ABSTRACT
Drymis brasiliensisMiers is a specie of the Winteraceae family, commonly known as cataia or pepper bark. This research was carried out with the aim to study the rooting of semihardwood cuttings, subjected to different concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA), collected in four seasons of the year (autumn, winter, spring and summer). Cuttings were prepared with 10-12cm length, keeping two halved leaves. Bases of cuttings were treated as follows: control (100% water), 0; 500; 1500; 3000; 4500 and 6000mg L-1IBA.One hundred and twenty after the planting the following variables were assessed: rooting percentage, number of roots per cutting, length of roots per cutting, cutting callus percentage, cuttings with new shoots and number of cuttings that maintained the initial leaves. The indolebutyric acid is not recommended for rooting of Drimys brasiliensiscuttings. The cuttings collected in winter were the ones that showed greatest rooting percentage (46.96%) for the production of nursery plant of Drimys brasiliensis.
Drimys brasiliensisMiers é uma espécie pertencente à família Winteraceae, popularmente conhecida como cataia. O trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o enraizamento de estacas semilenhosas, submetidas a diferentes concentrações de ácido indol butírico (AIB), coletadas nas quatro estações do ano (outono, inverno, primavera e verão). As estacas foram preparadas com 10-12cm de comprimento e duas folhas cortadas pela metade na porção apical. As bases das estacas foram submetidas aos tratamentos: testemunha (100% água), 0, 500, 1500, 3000, 4500 e 6000mg L-1AIB. Após 120 dias em casa de vegetação, avaliaram-se a porcentagem de estacas enraizadas, o número de raízes por estaca, o comprimento das três maiores raízes por estaca, a porcentagem de estacas com calos, as estacas com novas brotações e as estacas que mantiveram as folhas iniciais. O ácido indolbutírico não é recomendado para o enraizamento de estacas de Drimys brasiliensis.As estacas coletadas no inverno foram as que apresentaram melhor porcentagem de enraizamento (46,96%) para a produção de mudas.
ABSTRACT
The essential oils extracted from leaves of the Southern Brazilian native species Drimys angustifolia Miers (DA) and Drimys brasiliensis Miers (DB) by Clevenger distillation were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The oils of DA and DB consisted predominantly of monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids. The largest components of DA oil were bicyclogermacrene (19.6%), sabinene (9.7%)and myrcene (5.2%), while DB oil was characterized by cyclocolorenone (18.2%), followed by terpinen-4-ol (8.7%) and alpha-gurjunene (6.9%). Laboratory tests were carried out to determine the repellency of the essential oils to the drywood termite Cryptotermes brevis (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae). It was observed that the oil showed repellency at the concentrations 25, 12.5, and 6.25 μg/mL. The oils of both species exhibited a negative repellency index, which represents repellent activity, except for DA oil at the highest concentration, which was attractive. Five deaths (11% of the termitesample) were observed at 25 μg/mL DA, in the fourhour repellency test, while four deaths occurred at 12.5 μg/mL (approximately 9%). The essential oil of DB did not cause any termite deaths...
Os óleos essenciais obtidos das folhas das árvores nativas do sul do Brasil Drimys angustifolia Miers (DA)e Drimys brasiliensis Miers (DB) foram analisados por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas (CG/EM). O óleo de DA foi caracterizado pela presença de monoterpenóides e sesquiterpenóides, biciclogermacreno (19,6%), seguido por sabineno (9,7%) e mirceno (5,2%). O óleo de DB foi caracterizado por sesquiterpenóides e monoterpenóides, ciclocolorenona (18,2%), seguido por terpinen-4-ol (8,7%) e alfagurjuneno(6,9%). Os testes foram realizados a fim de se determinar o potencial repelente dos óleos essenciais contra o cupim de madeira seca Cryptotermes brevis (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) nas doses de 25, 12,5, e 6,25 μg/mL. Ambas as espécies mostraram índice de repelência negativo, o que representa a ocorrência da atividade repelente, exceto na maior concentração de DA, na qual o óleo mostrou-se atraente. Cinco mortes foram observadas na concentração de 25 μg/mL de DA, correspondendo a 11% do total em quatro horas de análise, sendo que 9% ocorreram na concentração de 12,5 μg/mL. No caso do óleo essencial de DB não foram observadas mortes de cupins...
Subject(s)
Drimys , Insect Repellents , Isoptera , Oils, VolatileABSTRACT
The species Drimys angustifolia Miers and D. brasiliensis Miers, commonly known as "casca-de-anta", have in their leaves essential oils that can confer cytotoxic effects. In this study, we evaluated the citotoxic effects of the volatile oils from these two species. We also proposed a nanoemulsion formulation for each of the species and assessed the in vitro cytotoxicity on U-138 MG (human glioblastoma) and T24 (human bladder carcinoma) cell lines. The plant chemical composition was evaluated by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer. Furthermore, the nanoemulsions were prepared and characterized. Our results showed that; bicyclogermacrene (19.6%) and cyclocolorenone (18.2%) were the most abundant for the D angustifolia oil and D brasiliensis oil, respectively. Both nanoemulsions, D angustifolia and D brasiliensis appeared macroscopically homogeneous and opalescent bluish liquids, with nanometric mean diameters of 168 nm for D brasiliensis and 181 nm for D angustifolia. The polydispersity indices were below 0.10, with an acid pH of 4.7-6.3, and negative zeta potentials about -34 mV. The results of transmission electron microscopy showed that droplets are present in the nanometer range. Only the D brasiliensis oil was efficient in reducing the cell viability of both U-138 MG (42.5%±7.0 and 67.8%±7.8) and T24 (33.2%±2.8, 60.3%±1.6 and 80.5%±8.8) cell lines, as assessed by MTT assay. Noteworthy, similar results were obtained with cell counting. Finally, D brasiliensis oil incubation caused an increase of annexin-V and propidium iodite population, according to evaluation by cytometry analysis, what is characteristic of late apoptosis. The results presented herein lead us to consider the potential therapeutic effects of the essential oils and nanoformulations as novel strategies to inhibit tumor growth.
ABSTRACT
The genus Drimys presents the widest geographical distribution of the Winteraceae family, which comprises seven genera and about 120 species. In Brazil, the genus is found from Bahia to Rio Grande do Sul and occur in two species, Drimys angustifolia Miers, and D. brasiliensis Miers, Winteraceae, popularly known as "casca-de-anta", characterized by the presence of flavonoids and essential oils. It is used in folk medicine as an antiscorbutic, stimulant, antispasmodic, anti-diarrheal, antipyretic, antibacterial, and against asthma and bronchitis, besides having insecticidal properties. In addition to the known biological activities, it is very important to explore new applications in the treatment of physiological disorders or diseases caused by parasites. Based on this information, in this study we propose to evaluate volatile oils of the species D. brasiliensis and D. angustifolia, as an antioxidant, using the model of the DPPH radical as an antiviral against human herpes virus type 1 (HSV-1) and acute toxicity in vivo. The two species were not able to reduce the DPPH radical and showed interesting antiviral activity, significantly reducing the virus titers in vitro assays. Regarding the in vivo toxicity in female Wistar rats, treatment with the two species showed interesting signs in animals such as salivation, ptosis, tremor, decreased motor activity. In addition the oils of D. brasiliensis to other signs, some animals showed increased urination and diarrhea.
ABSTRACT
Drimys brasiliensis Miers, conhecida como cataia ou casca-de-anta, é árvore nativa da Mata Atlântica e as cascas tem sido utilizadas medicinalmente a partir da exploração de plantas em populações naturais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a demografia de duas populações naturais de D. brasiliensis, (1) Reserva Genética Florestal de Caçador (RGFC) e (2) Floresta Nacional de Caçador (FLONA), ambas no município de Caçador (SC), visando fundamentar estratégias de exploração sustentável e conservação deste recurso florestal não-madeireiro. A maior luminosidade no sub-bosque existente na FLONA atuou positivamente na espécie, aumentado a capacidade de incremento em diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP), altura (H) e área basal (AB), além de antecipar a reprodução em plantas de menor porte. A análise do padrão espacial das plantas reprodutivas na RGFC mostrou padrão agregado, e na FLONA até a distância de 25 metros. Esse comportamento indicou que a espécie apresenta potencial de manejo em florestas secundárias, formação sucessional em que se encontra a maioria dos remanescentes de Mata Atlântica, além de indicar potencial para cultivo em sistemas agroflorestais.
Known as "cataia" or "casca-de-anta", Drimys brasiliensis Miers is a tree native to the Atlantic Forest and its barks have been medicinally used by exploring natural populations. The present work aimed to study the demography of two D. brasiliensis natural populations, (1) Caçador Forest Genetic Reserve (RGFC) and(2) Caçador National Forest (FLONA), both located in Caçador Municipality, Santa Catarina State, Brazil, in order to establish strategies for sustainable exploration and conservation of such non-timber forest resource. The higher luminosity in FLONA understory was beneficial to the species by increasing their increment capability regarding diameter at breast height (DBH), height (H) and basal area (BA), and made the reproduction in smaller plants earlier. The spatial analysis of reproductive plants in RGFC had an aggregate pattern, whereas in FLONA until 25m distance was detected. Such results indicated that this species presents potential for management in secondary forests, the successional formation where the major Atlantic Forest remnants are found, as well as potential for cultivation in agroforestry systems.