.


Cette étude a pour objet de stratégies pour la gestion des soins dans le processus de dehospitalization des personnes atteintes de cancer en soins palliatifs du point de vue de l'équipe multiprofessionnelle et l'unité de la famille, ayant comme objectif général: de Proposer une technologie pour la gestion des soins de santé dans le processus de dehospitalization des personnes atteintes de cancer en soins palliatifs du point de vue de l'unité de la famille et de l'équipe multidisciplinaire. Sont objectifs spécifiques:Décrire la perception de l'unité de la famille et l'équipe pluridisciplinaire sur le processus de dehospitalization en soins palliatifs pour le cancer; Analyser les éléments clés d'une proposition pour la gestion des soins dans le processus de dehospitalization des personnes atteintes de cancer en soins palliatifs construit avec une équipe multidisciplinaire de l'perceptions identifié, Discuter les limites et les possibilités de déploiement de la technologie proposée pour la gestion des soins dans le processus de dehospitalization des personnes atteintes de cancer en soins palliatifs du point de vue de l'équipe multiprofessionnelle. C'est une étude avec une approche qualitative, pris en charge dans la Recherche, Convergents de l'Aide (PCA), qui a suivi les étapes séquentielles: conception, instrumentation, perscrutação, de l'analyse et de l'interprétation. Les participants à la recherche ont été les membres de l'équipe pluridisciplinaire et les personnes atteintes de cancer et leurs familles, visées dans cette étude comme des unités famili'étude a été menée en trois phases, la Phase 1 de la réalisation des petits groupes avec l'équipe pluriprofessionnelle et les unités de la famille; dans la Phase 2, a été réalisée l'observation participante et de l'étude approfondie du phénomène à travers le Programme de Doctorat Sandwich au Portugal; à la Phase 3 a été effectué le travail avec l'équipe en vue de la reconfiguration des processus de dehospitalization des personnes atteintes de cancer en soins palliatifs. L'étude a permis, après les approches et les connexions des éléments communs, comme exprimé dans les deux groupes étudiés, générant les catégories et sous-catégories de l'analyse et ce sont: 1.Révélant le processus de travail d'une équipe pluriprofessionnelle, dans le dehospitalization des personnes atteintes de cancer en soins palliatifs: Le (dés)ordre dans la transition des soins de l'hôpital à la maison. 2. (Certitudes) dans la vie quotidienne du processus de dehospitalization de l'unité de la famille dans les soins palliatifs les patients atteints de cancer, ayant comme sous-catégories - les incertitudes et Les représentations du cancer et (dés)ordre dans la vie quotidienne de la des incertitudes dans le processus de dehospitalization des personnes atteintes de cancer en soins palliatifs. L'auto-examen est lié à la recherche de solutions présentées par l'équipe réfléchie sur une randonnée avec la préparation de changements dans la pratique des soins et de la gestion, ainsi que la construction d'un concept pour la "dehospitalization". Basé sur le référentiel d'Edgar Morin, à la recherche de la multidimensionnalité de cet univers de l'hospitalisation et de la nécessité pour de multiples connaissances sur la composition d'un processus qui permettrait de prendre en compte l'humain et complexe, la thèse qui est défendue dans cette étude a été confirmée: la proposition d'une technologie pour la gestion des soins dans le processus de dehospitalization des personnes atteintes de cancer en soins palliatifs est possible, à partir de stratégies construit avec l'équipe pluridisciplinaire en ligne avec les besoins de la famille unités qui composent ce processus, en prenant en compte les incertitudes et les éléments inhérents au processus de transition, marquée par les spécificités de la philosophie, de la clinique et de l'organisation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Palliative Care , Patient Care Team , Patient Discharge , Patients , Family , Quality of Life , Health Strategies , Hospice Care , Caregivers , Total Quality Management , Qualitative Research , Humanization of Assistance , Workflow , Transitional Care , Health Policy , Hospitalization , Medical Oncology , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/therapy
5.
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing ; (36): 2112-2115, 2018.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-697304

ABSTRACT

Objective To ensure the effectiveness and safety of domiciliary subcutaneous injection of biological agents, a safety implementation process was constructed for the treatment of patients with rheumatic diseases by domiciliary subcutaneous injection of biological agents. Methods Based on analyzing the existing clinical work and consulting the relevant documents, using Delphi expert consultation method, 10 experts and 30 patients were treated with 2 rounds of questionnaire to conduction. Results After 2 rounds of expert consultation, the safety implementation process was developed, including 7 items and 27 sub-items. The positive coefficient of the experts was 100% and 90%respectively, the authority coefficient was 0.84, and the sub projects coordination coefficient was 0.454. Conclusions On the clauses in the safety implementation process of the domiciliary subcutaneous injection of biological agents in the Department of rheumatism which constructed with the Delphi method, experts opinions was consistence, having high credibility of the research results. By systematically managing the home patients who receiving the injective biological agents, transferring the part of the simple treatment from the hospital to the home was acceptance, the effectiveness and safety of domiciliary injection was improved.

6.
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing ; (36): 1231-1235, 2018.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-697180

ABSTRACT

Objective Based on the Kabat-Zinn's mindfulness decompression therapy and Teasdale's mindfulness cognitive therapy,and using the solution-focused approach as the frame structure,we establish comprehensive,standard mindfulness interventions scheme of domiciliary patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,which can provide the basis for the development of the community and residential care.Methods Twenty-six experts were selected as the target of the study and two rounds of correspondence were used to establish the final mindfulness intervention plan of the domiciliary patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Meanwhile,the reliability and representativeness of the consultation are tested by using the coordination degree,positive coefficient and authoritative coefficient of expert opinions.Results The positive coefficient of the two round correspondence experts were 88.46%(23/26)and 100.00%(23/23),and the expert authority coefficient was 0.90 and 0.91.The variation coefficient of the indicators after two rounds of expert consultation was 0.04-0.14,the coordination coefficient of experts was 0.32(P<0.01)and 0.59(P<0.01)respectively.The final construct of domiciliary patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with the intervention programme consists of 5 steps,25 entries,which was suitable for the positive reading intervention scheme.Conclusions The results show that experts enquiry for representative and high credibility,and the mindfulness intervention plan of domiciliary patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is scientific and practical.

7.
Chinese Journal of Nursing ; (12): 1241-1246, 2017.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-666454

ABSTRACT

Objective To explore the effects of nursing intervention based on domiciliary oxygen therapy tracking tables (DOTT) quantitative classification on domiciliary oxygen in elderly patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods Forty-two cases of elderly patients with stable COPD treated by domiciliary oxygen therapy from January 2015 to March 2015 were selected as the experimental group,and were given bilateral nasal catheter domiciliary oxygen therapy,and were provided domiciliary oxygen therapy management,nursing education and intervention according to results of family oxygen therapy compliance,symptom identification and oxygen safety,and family oxygen therapy confidence evaluated by family oxygen therapy tracking table.Other 30 cases of patients with stable COPD treated by bilateral nasal catheter domiciliary oxygen therapy and routine nursing during the same period of time were selected as the control group.Both groups were provided nursing care for at least 6 months.Nursing adherence,acute episode,patient satisfaction,and quality of life score before and after nursing of two groups were compared.Results Compared with the control group,nursing adherence and patient satisfaction after 6 months in the experimental group were higher,while rate of patients with acute episodes ≥ 2 times in the experimental group was lower (P<0.05).Compared with that before nursing intervention,quality of life scores of two groups after nursing intervention were lower(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,quality of life scores of the experimental group were all decreased (P<0.05).Conclusion Nursing intervention based on domiciliary oxygen therapy tracking tables quantitative classification can effectively reduce the incidence of acute episodes,improve patient's nursing compliance,patient satisfaction,and quality of life.

8.
Ciênc. cuid. saúde ; 13(3): 8, 2014-10-23.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1122050

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo é descrever os serviços de atenção domiciliar de Belo Horizonte e analisar o papel da enfermagem nesse cenário de atuação, discutindo as implicações para a formação de enfermeiros. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-exploratório de abordagem qualitativa realizado em serviços de atenção domiciliar públicos e privados no município de Belo Horizonte/MG. Realizaram-se entrevistas com os coordenadores dos programas e estudos de casos de pacientes assistidos no domicílio. Os resultados indicam, frente às características do trabalho na atenção domiciliar, a inclusão na formação de temáticas que abordam a família em seu contexto de vida, a inclusão dos usuários na construção e na implementação dos projetos terapêuticos domiciliares e o uso de novos recursos e formas para o cuidado tais como o gerenciamento de casos crônicos e os cuidados paliativos


This study aims to describe the various types of professional home care service as well as to analyse their insertion and their effect on the nurses' training.It is a descriptive exploratory research with a qualitative approach carried out in different home care services.The coordinators of the home care service programme were interviewed and the cases of patients assisted at home were studied.The results indicated that home care has specific needs and characteristics that ought to be addressed by the formative nursing training:how to approach the family in their life context, how to include the patients in the construction and implementation of home therapeutic projects and the use of new health care methods and resources, such as management of the chronic cases and palliative care

9.
Rev. cuba. hig. epidemiol ; 52(1): 98-105, ene.-abr. 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-735311

ABSTRACT

Introducción: las evaluaciones son vitales para el éxito de cualquier programa, al medir y analizar el cumplimiento de los objetivos trazados. Es necesario establecer un mecanismo de evaluación para sus tres componentes: estructura, proceso y resultados. Objetivo: evaluar Programa Nacional de Control de la Tuberculosis en Bauta (2006). Métodos: con un diseño de estudio evaluativo retrospectivo, se definieron criterios y variables, escala de clasificación, descripción operacional con indicadores y estándar, en las tres dimensiones. La información procedió de entrevistas, registros estadísticos, historias epidemiológicas, y el instrumento para su recogida fueron hojas de datos. Resultados: el 40 por ciento de los criterios destacó la cobertura médica y el nivel de capacitación de los médicos. El 57,1 por ciento reflejó la poca actividad educativa de médicos y enfermeras, así como los tiempos prolongados entre comienzo de la enfermedad y el diagnóstico e inicio del control de foco. El 44,4 por ciento reflejó las deficiencias identificadas. Estos procesos fueron identificados como no aceptables. Conclusiones: el Programa Nacional de Control de la Tuberculosis durante el año 2006, se evaluó como mal, debido a que cada dimensión fue evaluada de igual manera(AU)


Introduction: evaluations are crucial to the success of any program, for they measure and analyze the fulfillment of the intended objectives. It is necessary to set up an evaluation mechanism for the three components of the program: structure, process and outcomes. Objective: Evaluate the National Tuberculosis Control Program in the municipality of Bauta (2006). Methods: using a retrospective evaluative method, the following items were defined for the three dimensions: criteria and variables, rating scale, and operational description with indicators and standards. The information was obtained from interviews, statistical records and epidemiological histories, and it was recorded on data sheets. Results: 40 percent of the criteria referred to medical coverage and physicians' professional training. 57.1 percent referred to the insufficient instructional activity of doctors and nurses, as well as the long time elapsed between the onset of the disease and its diagnosis and control. 44.4 percent referred to the deficiencies identified. These processes were evaluated as unacceptable. Conclusions: performance of the National Tuberculosis Control Program during 2006 was evaluated as Poor, since that was the evaluation obtained by each component separately(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Tuberculosis/prevention & control , Tuberculosis/epidemiology , Program Evaluation/methods , National Health Programs
10.
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-721778

ABSTRACT

Analisar a visita domiciliar realizada pelos enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúdeda Família como uma atividade de promoção da saúde. Métodos: Estudo exploratório/descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa. Teve como sujeitos nove enfermeiras das Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Distritos Sanitários, em Maceió-AL. Os dados foram colhidos através de uma entrevista semiestruturada, nos meses de abril a agosto de 2012, e analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo e à luz do referencial teórico da Promoção da Saúde. Resultados: As enfermeiras reconhecem que a visita domiciliar pode ser uma forma de promover a saúde de indivíduos, famílias e comunidade, mas, no cotidiano, a ação continua focando na doença, com ações curativas, de caráter individual, que não leva em consideração o contexto social no qual o usuário e sua família estão inseridos. Conclusão: Considera-se que ainda é incipiente a utilização da visita domiciliar pelas enfermeiras da Estratégia Saúde da Família como uma atividade de promoção da saúde, pois, apesar de reconhecerem a necessidade de reversão do modelo assistencial, na prática, observa-se que o foco das visitas ainda está voltado para o modelo biologicista...


Subject(s)
Humans , National Health Strategies , House Calls , Primary Health Care
11.
Trab. educ. saúde ; 10(3): 407-426, nov. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-656301

ABSTRACT

A visita domiciliar, além de ser uma ferramenta de trabalho para o cuidado das pessoas, pode ser utilizada como estratégia de ensino na área da saúde. Desenvolveu-se um estudo exploratório, descritivo, de natureza qualitativa com oito estagiários de fisioterapia que realizaram visitas domiciliares em uma unidade da Estratégia Saúde da Família com o objetivo de compreender os significados atribuídos a essa atividade de cuidado em saúde no processo de aprendizagem. Utilizou-se a técnica do grupo focal, que foi gravado e transcrito para posterior análise e interpretação dos dados por meio da análise temática, a qual originou três eixos orientadores: a vivência da visita domiciliar em atenção básica e a reorientação da formação profissional do fisioterapeuta; a atenção básica e a visita domiciliar na perspectiva da humanização do fazer fisioterapêutico; e a ressignificação da visita domiciliar na construção do aprendizado. Conclui-se que a visita domiciliar torna-se uma ferramenta pedagógica importante na aprendizagem dos acadêmicos de fisioterapia, porém precisa estar associada a outras atividades na rede de cuidados, tais como desenvolvimento de atividades grupais, participação em campanhas e mutirões da saúde, conselho local de saúde, entre outras, para efetivamente trazer mudanças aos modelos de formação e de atenção à saúde.


In addition to being a working tool to provide care to people, domiciliary visits can also be used as a teaching strategy in the health area. An exploratory, descriptive, and qualitative study was carried out among eight physiotherapy interns making domiciliary visits at a Family Health Strategy unit and aimed to understand the meanings attributed to this type of health care activity in their learning process. The study used the focal group technique, which was recorded and transcribed for further data analysis and interpretation by means of a thematic analysis, which gave rise to three guiding themes: The experience of the domiciliary visits in primary care and the reorientation of the vocational training of the physical therapist; basic care and domiciliary visits in terms of the humanization of the physical therapy activity; and the reinterpretation of domiciliary visits in building learning. It is concluded that domiciliary visits are an important educational tool in the physiotherapy students' learning process; however, to effectively bring change to the training and health care models, it must be combined with other activities in the care network, such as group activities, participation in campaigns and joint efforts in health and in the local health board, among others.


Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care , Physical Therapy Specialty , House Calls , Learning
12.
Clinical Medicine of China ; (12): 225-228, 2012.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-424560

ABSTRACT

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy (LDOT)in accompany with pummonary rehabilization program on the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods Seventy two COPD cases receiving LDOT treatment were randomized into treatment group and control group.The patients in control group were given LDOT alone,while the treatment group was given pulmonary rehabilization besides LDOT.Lung functions,arterial blood gas parameters and blood rheological parameters were compared between the two groups 2 years after the observation.Results The follow-up period lasted for 1 - 2 years.The frequency of acute exageration in the treatment group ( 3.0 ± 1.3 ) was significantly lower than that of control group (4.0 ± 1.6) ( t =1.893,P < 0.05 ).Compared with that of control group,the FEV1([1.59±0.08]L vs.[1.41 ±0.13]L,t =-3.966,P <0.01),FVC ([2.47 ±0.20]L vs.[2.27 ±0.17]L,t=-2.788,P<0.05),FEV1% ([2.47±0.20]% vs.[2.27±0.17]L,t=-4.402,P<0.01) and PaO2 ( [79.1 ± 8.9 ] kPa vs.[ 60.0 ± 6.6 ] kPa,t =- 4.622,P < 0.01 ) were significantly increased,while plasma viscosity ( [ 2.14 ± 0.31] mPa · s vs.[ 2.44 ± 0.45 ] mPa · s,t =1.985,P < 0.05 ),Low shear blood viscosity ( [ 13.48 ± 1.97 ] mPa · s vs.[ 14.33 ± 1.87 ] mPa · s,t =2.126,P < 0.05 ),median shear whole blood viscosity( [ 6.33 ± 0.66 ] mPa · s vs.(7.92 ± 0.98 ) mPa · s,t =4.238,P < 0.01 ),high shear whole blood viscosity ([4.58 ±0.59] mPa · s vs.[5.33 ±0.68]mPa · s,t =0.3890,P <0.01) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( [ 30.63 ± 5.76 ] mm/1 h vs.[ 35.63 ± 6.925 ] mm/1 h,t =2.230,P < 0.05 ) was greatly decrease.Conclusion Long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy in company with pulmonary rehabilization program is helpful to improve the lung function,arterial blood gas parameters and rheological status of COPD patients.

13.
Rev. am. med. respir ; 11(4): 218-225, dic. 2011. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-661566

ABSTRACT

Introducción La oxigenoterapia domiciliaria (OD) representa más del 70% del costo total de los cuidados médicos del enfermo hipoxémico. A continuación presentaremos la experiencia desarrollada en el Programa de Oxigenoterapia y Ventilación No Invasiva de la Obra Social de Empleados Públicos de Mendoza. Objetivos: conocer prevalencia, características demográficas y epidemiológicas, causaprincipal de prescripción, equipos suministrados, tiempo de estadía y causa de baja del Programa de Oxigenoterapia Domiciliaria de la Obra Social de Empleados Públicos (OSEP), Mendoza (Argentina). Material y método: Se realizó una evaluación retrospectiva de las historias clínicas ybase de datos de los pacientes del programa, durante el periodo enero 2004 a diciembre 2010. Se los dividió en Oxigenoterapia Crónica Domiciliaria (OCD) y Oxigenoterapia Situaciones Especiales (OSE). Resultados: Ingresaron al programa de OD 839 pacientes. Se los dividió en: a) OCD: 498pacientes, edad media 67,95 años, 60,85% hombres, causa prevalente de prescripción EPOC 68% y tiempo medio de estadía 20,56 meses. b) OSE: 341 pacientes, edad media 62,43 años, 51% mujeres, causa prevalente de prescripción enfermedades neoplásicas52,2% (Cáncer de Pulmón 50%) y tiempo medio de estadía de 5.45 meses.Conclusiones: La OCD representa el 59% de las prescripciones, prevalencia 19,8 c/100.000 habitantes/año, muy por debajo de la Europea, causa prevalente de indicación es EPOC (68%) asociada al tabaquismo en el 99%. La forma de suministro de oxígenoes concentrador en el 79,5% y el tiempo medio de estadía 20,56 meses. La OSE representa el 41% de las prescripciones, prevalencia de 16,85 c /100.000 habitantes/ año, se destacan las enfermedades terminales neoplásicas en 52,2%, donde el Cáncer de Pulmón ocupa el 50%. Alta tasa de egresos 87,4 %, elevada mortalidad 78,2% y menor tiempo medio de estadía 5.45 meses.


Introduction: The Domiciliary Oxygen therapy (DO) represents more than 70% of the total cost of the medical care of hypoxemic patients. This paper presents the experience of the Program of Oxygen Therapy and Non Invasive Ventilation of the Health InsuranceService of Public Employees of Mendoza.The objectives were to know the prevalence, demographic and epidemiologic characteristics, main reasons for oxygen therapy prescription, oxygen supply equipment, duration of oxygen therapy and reasons for discharge from the DO therapy at the Health Insurance Service of Public Employees of Mendoza. Material and method: The investigation method was a retrospective evaluation of the clinical records and database of patients registered in the program from January 2004 to December 2010. They were divided into Domiciliary Chronic Oxygen Therapy (DCO) and Oxygen Therapy Special Situations (OSS). Results: 839 patients were registered in the DO program. They were divided into: a)DCO: 498 patients, mean age 67.95 years; 60.85% were males. The main cause for prescription was COPD (68%) and average duration of treatment 20,56 months. b) OSS: 341 patients, mean age 62.43 years; 51% were females. The main cause for prescriptionwas neoplasic illnesses (52.2%; Lung Cancer 50%) and average time of duration of treatment was 5.45 months.Conclusions: The DCO represented 59% of the prescriptions, the prevalence was 19.8 inhabitants per 100 000 per year, much less than the European rates. The main cause for prescription was COPD (68%) which was associated to the smoking habit in 99% of cases. Theoxygen was supplied through oxygen concentrators in 79.5% of patients and the average duration of treatment was 20.56 months. The OSS represented 41% of the prescriptions, the prevalence was 16.85 per 100,000inhabitants per year. The main causes for prescription were the neoplasic terminal illnesses (52.2% of cases) and the lung cancer represented 50% of cases...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Delivery of Health Care , Home Care Services , Oxygen Inhalation Therapy/standards , Argentina , Medical Records , Lung Neoplasms/therapy , Pneumonia/therapy
14.
Rev. saúde pública ; 45(4): 773-780, ago. 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-593376

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Calcular los índices infestación por triatominos en comunidades indígenas en Colombia. MÉTODOS: Se realizó estudio descriptivo en 19 comunidades indígenas del municipio de Valledupar Departamento de Cesar, Colombia. Durante junio a diciembre de 2007 se recolectaron triatominos por búsqueda activa en las viviendas de los indígenas. Los insectos luego fueron identificados por las claves de Lent & Wygodzinsky. Se desarrolló estudio del proceso infectivo en modelo animal y análisis enzimático de cepas de Trypanosoma cruzi, detectadas en heces de triatominos. RESULTADOS: Rhodnius prolixus presentó índice de densidad en las viviendas de 154,7 por ciento, Triatoma dimidiata de 102,45 por ciento, Triatoma maculata de 109,25 por ciento y Panstrogylus geniculatus de 0,3 por ciento. El índice promedio de infestación de las cuatro especies fue de 40,54 por ciento y, el de infección con T. cruzi de 9,4 por ciento. De cinco hemocultivos positivos para T. cruzi, tres se caracterizaron por isoenzimas, clasificándose en T. cruzi grupo I. El estudio de las biopsias reveló pocas características patológicas durante el proceso de infección con las cepas de T. cruzi aisladas de triatominos domiciliados. CONCLUSIÓN: Los altos índices de infestación por triatominos en las viviendas y el índice de infección por T. cruzi, evidencian la transmisión activa de la enfermedad de Chagas, situación que amerita la aplicación de medidas de control vectorial y el estudio seroepidemilógico de la población en riesgo. La identificación de las cepas de T. cruzi como grupo I concuerda con otros estudios realizados en esta región colombiana.


OBJECTIVE: To calculate triatomine infestation indices in indigenous communities in Colombia. METHODS: A descriptive study was carried out in 19 communities in Valledupar Municipality, Cesar Department, Colombia. During June to December, 2007, triatromine bugs were collected from their resting places in households. Taxonomic identification was made according to the keys by Lent & Wygodzinsky. An infection process in animal model and isozyme analysis of triatomine feces were performed. RESULTS: Rhodnius prolixus showed a density index of 154.7 percent, for Triatoma dimidiata was 102.45 percent, T. maculata 109.25 percent and Panstrogylus geniculatus 0.3 percent. The mean infestation index was 40.54 percent, and mean Trypanosoma infection index was 9.4 percent. Of five hemocultures positive for T. cruzi, three were enzimatically identified as T. cruzi group I. Biopsies revealed few pathologic characteristics of infective process with these strains isolated from domiciliary triatomine bugs. CONCLUSIONS: The high triatomine infestation indices in households and the T. cruzi infection index are evidence of active transmission of Chagas disease. The situation merits a vector control program and serological survey of the population at risk. The genetic characterization of T. cruzi strains as group I agrees with other findings on strains in this region of Colombia.


OBJETIVO: Calcular índices de infestação por barbeiros em comunidades indígenas da Colômbia. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo em 19 comunidades do município de Valledupar, departamento de Cesar, Colômbia. A coleta de barbeiros foi realizada por busca ativa nas casas dos indígenas de junho e dezembro de 2007. A identificação taxonômica foi feita conforme Lent & Wygodzinsky. A determinação da infecção foi realizada por processo de infecção em modelo animal e análise enzimática em fezes de barbeiros. RESULTADOS: Rhodnius prolixus apresentou nas casas das comunidades um índice de densidade 154,7 por cento, Triatoma dimidiata de 102,45 por cento e T. maculata de 109,25 por cento e Panstrogylus geniculatus de 0,3 por cento, cujo índice de infestação foi de 40,54 por cento, e índice de infecção com T. cruzi de 9,4 por cento. De cinco hemocultivos positivos para T. cruzi, três caracterizam-se como T. cruzi grupo I. O estudo das biópsias revelou poucas características patológicas da identificação do processo de infecção das cepas isoladas a partir de barbeiros domiciliados. CONCLUSÕES: os altos índices de infestação por barbeiros nas casas e o índice de infecção por T. cruzi evidenciam a transmissão ativa da doença de Chagas, situação que merece a aplicação de medidas de controle vetorial e um estudo seroepidemiológico da população sob risco. A caracterização genética das cepas de T. cruzi como grupo I concorda com outros achados para cepas dessa região da Colômbia.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Chagas Disease , Insect Vectors , Triatominae , Trypanosoma cruzi , Biopsy , Chagas Disease , Colombia , Housing , Indians, South American , Insect Vectors , Mice, Inbred ICR , Residence Characteristics , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Triatominae
15.
Biosalud ; 9(2): 21-31, jul.-dic. 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-656845

ABSTRACT

Los ácaros del polvo son fuente importante de alérgenos intradomiciliarios, por lo que su control biológico es una prioridad en la prevención y control de la sensibilización alérgica. El propósito de este trabajo fue obtener el aceite esencial de hojas de Cymbopongon citratus Stapf y evaluar su actividad acaricida sobre Dermatophagoides farinae. El aceite esencial se obtuvo por hidrodestilación y extracción con diclorometano. La composición química relativa del aceite fue determinada por CG-EM. Se realizaron bioensayos de concentración- respuesta en papeles filtros tratados con 5; 0,5; 0,05 y 0,005 µL del aceite esencial/cm² de papel. La ausencia de movimiento del ácaro al contacto con una aguja fina se tomó como indicador de muerte. El rendimiento de extracción del aceite fue 1,22% v/p de hojas frescas. El análisis de CG-EM reveló el citral (41,8% de geranial y 34,9% de neral) como componente mayoritario. El efecto tóxico del aceite esencial del C. citratus Stapf sobre el ácaro D. farinae fue proporcional a la concentración y tiempo de exposición. A una concentración de 0,5 µL/cm² de aceite esencial, el 46,67% de los ácaros murieron después de 60 minutos de exposición. Estos resultados permitieron comprobar una alta actividad tóxica del aceite esencial de C. citratus Stapf sobre el ácaro D. farinae, este efecto puede estar relacionado con la presencia del geranial y neral, monoterpenos análogos a la octopamina, un neurotransmisor periférico de insectos.


Dust mites are an important source of intradomiciliary allergens reason why their the biological control is a priority in the prevention and control of allergic sensitization. The purpose of this work was to obtain the essential oil of leaves of Cymbopongon citratus Stapf and evaluate its acaricidal activity on Dermatophagoides farinae mite. The essential oil was obtained through hydrodistillation and extraction with dichloromethane. The relative chemical composition of the oil was determined by GC-MS. Concentration-response bio essays were carried out in filter paper treated with 5, 0.5, 0.05, and 0.005 µL of essential oil/cm². The absence of dust mite movement when they touched with a fine needle was considered as an indicator of death. The oil extraction yield was 1.22 % v/w of fresh leaves. The GC-MS analysis revealed citral (41.8% of geranial over 34.9% of neral) as a major component. The toxic effect of the C. citratus Stapf essential oil on dust mites D. farinae was proportional to concentration and time exposure. Using a 0.5 µL/cm² concentration of essential oil, 46.67% of dust mites died after 60 minutes exposure. These results allowed the verification of a high toxic activity of C. citrates Stapf essential oil on D. farinae mites; this effect may be related to the presence of geranial and neral monoterpenes analogue to octopamine, an peripheral neurotransmitter in insect.

16.
Psicol. Caribe ; (25): 108-127, jun. 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-635792

ABSTRACT

El régimen penal de prisión domiciliaria está destinado principalmente a aquellas personas que habiendo pasado por un período de prisión efectiva, progresan hacia este tipo de medida como paso previo a la finalización de su condena. En el Distrito Federal de Brasil este proceso de inserción social se ve dificultado por las condiciones de vulnerabilidades sociales, individuales e institucionales de esta población. Con el fin de profundizar el conocimiento acerca de estas cuestiones fueron entrevistados 175 sujetos en esta condición sociojurídica, por medio de entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Como resultado se puede afirmar que las dificultades de acceso a educación, salud y condiciones dignas de empleo en general se suman a factores relacionados con la salud mental de esta población, entre ellos el consumo de alcohol y otras drogas, lo que dificulta su inserción social y aumenta las probabilidades de reincidencia penal.


Domiciliary prison is an alternative for those inmates that having paid a fraction of their effective time term in prison are considered eligible to finish it off at their own homes. In the Federal District, Brazil, this process of social insertion is hindered by highly vulnerable conditions -social, spatial, individual and institutional- of this population. In order to reach a more in-depth knowledge of these questions, we interviewed, through a semi-structured format, 175 former inmates enjoying the aforementioned legal condition. We established that poor mental health, fueled by the consumption of alcohol and other drugs, aggravates the expected inequality of opportunities in education, health and decent employment suffered by this population, and hinder their social rehabilitation, increasing all along the probability of returning to a life of crime.

17.
Acta paul. enferm ; 23(2): 244-250, mar.-abr. 2010.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-547713

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Refletir de que forma a atenção domiciliária tem contribuído para a saúde da população. MÉTODOS: Processou-se por meio de observação, de entrevistas individuais com 7 usuários, 22 trabalhadores e 2 gestores 3 representantes do Conselho Local de Saúde e de pesquisa documental, entre março e julho de 2006, em uma unidade de atenção primária à saúde de Porto Alegre - RS. RESULTADOS: Os resultados foram sistematizados a partir de indicadores formulados e mostraram que os trabalhadores e gestores têm compreensão da atenção domiciliária como relevante para a saúde da comunidade, porém, não objetivam essa compreensão na sua prática de trabalho. CONCLUSÃO: A atenção domiciliária tem sido realizada com foco na doença, tem como objeto de trabalho um sujeito individual, enfatiza o cuidado curativo e não desenvolve ações intersetoriais. Porém, busca resolutividade no primeiro contato, presta atenção contínua e longitudinal, tem território definido, promove as relações interpessoais (trabalhadores e usuários) e atua visando um cuidado humanizado.


OBJECTIVE: To consider, careful, how the home care has contributed to the population health. METHODS: the study was processed through observation of interviews (with: 7 users, 22 workers, 2 managers and 3 representatives of the Local Board of Health) and documentary research, between March and July 2006, in a primary care health unit, in Porto Alegre, RS. RESULTS: The results were systematized using developed indicators, they showed that workers and managers understands the home care as being relevant to community health, however, they do not apply that understanding in their work practice. CONCLUSION: The home care assistance has been conducted focusing on disease; its aim is to work on individual subjects; emphasizes the development of curative care and does not developed inter-sector actions. From another point of view, tries to resolve the situation in the first contact, offers continuous and longitudinal attention, has a defined territory, promotes inter-personal relations (workers and users), and acts trying to provide a humanized care.


OBJETIVO: Reflexionar de qué forma la atención domiciliaria ha contribuido para la salud de la población. MÉTODOS: Se procesó por medio de observación de entrevistas (con: 7 usuarios, 22 trabajadores, 2 administradores y 3 representantes del Consejo Local de Salud) y de investigación documental, entre marzo y julio de 2006, en una unidad de atención primaria de salud de Porto Alegre, RS. RESULTADOS: Los resultados fueron sistematizados a partir de indicadores formulados y mostraron que los trabajadores y administradores entienden la atención domiciliaria como relevante para la salud de la comunidad, sin embargo, no aplican esa comprensión en su práctica de trabajo. CONCLUSIÓN: La atención domiciliaria se ha realizado enfocando en la enfermedad, tiene como objeto de trabajo un sujeto individual, enfatiza el cuidado curativo y no desarrolla acciones intersectoriales. Por otro lado, busca ser resolutiva en el primer contacto, presta atención continua y longitudinal, tiene territorio definido, promueve relaciones inter-personales (trabajadores y usuarios) y actúa tratando de ofrecer un cuidado humanizado.

18.
Niterói; s.n; 2010. 101 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-848763

ABSTRACT

Trata-se de uma pesquisa desenvolvida no Programa de Mestrado Profissional de Enfermagem Assistencial da Escola de Enfermagem Aurora de Afonso Costa - EEAAC, da Universidade Federal Fluminense ­ UFF, cujos objetivos foram: 1- discutir as possibilidades de orientação e suporte ao familiar cuidador do idoso pelo enfermeiro; 2- descrever o ambiente domiciliar do idoso; 3- caracterizar o familiar cuidador do idoso; 4- conhecer o perfil do idoso em situação de internação domiciliar; 5- identificar as necessidades do familiar cuidador do idoso em internação domiciliar. Estudo de natureza qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso, desenvolvido com 20 familiares cuidadores de idosos em situação de internação domiciliar, captados no Programa de Internação Domiciliar do Hospital Geral de Nova Iguaçu (PID-HGNI). A coleta de informações envolveu observação participante no domicílio dos sujeitos e entrevistas com o familiar cuidador desses idosos, bem como a aplicação de um roteiro para sua caracterização. Após analise temática dos dados, emergiram três categorias: "Percebendo o Cuidando do idoso", "Percebendo os Sentimentos de quem cuida" e "As orientAções da enfermeira ao familiar cuidador do idoso". A primeira possibilitou visualizar que todos os idosos do estudo apresentavam limitações em realizar tanto as atividades de vida diária (AVDs) como também as atividades instrumentais de vida diária (AIVDs), o que os tornavam extremamente dependentes do familiar cuidador. Esta dependência ocasionou mudanças no cotidiano deste familiar, levando a alterações em sua vida, manifestadas a partir da sobrecarga de cuidados, afastamento do trabalho, cansaço físico e déficit de auto-cuidado (principalmente quando este cuidado ocorre de maneira solitária sem a colaboração de outros familiares). A seguir, na segunda categoria, demonstra-se no dia-a-dia deste cuidar os sentimentos aflorados pela vivência/convivência do familiar cuidador com o idoso. Suas falas revelam sentimentos de dever e obrigação pelo matrimônio ou pela vida em comum; retribuição dos cuidados recebidos no passado; sentimentos ambíguos na conciliação do cuidado com outras atividades; incertezas frente ao amanhã; apoio religioso. Todos estes sentimentos mobilizam o familiar cuidador a desempenhar a atividade de cuidar do seu familiar idoso, independente dos possíveis danos que possam sofrer; apesar de existirem relatos de melhora da própria saúde e planos pessoais para futuro em decorrência da atividade realizada. Finalmente, na categoria "As orientações da enfermeira ao familiar cuidador do idoso", revela-se o cotidiano do familiar cuidador, na situação da doença, o desconhecimento e a falta de habilidades para cuidar desses idosos. Neste contexto, a enfermeira passa a ter o foco neste familiar, através da observação de como ele enfrenta a situação do cuidado ao idoso, que ocorre de maneira cotidiana e progressiva, associando e visualizando os recursos disponíveis. A implementação de ações educativas possibilitam ao familiar cuidador alcançar independência para realizar os cuidados necessários, diminuindo o estresse deste cotidiano e abrindo ainda possibilidades de resgate do autocuidado. Concluímos que cabe à enfermeira conhecer o ambiente domiciliar, sua dinâmica, identificar o perfil do idoso e de seu familiar cuidador antes de estabelecer um programa de orientações porque é no cotidiano do cuidado ao idoso em internação domiciliar que emergem situações que demandam orientações, escuta e olhar atentos às necessidades tanto do idoso quanto do familiar cuidador, que necessita de suporte e ajuda para saber cuidar do idoso e de si mesmo no inquietante contexto que os envolve durante o processo de internação domiciliar


It is about a research developed at Escola de Enfermagem Aurora Afonso Costa ­ EEAAC ­ at Universidade Federal Fluminense's Programa de Mestrado Profissional de Enfermagem Assistencial, whose goals were 1- discuss the possibilities of guiding and support to the family caregiver of elderly people; 2- describe the domiciliary environment of the elderly; 3 -characterize the family caregiver; 4- identify the elderly people in situation of home care; 5- identify family caregivers' needs. Study case by qualitative aproach developed with 20 elderly in situation of domiciliary. The caregivers familiar are recruited at Programa de Internação Domiciliar of Hospital Geral de Nova Iguaçu (PIDHGNI). In data collection used participant observation, and interviews with caregiver familiar of elderly with support one instrument to data collection to characterization the research participants. The information analyzing unveiled three thematic categories: "Realizing the care of to elderly", "Realizing the feelings of the familiar caregiver" and "The nurses' guidelines to family caregivers of the elderly". The first one enables the view that all subjects had limitations in performing both survival and instrumental activities of daily living, that making them highly dependent on the family caregiver. This dependence causes changes in family daily living, leading the changes in their lives, expressed as follows: care burden, absence from work, physical exhaustion, self-care deficit (especially when this care is lonely with no cooperation from other family members). Next, the second category demonstrates that feelings of everyday care are evidenced by family caregivers and the elderly's experience/coexistence. The results manifest feelings of duty and obligation by marriage or others commitments; reciprocation of the care received in the past; mixed feelings up in the coordinating care and other activities, uncertainties related to the future; and religious support. All these feelings mobilize the family caregivers to perform the activity of caring of their elderly relatives, regardless of the possible damage they may suffer. However, there are reports of improvements in their own health and personal plans for the future as a result of the activity done. At last, in the third category the family caregiver's everyday life in disease situation and lack of knowledge and skills to take care of the elderly is revealed. In this context, the nurse focuses on observation of how the family caregiver faces the care to the elderly, which occurs in a daily and progressive way, associating and identifying the available resources. The implementation of educational interventions enables the caregiver to achieve independence to carry out the necessary care, reducing stress on everyday life, opening up further possibilities for redemption of self-care. We conclude that it is up to the nurse getting to know the home environment, its dynamics, to identify the elderly and their family caregivers' profiles before establishing one orientation program due to be in the daily care of elderly at homecare situations that arise up required orientation, attentive listen and look to the needs of the elderly as well as the caregiver familiar, who needs support and help to learn how to take care of the elderly and of himself within the disturbing context that surrounds them during the process of homecare


Subject(s)
Aged , Family , Home Nursing , Nursing
19.
Rev. cuba. med. trop ; 61(1)ene.-abr. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-547070

ABSTRACT

Evaluar los resultados de las acciones de control y eliminación de un brote de dengue en Santiago de Cuba en septiembre de 2001. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal retrospectivo para describir el brote de dengue y las acciones en su control y eliminación. Este brote aportó 38 casos confirmados serológicamente, así como otros 16 casos en otras ßreas de salud. La implementación de medidas rápidas y efectivas en la lucha antivectorial, la organización de la detección y el manejo de casos, así como la participación comunitaria y de los organismos del estado, permitieron localizar este episodio y lograr su eliminación en 45 d. Las experiencias en la lucha antivectorial y el empleo precoz del tratamiento con insecticidas de acción residual resultaron elementos claves en el control del brote.


To asses result of the actions aimed at control and eradication of a dengue outbreak in Santiago de Cuba in september 2001. A descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study was performed in order to describe the dengue outbreak and the actions aimed at control and eradication. This outbreak gave rise to 38 serologically confirmed cases as well as other 16 cases in other health areas. The implementation of rapid and effective actions as part of the anti-vector fight, the organized detection and management of cases as well as the community and central state bodies involvement made it possible to eradicate this outbreak in 45 days. The experiences accumulated in the anti-vector fight and the early use of residual action pesticide treatments were key elements for the control of this dengue outbreak.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Adolescent , Severe Dengue , Severe Dengue/prevention & control , Severe Dengue/transmission , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies
20.
Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine ; (36): 21-23, 2009.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-393653

ABSTRACT

Objective To observe the clinical effect of long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy (LTDOT) on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods COPD patients were randomly divided into LTDOT group and control group,LTDOT group received LTDOT on basis of conventional therapy,and control group only received conventional thempy.The lung function,blood gas analysis was detectedand quality of life in paracmasis before and after treatment was evaluted.Results After two years, FEV1[(1.42±0.42)L],PaO2[(80.0±2.6)mm Hg,1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa]in LTDOT group were obviously higher than those in control group[(0.72±0.38)L,(55.0±2.2)mm Hg],there were significant differences between two groups(P<0.01).FVC,PaCO2 in two groups were no significant difference(P>0.05).Quality of life in LTDOT group was better than that in control group,average emergency frequency[(2.3±1.2)times] and hospital day[(16.0±2.4)d]in LTDOT group were obviously decwatsed than those in control group [(5.2±1.3)times,(36.0±2.2)d](P<0.01).Conclusion For the patients with COPD paracmasis, LTDOT can increase FEVI,PaO2,elevate quality of life and decrease average emergency frequency and hospital day.

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