ABSTRACT
It is characterized by periventricular white matter injury (PWMI) and the following failure of myelination in the brain injury of premature infants.Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL),the main form of PWMI,is mainly induced by the decrease of premyelinating oligodendrocytes.Therefore,it is critically important for the prognosis of brain injury of premature infants that oligodendrocytes are myelinated.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is the richest neurotrophic factor in the brain,and widely expressed in the brain.BDNF is connected with the tyrosine receptor kinase B (Trk B).It is convinced that BDNF influences the production and myelination of oligodendrocytes.This review focuses on the advances in the relationship between BDNF and oligodendrocytes in brain injury of premature infants.