ABSTRACT
Introduction: Acts of self-injury and self-poisoning that have not resulted in death are described by various terms such as attempted suicide, parasuicide, and deliberate self-harm. Due to the wider utility in various studies, the term attempted suicide is used in this study also. While suicide attempt is defined as intentional self-inflicted poisoning, injury or self-harm which may or may not have a fatal intent or outcome the term attempted suicide is used here for patients who have completely recovered from their attempt and referred for psychiatry opinion. Aim: Aim of the study was to evaluate the socio-demographic factors, methods of the attempt, psychiatric morbidity, and other causes of attempted suicide. Materials and methods: Victims of attempted suicide who were treated and referred from general medicine inpatient care for a regular psychiatric opinion were selected for this study. In the planned period of 3 months span 102 consecutively referred individuals were assessed. Through unstructured, comprehensive clinical interview individuals were evaluated and psychiatric diagnoses were made by using ICD-10-criteria. Datas were entered in a self-structured proforma, results were analyzed. Results: Women (63%), less than 30 years of age (74%), married persons (66%), studied up to secondary and higher secondary education (62%), rural population (80%), semi-skilled workers including housewives (60%), outnumbered others. 21% had a family history of suicide. 13% have attempted in the past. 56% have attempted through organophosphorus and natural plant poisoning. 39% had psychiatric morbidity. Depressive, alcohol, personality disorders were common. 57% of suicidal attempts have resulted from Dysfunctional family living in the form of Interpersonal conflicts and quarrels. Conclusion: Although identifying and treating the psychiatric condition is an immediate need, addressing the Healthy family functioning through school level educational and community level programmes would have long term impact on preventing suicidal attempts.
ABSTRACT
Se realizó una estrategia de intervención en salud en 30 estudiantes entre 16 y 18 años de edad, quienes presentaban conductas inapropiadas, pertenecientes al Instituto Preuniversitario "Alfredo Guillot Pozo" de Santiago de Cuba, con vistas a mejorar su comportamiento. Se llevaron a cabo acciones educativas que incluyeron: tratamiento terapéutico por parte del equipo de salud, recursos educativos y actividades psicoterapéuticas, donde también participaron familiares, profesores y directivos de las organizaciones de masas. En la serie predominaron el sexo masculino, los adolescentes procedentes de familias disfuncionales y la mala relación hogar-escuela. El aporte del trabajador social junto al médico de la familia, fue valioso para lograr el enfoque integral del adolescente en su medio familiar, escolar y social.
A health intervention strategy in 30 students aged 16 to 18 who presented inappropriate behaviors, belonging to "Alfredo Guillot Pozo" senior high school in Santiago de Cuba, was carried out with the purpose of improving their behavior. Some educational actions were carried out such as: therapeutic treatment by the health team, educational resources and psychotherapeutic activities, where relatives, professors and mass organizations managers also participated. The male sex, adolescents coming from dysfunctional families and home-school poor relationship prevailed in the series. The social worker's contribution along with the family physician was valuable to achieve the adolescent's comprehensive focusing in his family, school and social environment.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Problem Behavior , Schools , FamilyABSTRACT
La familia presenta importantes tareas en la sociedad, relacionadas directamente con la preservación de la vida humana, su desarrollo y bienestar. Así, existen características en la dinámica familiar que impulsan a los alumnos a mantener su nivel de rendimiento académico o no, por ejemplo, la disfuncionalidad. En este trabajo se aborda brevemente cómo las familias disfuncionales pueden ser unas de las causas del bajo rendimiento académico en estudiantes de años básicos.
The family has important tasks in society, directly related to the preservation of the human life, its development and well-being. Thus, there are characteristics in the family dynamics which impel the students to maintain or not the level of academic results, for instance, the dysfunction. This work shortly deals on how dysfunctional families can be one of the causes of low academic results in basic years students.
Subject(s)
Academic Performance , Students , FamilyABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 240 adultos mayores pertenecientes al sector Las Tunitas de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, durante el 2010, con vistas a determinar las características del maltrato intrafamiliar en dicha comunidad. La muestra se seleccionó de manera no probabilística, intencional por juicio y se utilizó el porcentaje como medida de resumen. En la casuística prevaleció el maltrato en más de la mitad de los ancianos y fue proporcional el aumento de este con el incremento de la edad, con la menor escolaridad y la pertenencia a familias disfuncionales. Asimismo, la forma más frecuente de violencia fue el abuso psicológico por parte de los hijas e hijos y cónyuges, así como la ingestión de alcohol y las familias disfuncionales fueron los factores de riesgo más frecuentes, razón por la cual se sugirió realizar una intervención comunitaria encaminada a reducir el abuso en estos gerontes.
A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 240 aged persons belonging to Las Tunitas of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela during 2010, to determine the characteristics of the domestic abuse in that community. The sample was selected by means of judgment intentional non probabilistic method and the percentage was used as summary measure. Abuse prevailed in more than half of the elderly and its increase was proportional to the increasing age, with lower educational level and membership to dysfunctional families. Also, the most frequent form of violence was psychological abuse by daughters, sons and spouses, as well as alcoholism and dysfunctional families were the most common risk factors, reason why it was suggested to perform a community intervention aimed at reducing abuse in these elderly.
ABSTRACT
En el ámbito de los conflictos de pareja, cabe la posibilidad ante ciertas circunstancias psicosociales, del establecimiento de conflictos circulares o sin salida en los que pueden quedar atrapadas personas menores de edad. Estos conflictos tienden a extenderse al espacio de sede judicial, administrativo-legal (PANI), profesionales del sector legal en el ejercicio liberal de la profesión y sector salud, en donde en muchas ocasiones y ante la ausencia de mecanismos de comunicación/ coordinación, las necesidades emocionales y sociales de estos niños, niñas y adolescentes no son consideradas, focalizando la atención en el conflicto entre adultos, lo que da como resultado su triangulación. Esta situación, aparte de generar al sistema altos costos económicos de atención (múltiples profesionales intervinientes, procesos de atención prolongados y duplicidad de funciones), provoca un alto costo emocional en quienes la sufren, ya que presentan alta probabilidad de desarrollar una amplia variedad de síntomas compatibles con problemas tales como: desórdenes facticios, trastornos emocionales, de ansiedad y somatomorfos, problemas de ajuste e impulsividad, trastornos alimentarios y del sueño, entre otros.