ABSTRACT
The network pharmacology and molecular docking methods were used to explore the mechanism of Jinweitai Capsules in the treatment of acute and chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and chronic colitis. The chemical components of herbs in Jinweitai Capsules were collected through TCMSP, CNKI and PubMed. Target prediction was performed through PubChem and SwissTargetPrediction databases; genes relating to acute and chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, chronic colitis were collected from OMIM database; potential targets of Jinweitai Capsules for relevant gastrointestinal diseases were obtained by Venny analysis; DAVID database was used to perform GO and KEGG enrichment analysis; protein interactions were obtained by STRING database and visua-lized by Cytoscape; AutoDockVina was used for molecular docking of AKT1, EGFR, PTPN11 and its reverse-selected chemical components. Potential mechanisms of Jinweitai Capsules in treating relevant gastrointestinal diseases were clarified according to the results of the docking. The results showed 86 potential active ingredients of Jinweitai Capsules and 268 potential targets for treatment of acute and chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and chronic colitis. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that 20 pathways relating to acute and chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and chronic colitis mainly involved calcium signaling pathway and chemokine signaling pathway. Molecular docking showed a good binding activity between AKT1, EGFR, PTPN11 and its reverse screening chemical components. Jinweitai Capsules may exert an effect in the treatment of acute and chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and chronic colitis by acting on AKT1, EGFR, PTPN11 and other targets in 15 signal pathways relating to cell inflammation and immunity, cell proliferation and apoptosis, Helicobacter pylori infection, and gastrointestinal tract.
Subject(s)
Humans , Capsules , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Gastrointestinal Diseases/drug therapy , Helicobacter Infections , Helicobacter pylori , Medicine , Molecular Docking SimulationABSTRACT
Gastric outlet obstruction is the clinical and pathophysiological consequence of any disease process that produces mechanical impediment to gastric emptying. It may be acute from inflammatory swelling and peristaltic dysfunction or chronic from cicatrix. Chronic inflammation of the duodenum may lead to recurrent episodes of healing followed by repair and scarring ultimately leading to fibrosis and stenosis of the duodenal lumen. We would like to present a unique case of an elderly lady presenting with intractable vomiting over 3 months, gradually progressive which aggravated on consuming solids initially to consuming liquids later. After thorough investigations a provisional diagnosis of chronic duodenal ulcer with gastric outlet obstruction probably due to cicatrix was made. On laparotomy there was a chronic scarred duodenal ulcer following a previously contained perforation which was causing the gastric outlet obstruction. Cholecystectomy, duodenoplasty and loop gastrojejunostomy was performed with no complications post-operatively. This is a rare case of previous contained duodenal perforation causing gastric outlet obstruction.
ABSTRACT
Introdução: Úlceras pépticas ainda são um problema de saúde pública, portanto há interesse em obter dados atuais com a finalidade de melhorias nas estratégias de saúde. Objetivos: Conhecer o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes diagnosticados com úlcera gástrica e/ou duodenal. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo observacional, transversal, prospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa, com uma população composta por crianças, adultos e idosos, submetidos ao exame de endoscopia digestiva alta em um serviço de referência público e outro privado do extremo sul catarinense entre agosto de 2012 e agosto de 2013. Resultados: A idade média foi 56,3 (±16,9) anos naqueles diagnosticados com úlceras pépticas, 60,2 (±15,3) anos naqueles com úlcera gástrica e entre os casos de úlcera duodenal, a média foi de 49,4 (±17,9) anos. A presença de H. Pylori, foi confirmada em 57,6% do total de pacientes com úlcera péptica, todavia a presença de H. Pylori variou conforme o tipo de úlcera presente. Entre aqueles com úlcera gástrica, a maioria, 66,7% (IC95% 44,7;88,7), teve resultado negativo para a bactéria, enquanto 33,3% (IC95% 11,3;55,3) apresentaram H. Pylori. Em contrapartida, nos pacientes com úlceras duodenais, a bactéria estava presente em 100% (IC95% 100,0;100,0) dos casos (p=0,001). Conclusão: Foi observada maior frequência de úlceras gástricas em homens, brancos, não tabagistas e não usuários de AINEs. Constatou-se maior presença de H. Pylori naqueles com úlceras duodenais e, dentre as úlceras gástricas, a maioria dos pacientes não apresentou neoplastias ao exame anatomopatológico.
Background: Peptic ulcers currently remain a public health care issue, hence there is interest in obtain current data for improve the health care strategies. Objectives: To acknowledge the epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with gastric and/or duodenal ulcer via upper endoscopy. Method: An observational, cross-sectional, prospective and quantitative approach was conducted. The population was composed by children, adults and seniors, examined by upper endoscopy in a renown public and a renown private institutions in the far-south of Santa Catarina between August 1st of 2012 and August 1st of 2013. Results: The mean age was 56,3 (±16,9) years old in those diagnosed with peptic ulcers, 60,2 (±15,3) in those diagnosed with gastric ulcer and 49,4 (±17,9) in those diagnosed with duodenal ulcer. The presence of H. Pylori was confirmed in 57,6% of the patients with peptic ulcers, however, the percentage varied according to the type of the ulcer: among those with gastric ulcer, the majority - 66,7% (IC95% 44,7;88,7) shown negative results for H. Pylori while 33,3% (IC95% 11,3;55,3) shown positive test results, indicating the presence of the bacteria. In the other hand, patients with duodenal ulcer had the bacteria in 100% of the cases (p=0,001). Conclusion: It was observed higher frequency of gastric ulcers among men, whites, non-AINEs-users, and non-smokers. Higher prevalence of the H. Pylori was observed in patients with duodenal ulcers. The majority of the patients with gastric ulcers did not show gastric neoplasia in the anatomopathological exam.
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BACKGROUND: Dyspnea is one of the most common complaints facing the emergency medicine physician. Some of the gastrointestinal causes of dyspnea are self-limited and not life-threatening, yet others are, and early diagnosis and treatment are crucial.METHODS: In this article we presented one of these life-threatening conditions through a clinical description of a patient presenting with acute respiratory distress that was finally diagnosed to be the result of a perforated gastric ulcer.RESULTS: An emergent thoracotomy revealed a small ulcer with perforation in the fundus of the stomach. The patient was transferred after the operation to the intensive care unit and after a prolonged hospitalization discharged home. Biopsies taken from the ulcer showed diffuse inflammation, with no evidence of microorganisms or malignancy.CONCLUSION: Perforation of gastric and duodenal ulcers is a rare yet existing cause of dyspnea and respiratory failure and should be kept in mind by the emergency physician, especially when other more common causes are ruled out.
ABSTRACT
El riesgo de reactivación de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis B en los pacientes que reciben tratamientos de quimioterapia se reconoce cada día más. El presente estudio se hizo con el objetivo de evaluar el grado de conocimiento de este riesgo por parte de los médicos que tratan los pacientes oncológicos en Colombia y examinar las prácticas de tamizaje y profilaxis por parte de los especialistas.Un cuestionario con 7 preguntas fue distribuido entre los asistentes al Congreso nacional de cáncer que se realizo en Cali, en octubre del año 2008. Un total de 134 médicos (60 oncólogos, 31 hemato-oncólogos, 17 hematólogos, 6 pediatras oncólogos y 20 cirujanos oncólogos) respondieron el cuestionario. Un poco más de la mitad de estos especialistas (58%), tiene más de 10 años de experiencia en su práctica clínica. El 23% de los oncólogos nunca solicita pruebas para hepatitis B antes de iniciar una quimioterapia, el 50% algunas veces lo hace, y solo el 27% siempre las solicita. Cuando se eligen las pruebas serológicas para estos pacientes, solo el 23% de los oncólogos pide las pruebas recomendadas.Cuando se trata de elegir un agente para profilaxis de la reactivación del virus de la hepatitis B, la mayoría de los especialistas selecciona el interferón pegilado.Conclusiones. Se deben realizar más foros académicos entre infectólogos, hepatólogos y los especialistas que tratan pacientes oncológicos para generar pautas y recomendaciones propias que puedan aplicarse a todos los pacientes.
The risk of chronic hepatitis B reactivation during chemotherapy treatment is being increasingly recognized. In this study our aims were to evaluate the degree of awareness of the potential risk of reactivation of hepatitis B and to examine the screening, and prevention practices among the hematologists / oncologists in Colombia.Methods. A written questionnaire survey was applied to the physicians convened in Cali for the national congress of cancer in October 2008.Results. A number of 134 specialists in the treatment of the oncology patients were surveyed. Just over half (58%) of them have more than 10 years of clinical practice.Regarding screening, 23% of the oncologists never screened patients for hepatitis B infection prior to initiating chemotherapy, 50% sometimes and only 27% of them screened all the patients before chemotherapy. Only 23% of the oncologists selected the specifics serological tests for hepatitis B in persons needing chemotherapy. Regarding selection of a prophylactic agent, most of these specialists prescribed interferon pegilated.Conclusions. More awareness of hepatitis B reactivation during chemotherapy in the oncology community is recommended.