cAMP-Epac1 signaling is activated in DDAVP-induced endolymphatic hydrops of guinea pigs

Abstract Objective To explore whether Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP)-Epac1 signaling is activated in 1-Desamino-8-D-arginine-Vasopressin-induced Endolymphatic Hydrops (DDAVP-induced EH) and to provide new insight for further in-depth study of DDAVP-induced EH. Methods Eighteen healthy, red-eyed guinea pigs (36 ears) weighing 200-350 g were randomly divided into three groups: the control group, which received intraperitoneal injection of sterile saline (same volume as that in the other two groups) for 7 consecutive days; the DDAVP-7d group, which received intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/mL/kg DDAVP for 7 consecutive days; and the DDAVP-14d group, which received intraperitoneal injection of 10 μg/mL/kg DDAVP for 14 consecutive days. After successful modeling, all animals were sacrificed, and cochlea tissues were collected to detect the mRNA and protein expression of the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP-1 and 2 (Epac1, Epac2), and Repressor Activator Protein-1 (Rap1) by Reverse Transcription (RT)-PCR and western blotting, respectively. Results Compared to the control group, the relative mRNA expression of Epac1, Epac2, Rap1A, and Rap1B in the cochlea tissue of the DDAVP-7d group was significantly higher (p< 0.05), while no significant difference in Rap1 GTPase activating protein (Rap1gap) mRNA expression was found between the two groups. The relative mRNA expression of Epac1, Rap1A, Rap1B, and Rap1gap in the cochlea tissue of the DDAVP-14d group was significantly higher than that of the control group (p< 0.05), while no significant difference in Epac2 mRNA expression was found between the DDAVP-14d and control groups. Comparison between the DDAVP-14d and DDAVP-7d groups showed that the DDAVP-14d group had significantly lower Epac2 and Rap1A (p< 0.05) and higher Rap1gap (p < 0.05) mRNA expression in the cochlea tissue than that of the DDAVP-7d group, while no significant differences in Epac1 and Rap1B mRNA expression were found between the two groups. Western blotting showed that Epac1 protein expression in the cochlea tissue was the highest in the DDAVP-14d group, followed by that in the DDAVP-7d group, and was the lowest in the control group, showing significant differences between groups (p< 0.05); Rap1 protein expression in the cochlea tissue was the highest in the DDAVP-7d group, followed by the DDAVP-14d group, and was the lowest in the control group, showing significant differences between groups (p< 0.05); no significant differences in Epac2 protein expression in the cochlea tissue were found among the three groups. Conclusion DDAVP upregulated Epac1 protein expression in the guinea pig cochlea, leading to activation of the inner ear cAMP-Epac1 signaling pathway. This may be an important mechanism by which DDAVP regulates endolymphatic metabolism to induce EH and affect inner ear function. Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 Levels of Evidence Level 5.

A Nomogram model for the early warning of essential hypertension risks based on the principles of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome elements / 数字中医药（英文）

@#[Objective] To construct a Nomogram model for the prediction of essential hypertension (EH) risks with the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome elements principles in conjunction with cutting-edge biochemical detection technologies. [Methods] A case-control study was conducted, involving 301 patients with essential hypertension in the hypertensive group and 314 without in the control group. Comprehensive data, including the information on the four TCM diagnoses, general data, and blood biochemical indicators of participants in both groups, were collected separately for analysis. The differentiation principles of syndrome elements were used to discern the location and nature of hypertension. One-way analysis was carried out to screen for potential risk factors of the disease. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to identify factors that contribute significantly to the model, and eliminate possible collinearity problems. At last, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to both screen and quantify independent risk factors essential for the prediction model. The “rms” package in the R Studio was used to construct the Nomogram model, creating line segments of varying lengths based on the contribution of each risk factor to aid in the prediction of risks of hypertension. For internal model validation, the Bootstrap program package was utilized to perform 1000 repetitions of sampling and generate calibration curves. [Results] The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk factors of EH included age, heart rate (HR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), uric acid (UA) levels, family medical history, sleep patterns (early awakening and light sleep), water intake, and psychological traits (depression and anger). Additionally, TCM syndrome elements such as phlegm, Yin deficiency, and Yang hyperactivity contributed to the risk of EH onset as well. TCM syndrome elements liver, spleen, and kidney were also considered the risk factors of EH. Next, the Nomogram model was constructed using the aforementioned 14 risk predictors, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.868 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 0.840 to 0.895. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were found to be 80.7% and 85.0%, respectively. Internal validation confirmed the model’s robust predictive performance, with aconsistency index (C-index) of 0.879, underscoring the model’s strong predictive ability. [Conclusion] By integrating TCM syndrome elements, the Nomogram model has realized the objective, qualitative, and quantitative selection of early warning factors for developing EH, resulting in the creation of a more comprehensive and precise prediction model for EH risks.

The protective effect of MANF on intestinal epithelial cell injury induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress / 中国药理学通报

Aim To observe the proteetive effect of meseneephalie astrocyte-de rived neurotrophic faetor (MANF) on intestinal epithelial eells under endoplas- mic reticulum stress (EH stress).Methods Normal human intestinal epithelial cell line FHs74Int was stimulated with EH stress inducers, tunicmycin (TM) and TNF-cx, then the expression of endogenous MANF was observed.The recombinant plasmids MANF-GFP and GFP were transfected into FHs74Int cells individually, the transfection efficiency was observed by fluorescence j j microscopy, and the effect of MANF on EH stress was observed by Western blot.The effect of MANF on the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells stimulated by TM was detected via CCK-8 assay.The effect of MANF on apoptosis after EH stress was detected by Western blot and flow cytometry.Results EH stress could induce the expression of endogenous MANE in intestinal epithelial cells.Overexpression of MANE significantly inhibited the expression of the EH stress-related proteins, Bip and CHOP, and promoted the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells.At the same time, it could reduce the production of the proapoptotic proteins cleaved-c a spa se-3 and Bax, increase the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2, and inhibit the proportion of early and late apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells.Conclusions MANF plays a protective role in inhibiting EH stress in intestinal epithelial cells by promoting cell proliferation and reducing apoptosis.

Serum mir-195-5p exhibits clinical significance in the diagnosis of essential hypertension with type 2 diabetes

OBJECTIVES: Diagnosis and management of essential hypertension (EH) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by combining comprehensive treatment and classificatory diagnosis have been continuously improved. However, understanding the pathogenesis of EH patients with concomitant T2DM and subsequent treatment remain the major challenges owing to the lack of non-invasive biomarkers and information regarding the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Herein, we collected 200 serum samples from EH and/or T2DM patients and healthy donors (N). Gene-expression profiling was conducted to identify candidate microRNAs with clinical significance. Then, a larger cohort of the aforementioned patients and 50 N were used to identify the correlation between the tumor suppressor miR-195-5p and EH and/or T2DM. The dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to explore the target genes of miR-195-5p. The suppressive effects of miR-195-5p on the 3′-UTR of the dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1) transcript in EH patients with concomitant T2DM were verified as well. RESULTS: Compared with that in other groups, serum miR-195-5p was highly downregulated in EH patients with concomitant T2DM. miR-195-5p overexpression efficiently suppressed DRD1 expression by binding to the two 3′-UTRs. Additionally, two single nucleotide polymorphisms, including 231T-A and 233C-G, in the miR-195-5p binding sites of the DRD1 3′-UTR were further identified. Collectively, we identified the potential clinical significance of DRD1 regulation by miR-195-5p in EH patients with concomitant T2DM. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggested that miR-195-5p circulating in the peripheral blood served as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for EH and T2DM, which could eventually help address major challenges during the diagnosis and treatment of EH and T2DM.

La vida cotidiana de las personas con Enfermedad de Huntington: el proceso de perderse de sí mismo / The Everyday Life of People with Huntington Disease: The Process of Losing Yourself

En esta investigación se preguntó por la vida cotidiana de las personas con Enfermedad de Huntington (EH), una enfermedad genética, neurodegenerativa que se desarrolla en la vida adulta joven y que se caracteriza por la triada de alteraciones de la conducta, motoras y cognitivas, lleva a la muerte en un proceso crónico de 10 a 20 años y aún no existe para ella tratamiento curativo, es considerada enfermedad huérfana debido a que se presenta en menos de 1 en 5000 personas en Colombia. El objetivo fue comprender cómo viven la vida cotidiana las personas con dicha enfermedad. Se utilizó como referente metodológico el paradigma comprensivo, siguiente los postulados de la teoría fundamentada de Strauss y Corbin. Los datos se construyeron a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas y en conversación informal, en visita familiar a personas afectadas o a riesgo, es decir, hijos de las afectadas. Fueron 33 participantes de diferentes regiones del país, como Bogotá, Medellín, Santa Marta y Chocó y principalmente Juan de Acostas en el Atlántico paradigmático por ser la segunda región del mundo con mayor número de afectados después de Venezuela; se complementó la información con entrevistas a familiares, cuidadores, líderes de asociaciones y personas expertas en el tema; se realizó revisión documental, observación participante y se elaboró diario de campo. El análisis y la recolección fueron concurrentes, se hicieron preguntas y comparaciones a los datos, de donde surgió la categoría central perderse de sí mismo hasta la muerte, para explicar la vida cotidiana de las personas con EH a partir de un esquema explicativo que se compone de cuatro categorías, el contexto que involucra las subcategorías el micro-contexto de las regiones, el sistema de salud, la situación económica y las intervenciones del estado y las asociaciones y fundaciones; la otra categoría tiene que ver con perderse de sí mismo, se compone de las subcategorías: lo que sabíamos de la enfermedad, reconocerse a riesgo, no darse cuenta, tener consciencia de la enfermedad, los cambios y las pérdidas; la dependencia y la pérdida del yo hasta la muerte y las consecuencias para los que cuidan. La otra categoría fue nombrada las relaciones de amores y amarguras apoyos y desafíos que se compone de los arreglos familiares, las relaciones difíciles distantes y dolorosas y las relaciones con los amigos y vecinos y la cuarta categoría, la vida cotidiana que se compone de organizar el tiempo, las mismas rutinas, el cuidado y la muerte. Las personas desarrollan la vida en un contexto de pobreza y precariedad, la cual se incrementa con la enfermedad que los empobrece más, al perder el empleo los pocos que lo tenían de manera formal, no logran la pensión de invalidez y la enfermedad incrementa los gastos con nuevas necesidades. La relación con el sistema de salud es difícil y no se compadece con la legislación que existe en nuestro Estado social de derecho; frente a estas condiciones en algunas regiones existen recursos del Estado para atender a aquellos que llegan a la vulnerabilidad psicosocial y desafiliación como la condición de calle. Las asociaciones y fundaciones emprenden acciones que no logran ser suficientes en medio de tanta precariedad. En esta complejidad de pobreza y enfermedad, las relaciones familiares aunque en muchos casos se des-configuran hasta el abandono, en otras se reconfiguran en arreglos familiares y apoyos solidarios en los que se comparte la pobreza. Las alteraciones de la salud mental de los afectados son un desafío para la convivencia. Cuando inician los síntomas muchos de los afectados no se dan cuenta de ello, lo que dificulta la atención y los pone en riesgo, al igual que a otros por su quehacer en la vida cotidiana. La enfermedad pasa por un proceso de cambios, pérdidas y deterioro tanto del cuerpo como de la mente, que además de llevar a la pérdida del yo, estigmatiza, sobre todo por los movimientos y las alteraciones de la conducta. Las personas van perdiendo lo que eran hasta llegar a requerir de un cuidador del cual llegan a ser dependientes al perder entre tantas otras cosas, el lenguaje, la deglución y la movilidad. En esta condición de cautiverio en su propio ser sin salida, se estructuró de los datos la teoría sustantiva sobre la vida cotidiana de las personas con enfermedad de Huntington: La inversión del mito de la caverna, de la alegoría de Platón que expresa que los habitantes de la caverna nacieron prisioneros y solo podían ver las sombras reflejadas por la hoguera en la pared; las personas afectadas por la EH, nacieron libres, al iniciar la enfermedad ingresan a la caverna, la cual los limita, los encoge, los reduce, los deja prisioneros en su propio cuerpo y del exterior solo tienen las sombras, los recuerdos. No hay salida de la caverna, la salida es la muerte. Conclusión: La vida de las personas con EH es de gran adversidad y precariedad, presentan necesidades especiales con relación a la población general por lo que su intervención, por la complejidad, requiere atención interdisciplinaria e intersectorial en la cual el cuidado de enfermería tiene importancia para ofrecer educación y liderar programas en todos los niveles de prevención. Las acciones de cuidado requieren enfermeros competentes con estructura en los patrones de conocimiento de Carper: empírico, personal, ético, estético y los de Chinn y Kramer sociopolítico y emancipatorio. (AU)

This research examined about people with Huntington's Disease daily life (HD), is a genetic, neurodegenerative disease that develops in young adult life and is characterized by triad alteration from behavioral, motor and cognitive disorders, It leads to death in a chronic process from 10 to 20 years and there is not curative treatment for it yet, it is considered an orphan disease because it occurs in less than 1 in 5000 people in Colombia. Its objective was to understand daily life from those people with this disease. A comprehensive paradigm was used as a methodological reference, following Strauss and Corbin's e postulates from grounded theory Data were constructed from semi-structured interviews and in informal conversation, in family visits to affected or at-risk people, that is, children of those affected. There were 33 participants from different regions of our country, such as Bogotá, Medellin, Santa Marta and Chocó and mainly Juan de Acosta in the Atlantic, paradigmatic for the reason that it is the second region in the world with the highest number of affected people after Venezuela; the information was complemented with interviews with family members, caregivers, association leaders and experts in this subject; Documentary review, participant observation and field diary was prepared. The analysis and collection were concurrent, questions and comparisons were made to the data, from which the central category arose from losing itself to death, to explain the daily life of people with HD from an explanatory scheme that is composed of four categories, the context involves the subcategories micro-context from regions, health system, the economic situation and the state's interventions and the associations and foundations; the other category has to do with losing oneself, it is made up by subcategories: what we knew about the disease, recognizing oneself at risk, not realizing it, being aware of the disease, changes and losses; dependence and loss of self until death and them consequences for those who care. The other category about family relationship was named the relationships of love and bitterness, supports and challenges that is made up, difficult distant and painful relationships and relationships with friends and neighbors and the fourth category, the daily life that is made up of organizing the time, the same routines, care and death. Due to poverty and precariousness's context in which people develop their life, it increases with this disease that impoverishes them, moreover, when they lost their employment: the few who had it formally lose their jobs, they do not obtain a disability benefits and the disease increases expenses with new essentials. Their relationship with the health system is difficult and does not concordance with our legislation that exists in our law at social state level; In the face of these conditions in some regions there are some resources from our state to meet those who reach psychosocial vulnerability and disaffiliation as the street condition. The associations and foundations undertake actions that cannot be enough in the midst of such precariousness. In this complexity of poverty and disease, family relationships, although in many cases they are family breakdown until abandonment, in others they are reconfigured into family arrangements and solidarity support in which poverty is shared. Mental health alterations from those suffered are challenge for a peaceable living. When those symptoms begin many of those affected do not realize it, which makes attention difficult and puts them at risk, as well as others for their daily life's work the disease goes through a process of changes, losses and deterioration of both the body and the mind, which in addition to leading to the loss of the self, stigmatizes, especially the movements and alterations of behavior. People lose what they were until they came to require a caregiver that they become dependent upon losing, among many other things, language, swallowing and mobility. In this captivity condition in his/her own dead-end being, the substantive theory about the daily life of people with Huntington's disease was structured from data: Cave myth, inversion is a Plato's allegory that expresses that the inhabitants Prisoners were born from the cave and could only see the shadows reflected by the fire on the wall; people affected by HD, were born free, at the beginning of the disease they enter into a cave, which limits them, shrinks them, reduces them, leaves them prisoners in their own bodies and from the outside they only have shadows, memories. There is no exit from this cave, his/her exit is death. Conclusion: Daily life from people with HD is of great adversity and precariousness, they have special essentials in relation to general population, so their intervention, due to the complexity, requires interdisciplinary and intersectoral assistance in which nursing care is important for offer education and lead programs at all levels of prevention and include palliative care at the end of life. Care actions require competent nurses with structure in Carper's knowledge patterns: empirical, personal, ethical, aesthetic and those of socio-political and emancipatory Chinn and Kramer. (AU)

A Neuronal Pathway that Commands Deceleration in Drosophila Larval Light-Avoidance / 神经科学通报·英文版

When facing a sudden danger or aversive condition while engaged in on-going forward motion, animals transiently slow down and make a turn to escape. The neural mechanisms underlying stimulation-induced deceleration in avoidance behavior are largely unknown. Here, we report that in Drosophila larvae, light-induced deceleration was commanded by a continuous neural pathway that included prothoracicotropic hormone neurons, eclosion hormone neurons, and tyrosine decarboxylase 2 motor neurons (the PET pathway). Inhibiting neurons in the PET pathway led to defects in light-avoidance due to insufficient deceleration and head casting. On the other hand, activation of PET pathway neurons specifically caused immediate deceleration in larval locomotion. Our findings reveal a neural substrate for the emergent deceleration response and provide a new understanding of the relationship between behavioral modules in animal avoidance responses.

Adjuvant treatment of acupoint catgut embedding for essential hypertension and its effects on vascular endothelial function / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of acupoint catgut embedding assisting western medication and simple western medication on blood pressure and vascular endothelial function in patients with essential hypertension (EH), and to explore its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 125 cases were randomly assigned into an observation group (62 cases, 2 dropping) and a control group (63 cases, 3 dropping). Oral administration of lotensin (10 mg, once a day) was applied in the control group. Based on the treatment as the control group, acupoint catgut embedding was applied at Fengchi (GB 20), Ganshu (BL 18), Shenshu (BL 23), Quchi (LI 11), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Taichong (LR 3) in the observation group, once every two weeks, and six treatments was taken as one session. All the patients were treated for 3 months. The blood pressure and the vascular endothelial injury markers, including endothelin-1 (ET-1), nitric oxide (NO), high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP) were recorded before and after treatment in the two groups. In addition, the ET-1, NO and hsCRP were collected from 60 cases of healthy participants.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure reduced after treatment in the two groups (all <0.05), which were more significant in the observation group (<0.01, <0.05). Before treatment, compared with those of the healthy participants, ET-1 and hsCRP were higher but NO was lower in the observation group and the control group (all <0.05); after treatment, ET-1 and hsCRP were reduced and NO increased in the two groups (all <0.05), which were more significant in the observation group (all <0.05). After treatment, the differences of NO and hsCRP between the observation group and healthy participants were not significant (both >0.05). The marked effective rate was 70.0% (42/60) in the observation group, which was superior to 33.3% (20/60) in the control group (<0.05); the total effective rate was 96.7% (58/60) in the observation group, which was superior to 85.0% (51/60) in the control group (<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The vascular endothelial function is injured in EH patients. Based on lotensin treatment, acupoint catgut embedding could significantly improve blood pressure and vascular endothelial function.</p>

Motivation to perform presymptomatic testing in portuguese subjects at-risk for late-onset genetic diseases

El papel del psicólogo clínico en el contexto del consejo genético incluye brindar apoyo a los sujetos en riesgo en el proceso de toma de decisiones, independientemente de la decisión adoptada por el sujeto (conociendo o no el resultado de las pruebas genéticas). El estudio que se informa aborda la motivación para realizar las pruebas pre-sintomáticas (PPS) de sujetos en situación de riesgo para tres enfermedades: polineuropatía amiloide familiar (PAF), la enfermedad de Huntington (EH) y la enfermedad de Machado-Joseph (EMJ) y comparar con la motivación para realizar las PPS para hemocromatosis (HH). La muestra consistió en 213 sujetos portugueses que tenían riesgo genético para contraer las tres enfermedades y 31 sujetos en situación de riesgo genético para contraer hemocromatosis. Ellos fueron evaluados con una entrevista para obtener datos sociodemográficos y debían responder a una pregunta sobre la motivación para llevar a cabo las pruebas pre-sintomáticas. Se obtuvieron siete categorías principales y las siguientes son las más significativas para PAF, EH y EMJ: razones relacionadas con el futuro, razones relacionadas con los demás y razones relacionadas con la curiosidad y la necesidad de conocer. Para hemocromatosis, las más importantes resultaron ser razones relacionadas con los demás y las relacionadas con las características de la enfermedad. La motivación para realizar el test pre-sintomático (PST) de la PAF, EH y EMJ es externa y sin relación con la enfermedad, mientras que la motivación de los sujetos en situación de riesgo para la HH está relacionada con la enfermedad. Las razones relacionadas con los demás es una motivación común en ambos grupos. A los sujetos también les preocupa la posibilidad de transmitir la enfermedad a sus hijos.

The role of the clinical psychologist in the context of genetic counseling includes support for the process of decision-making for subjects at-risk, regardless of the decision that was made. For this, it is important to know the motivations behind these decisions. What may be considered advant-ageous and justifiable reasons to perform the PST for genetic diseases from the medical and public point of view, i.e., planning for the future, helping in the choice of a profession, family planning, improving quality of life and contributing to health, may not be recognized as such by the individual seeking the PST. This study addresses the motivation to perform the presymptomatic testing (PST) of subjects at-risk for three diseases, Familial Amyloid Polyneuro pathy (FAP), Huntington's disease (HD), and Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), compared with the motivation to perform the PST for Hemochromatosis (HH). FAP, HD and MJD are three genetic (monogenic) autosomal dominant late-onset diseases (LON-Ds) with no cure. FAP is a progressive sensorimotor and autonomic neuropathy of adult hood. HD is characterized by a triad of clinical symptoms of chorea (motor, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms), emotional distress and cognitive decline. MJD is characterized by slowly progressive clumsiness in the arms and legs, a staggering lurching gait, sometimes mistaken for drunkenness, difficulty with speech and swallowing, involuntary eye movements, and may be accompanied by double vision or bulging eyes, and lower limb spasticity. HH is a disease in which too much iron accumulates in parenchymal organs, leading to iron overload and subsequent organ toxicity and failure. The study participants consisted in 213 subjects at genetic risk for FAP, HD, and MJD and 31 subjects at genetic risk for HH, that were assessed through an interview to obtain sociodemographic data and the answer to one question about motivation to perform PST: "Which were the reasons that led you to perform the predictive test? "This study was carried out in Center for Predictive and Preventive Genetics (CGPP), Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), Porto (Portugal). This research used a mixed-method, since qualitative and quantitative techniques of data analysis were used. Before deciding to seek genetic counseling and to know their genetic status, subjects at-risk have naturally considered their motives and it was probably the pro-counseling reasons the ones dictating the motivation to perform the PST. This may suggest that in fact there is a prior self-selection to the test, i.e. only those considering to have emotional skills to go through the process, performing the test. Seven major categories were obtained. The most significant ones for FAP, HD and MJD were reasons related to the future, reasons related to others and reasons related to curiosity and to the need to know. For HH, the most important ones were reasons related to others and reasons related to the characteristics of the disease. The motivation of subjects at-risk to perform the PST for FAP, HD and MJD is external and unrelated to the disease, while the motivation of subjects at-risk to perform the PST for HH is related to the disease. Reasons related to others area common motivation: as subjects at-risk for FAP, HD and MJD, subjects at-risk for HH also chose reasons related to others as one of the most important motivations to carry out the PST. These subjects also care about the fact that they can transmit the disease to their children and care about other family members which are already ill. The category reasons related to others includes sub-categories that identify the person and the situation that led to the decision to perform a PST. Subjects at-risk are also concerned about the fact that they have to decide whether or not to have children and its economic implications.

Clinical efficacy of EH composite material combined with CAD/CAM technique in plastic treatment of unilateral micrognathia / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy in the treatment of unilateral micrognath ia by using EAM medical resin and hydroxyapatite (EH) composite material combined with the CAD/ CAM technique.Methods From July 2011 to October 2015,12 cases of unilateral micrognathia caused by different reasons were treated,based on the representative traits and requirements,refering to the unsymmetric counter part by right of CAD/CAM technique.By the 3-dimensional design and reconstruction,we reformed the EH composite material into purposed shape,and insert it in the operative area.Results All the materials were closely suitable to the mandible surfaces.1 case failed because the wound was torn apart;the other 11 patients recovered more than 6 months and were satisfied with the external appearance.Conclusions The EH composite materials combined with CAD/ CAM techniques could be a potential characterized remedy for the unilateral micrognathia.

Honey mediated silver nanoparticles and their inhibitory effect on aflatoxins and ochratoxin A.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have potential antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. The synthesis of AgNPs have been reported using several chemical and physical methods which are not friendly environment. Therefore, our technique has focused on the synthesis of AgNPs by natural compounds. The aim of this study has been to synthesis AgNPs by safe nontoxic method using Egyptian honey (EH) as reducing and capping agents and to investigate its ability to reduce the mycelial growth and the production of aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA) by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus ochraceus, respectively. AgNPs have been characterized by UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM).The obtained results indicated that the synthesis of honey AgNPs depends on the concentration of bulk metal (AgNO3) used in the synthesis process. The TEM image has revealed the formation of spherical well dispersed AgNPs, while the main size of AgNPs detected by DSL is 9.9 nm. Our results have indicated that 3 mg -100 ml media of honey derived AgNPs have reduced the aflatoxin (AF) G1, G2, B1 andB2 production by A. parasiticus to 77.55, , 62.91, 58.76 and 66.56%, respectively and ochratoxin A (OTA) by A. ochraceus to 79.85 % with significantly inhibitory effect on mycelial growth. The percentage of reduction depends on the AgNPs concentration.

Epithelioid Haemangioma – A Diagnostic Dilemma.

Epithelioid haemangioma (EH), synonymously termed as angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia, is a rare lesion whose etiopathogenesis is unclear. Clinically it manifests as solitary or multiple nodules in the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the head and neck region. It can also arise in the deep tissues such as muscle, bone and lymphnode. Intra oral involvement is less common and very few cases have been reported in the literature. Common intra oral sites include lip followed by buccal mucosa and tongue. Epithelioid Haemangioma affecting alveolar mucosa is very rare. We report one such case of epithelioid hemangioma of size 4x4 cm on lower right alveolar mucosa in 38 year old female patient.

THE CLINICAL EFFECT OF IRBESARTAN COMBINED WITH ATORVASTATIN ON LEFT VEN-TRICULAR HYPERTROPHY (LVH) IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERTENSION (EH) / 现代医院

Objective To discuss the clinical effect of irbesartan combined with atorvastin on LVH in EH patients. Methods 52 EH patients with LVH during December 2010 and December 2012 were chosen as research objects and ran-domly divided into 2 groups.Control group (24 cases) was treated with irbesartan on basis of routine treatment while observa-tion group (28 cases) was treated with irbesartan combined atorvastin on basis of routine treatment.Clinical effects of the 2 groups were observed and compared.Results After treatment, BP and LVMI of the 2 groups both improved obviously and the improvement effect of observation group was better than control group (p<0.05).Clinical effective rate of observation group was 96.43% while control group was 83.33% (p<0.05).Conclusion Irbesartan combined atorvastin is an effective medi-cation method for treatment of LVH of patients with EH and is worth of being popularized in clinical work.

Association between four SNPs of eNOS gene and EH in Ningxia Hui population * / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the correlation between 4 SNPs of eNOS gene and EH in Ningxia Hui population ,and to provide theory basis for taking precautions against .Methods Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymor-phism(PCR-RFLP) genotyping method were carried out to examine SNPs at rs2070744(T>C) ,rs1799983(G> T) ,rs1800780(A>G) and rs3918181(A>G)sites of eNOS gene ,including 134 EH patients and 115 healthy individuals in Ningxia Hui population .For EH patient-control haplotype analyses ,SHEsis online haplotype analysis software was applied .Results The genotypic frequencies of rs1800780 and rs1799983 had significant difference between patients group and normal group (P<0 .05);The allele frequency of rs1799983 had significant difference between patients group and normal group(P<0 .05);and the frequency of G allele in EH group was less than healthy controls ,which OR value was 3 .851(95% CI:2 .236 -6 .631) .According to the four SNP sites 15 kinds of haplotype were detected ,of which haplotype CGAG ,TTAG ,TGGG ,TTGG ,TTGA in Ningxia Hui healthy people and in patients with EH had a statistics difference(P<0 .05) .haplotype CGAG ,TGGG OR of 0 .352 ,0 .600 ,95% CI less than 1;haplotype TTAG OR 2 .689 ,95% CI greater than 1 .Conclusion haplotype with the emergence of CGAG ,TGGG may reduce the risk of EH Hui na-tionality .haplotype the emergence of TTAG may increase the risk of EH Hui nationality .

Relationship between angiontensin Ⅱ type2-receptor gene polymorphism and essential hypertension in men / 基础医学与临床

Objective To investigate the relationship between AT2-receptor 1675A/G gene polymorphism and essential hypertension in men.Methods The 113 EH male patients and 101 controls were born in Jining.The 1675A/G polymorphism of AGTR2 gene was detected by PCR,HRM and gene sequencing.Results There was difference in genetypes(AA,GG) distribution and allele frenqency of AGTR2 1675A/G between male EH and control group (P＜0.05).Genotypes(AA,GG) distribution in EH group[56(49.6%) and 57(50.4%)]are significantly higher than that in control group [32 (31.7%) and 69 (68.3%)](P＜0.05).Allele frenqency in EH group[A:112(49.6%) and G:114(50.4%)]is significantly higher than that in control group[64(31.7%) and 138(68.3%)](P＜0.05).Conclusion The 1675A/G polymorphism of AGTR2 gene may be associated with male EH in Jining area,Shandong province.

Genetic analysis of ?-ADDUCIN and GNB3 in essential hypertension patient / 基础医学与临床

Objective To explore the polymorphism at position G460W of ?-ADDUCIN and at position C825T of GNB3,and the genetic interaction between ?-ADDUCIN and GNB3 genes in a QiQihr essential hypetension population.Methods Three hundreds and thirty-one patients with EH and two hundreds and ninety-three healthy controls were enrolled.Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP technique.Results(1)genotype distributions of ?-ADDUCIN G460W(GG 0.177 vs 0.160,GW 0.580 vs 0.481,WW 0.242 vs 0.359,P=0.006) and GNB3(CC0.177 vs 0.353,CT 0.468 vs 0.541,TT 0.355 vs 0.106,P

Effects of Impaired Glucose Metabolism on Heart Rate Variability and Blood Pessure Variability in Essential Hpertensive Patients / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To investigate the effects of impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) on cardiovascular autonomic nervous systems in essential hypertensive (EH) patients by comparing heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure variability (BPV) in EH patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Simultaneous 24-h recordings of ambulatory ECG and blood pressure monitoring were performed in 36 male old patients with simple EH and 33 male old patients with EH combined with T2DM. HRV analysis included time domain parameters such as SDNN, SDANN, SDNNi, rMSSD and pNN50, and total spectral power (TP) of HRV, which mainly consists of VLF, LF and HF component along with LF/HF ratio, was also obtained. The value of ambulatory blood pressure was represented as the mean blood pressure (mean systolic/mSBP, diastolic/mDBP and pulse pressure/mPP)during different periods (24 h/24 h, day time/d and night time/n). Standard deviation (SD) as well as coefficient of variance (CV) of blood pressure during each above-mentioned period were obtained to reflect the long-term BPV. Our result showed that SDNN, SDNNi, SDANN, rMSSD, PNN50, TP and HF of HRV in cases of EH with T2DM were all significantly lower than those in simple EH subjects (P＜0.05). No significant differences in VLF or LF was found between the two groups (P＞0.05), while LF/HF ratio was significantly higher in EH with T2DM patients than in simple EH subjects (P＜0.01).Moreover, dmSBP, 24 h-mPP and dmPP were all significantly higher in EH with T2DM patients than in simple EH subjects (P＜0.05), while nmSBP, 24 h-mSBP, 24 h-mDBP, dmDBP, nmDBP or nmPP showed no significant difference between this two groups of patients (P＞0.05). And dSBPSD,dSBPCV and 24 h-SBPSD were all significantly higher in EH with T2DM patients than in simple EH subjects (P＜0.05), while the other BPV indexes showed no significant difference between this two groups (P＞0.05). It is concluded that the cardiovascular autonomic nervous systems in EH patients was further impaired by T2DM, displaying lowering of HRV and enlargement of BPV, which in turn induced abnormal structural and functional changes of cardiovascular systems. Therefore, improving cardiovascular autonomic nervous systems might reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular complications in the EH patients with IGM.

The Ratio of CD44 Epithelial Variant Transcript to CD44 Hematopoietic Variant Transcript: Prognostic Significance in Gastric Adenocarcinoma

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the ratio of CD44 epithelial variant transcript to CD44 hematopoietic variant transcript in gastric adenocarcinoma. METHODS: We performed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions for CD44 expression in tumor tissue and adjacent noncancerous mucosa obtained from the surgical specimens of 35 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. We determined the epithelial/hematopoietic variant (E/H) ratio in each specimen. We also probed the difference between the tumor (T) E/H and noncancerous mucosa (N) E/H and analysed its correlation with clinicopathological parameters including Lauren's classification, the status of differentiation, the depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, perineural invasion, clinical stage and disease-free survival rate. RESULTS: The mean of the E/H ratio was higher in the tumor tissue than in the adjacent noncancerous mucosa (0.13 vs. 0.09), but lacked statistical significance. The T(E/H) ratio demonstrated significant correlations with Lauren's classification (P<0.05) and differentiation (P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between the T(E/H) ratio and other clinicopathological parameters. The T(E/H)-N(E/H) in patients with intestinal type was 0.15 0.24, as compared with 0.08 0.40 in patients with diffuse type (P<0.05). In patients with differentiated tumor, the T(E/H)-N(E/H) was 0.15 0.25, as compared with 0.07 0.39 in patients with undifferentiated tumor (P<0.05). There was no difference in the disease-free survival between the patients with higher T(E/H)-N(E/H) and those with lower T(E/H)-N(E/H) (22 months vs. 19 months in median). CONCLUSION: The prognostic significance of CD44 E/H ratio in gastric adenocarcinoma is still unclear. However, our results suggest that CD44E/H ratio is a potential prognostic factor in patients with differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma.