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Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not only a respiratory disease but is also a systemic disease associated with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, osteoporosis, etc. Diabetes being one of the comorbidities, COPD is thought to be a causative factor for developing insulin resistance. Similarly, poor glycemic control is associated with worsened COPD outcomes. Thus, this study has been taken up to analyze the effect of hyperglycemia on the duration of hospital stay and rate of mortality, and other outcomes in patients with COPD with exacerbation. Methods: It was an observational study conducted for 1 year in KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India. A total of 84 patients were enrolled and divided into two groups based on the mean random blood sugar (RBS) levels. Group I had 40 patients with mean RBS <250 mg/dL and group II had 44 patients with mean RBS ?250 mg/dL. Outcomes and variables of the patients with COPD were compared between both groups. Results: Patients in group II had poor outcomes compared to group I. The mean duration of hospital stays in groups I and group II were 5.43 and 7.34, respectively, with a significant p < 0.0001. The mean duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay was 3.33 and 4.47 in groups I and II, respectively, which was statistically significant. The rate of mortality in groups I and II was 5.00 and 11.36%, respectively. Conclusion: Patients with hyperglycemia had an increased duration of hospital stay and rate of mortality. Optimal glycemic control plays a significant role in patients with COPD in reducing the severity of exacerbation and mortality.
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Introduction: Fractures pose a tremendous burden on the health care systems due to the prolonged duration of admission. Addressing various determinants that prolong hospital stay will help minimize the cost of treatment. Objective: To study the determinants associated with the duration of hospital stay among patients admitted with fractures. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted at a private tertiary care hospital in Mangalore. A semi-structured proforma was used for collecting data from the medical records. Results: The mean age of the 124 patients were 48.3±21.4 years. The majority were males [69(55.6 por ciento)] and were from urban areas [86(69.3 por ciento)]. Co-morbidities were present among 69(55.6 por ciento) patients. Out of the total patients, 8(6.4 por ciento) were alcoholics, and 10(8.1 por ciento) were tobacco smokers. The majority [50(40.3 por ciento)] had fracture of the femur. Five (4 por ciento) patients developed complications during the post-operative period. Seventy-eight (62.9 por ciento) patients had medical insurance facilities. The mean duration of hospital stay was 9.6±3.2 days among the patients. The mean duration of hospital stay among patients (n=115) before surgery was 2.4±1.6 days. Increased pre-operative stay, increasing age, rural residential status, open type of fracture, and being given general anaesthesia for the operative procedure were significant predictors determining the period of stay among patients in the hospitals. Alcoholic status independently influenced the period of stay in the pre-operative period. Conclusion: Both patient and treatment characteristics were important determinants associated with the duration of hospital stay. Targeting these predictors will help to manage in-patients better and shorten their duration of hospital stay(AU)
Introducción: Las fracturas suponen una enorme carga para los sistemas sanitarios debido a la duración prolongada del ingreso. Abordar varios determinantes que prolongan la estadía en el hospital ayudará a minimizar el costo del tratamiento. Objetivo: Estudiar los determinantes asociados a la duración de la estancia hospitalaria en pacientes ingresados con fracturas. Métodos: Este es un estudio observacional retrospectivo realizado en un hospital privado de atención terciaria en Mangalore. Se utilizó una proforma semiestructurada para la recolección de datos de las historias clínicas. Resultados: La edad media de los 124 pacientes fue de 48,3±21,4 años. La mayoría eran hombres [69 (55,6 percent)] y de áreas urbanas [86 (69,3 percent)]. Las comorbilidades estuvieron presentes en 69 (55,6 percent) pacientes. Del total de pacientes, 8 (6,4 percent) eran alcohólicos y 10 (8,1 percent) fumadores. La mayoría [50 (40,3 percent)] tenía fractura de fémur. Cinco (4 percent) pacientes desarrollaron complicaciones durante el postoperatorio. Setenta y ocho (62,9 percent) pacientes tenían seguro médico. La duración media de la estancia hospitalaria fue de 9,6±3,2 días entre los pacientes. La duración media de la estancia hospitalaria de los pacientes (n=115) antes de la cirugía fue de 2,4±1,6 días. El aumento de la estancia preoperatoria, el aumento de la edad, el estado residencial rural, el tipo de fractura abierta y la anestesia general para el procedimiento quirúrgico fueron predictores significativos que determinaron el período de estancia entre los pacientes en los hospitales. El estado alcohólico influyó de forma independiente en el tiempo de estancia en el preoperatorio. Conclusión: Tanto las características del paciente como las del tratamiento fueron determinantes importantes asociadas con la duración de la estancia hospitalaria. Abordar estos predictores ayudará a manejar mejor a los pacientes hospitalizados y acortar la duración de su estadía en el hospital(AU)
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Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Patient Admission , Fractures, Bone/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Observational Studies as TopicABSTRACT
Background: Human milk bank plays an essential role by providing human milk to infants who would otherwise not be able to receive human milk. The aims and Objectives is to study the morbidity and mortality outcome' profile of babies fed with PDHM (pasteurized donor human milk) comparing data between Pre Human Milk Breast bank (2015) and Post Human Milk Breast bank (2016, 2017 and 2018).Methods: Milk bank collect, screen, store, process, and distribute human milk. Retrospective observational study was done in Department of Neonatology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Women and Children Hospital, Chennai. Data obtained retrospectively comparing data Pre HMB (2015) and Post HMB (2016, 2017 and 2018).Results: In this study authors collected the data comparing Pre human milk bank (Pre HMB) and Post human milk bank (Post HMB).' After starting human milk bank, around 1799 babies were benefitted and 14.45 lakh ml milk was collected from 16000 donor mothers in last 3 years. Bacterial contamination rate of PDHM has reduced to 4.39% (2018) compared to 7.73% (2016) with P Value 0.0042 (statistically significant). CONS and Staphylococcus aureus were the most common Organisms isolated. There was reduction in morbidity profile like sepsis rate, NEC/ Feed intolerance and ROP profile. Mortality profile also reduced to (7.73-9.31%). Duration of hospital and Duration to attain full feeds were improved all GA group babies.Conclusions: In this study, after starting human milk bank there was reduction in mortality, morbidity outcome, sepsis. Duration to attain full feeds' and duration of hospital stay reduced. We concluded that establishment of breast milk bank will be more useful and beneficial for all GA group babies for better outcome.
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Background: Postpartum infectious complications following normal vaginal delivery remains a cause of major concern for the health care professionals due to higher morbidity and mortality and prolonged hospital stays and increased healthcare costs which makes us consider prophylactic use of antibiotics after normal vaginal delivery. On the other hand unjudicious use of antibiotics has led to widespread antibiotic resistance. Therefore this study was carried out to validate the use of prophylactic antibiotics in these patients and their role in prevention of puerperial pyrexia, wound infections and prolonged hospital stay.Methods: This Randomised clinical trial was conducted at KCHC-Kerala Co-operative Hospital Complex, Pariyaram, Kannur District, Kerala from 1st March 2012 to 30th April 2013. Eligible women were randomly assigned to group which does not receive prophylactic antibiotics (Group A) and group receiving prophylactic antibiotics (Group B). Patients in both the groups were examined every day till the patient was discharged from the hospital and observed for signs and symptoms of infected episiotomy wound, puerperial pyrexia and duration of hospital stay was noted.Results: Mean age in years was 25.6 for Group A and 26.2 for Group B. Mean gestational age in both the groups was 37.6 weeks. Mean duration of labour was 6.62 and 6.22 hours for Group A and B respectively. 6 subjects in Group A and 5 subjects in Group B had puerperial pyrexia. 3 Subjects in Group A and 2 subjects in Group B had wound infection. The mean duration of hospital stay for Group A was 4.18 with SD of 1.0 while mean hospital stay for Group B was 4.01 with SD of 1.1.Conclusions: By comparing subjects in both the groups with respect to puerperial pyrexia, wound infection and duration of hospital stay there was no statistical difference in any of the above criteria in both groups. Hence, in view of the risk of allergic reactions, toxicity and the selection of resistant strains the prophylactic administration of antibiotics does not seem to be justified in patients with episiotomy following vaginal delivery as per this study.