A case report on SMART-EST action plan with lifestyle medicine approach in the non-pharmacologic management of the metabolic syndrome

@#Obesity and overweight are considered health risks for non-communicable diseases. Most clinical practice guidelines suggest lifestyle modification as the primary management and as an adjunct to pharmacologic treatment. Using the SMART-EST goaloriented action plan and lifestyle medicine may improve weight reduction outcomes. The case presented had clinical criteria (3/5) for metabolic syndrome, diagnosed previously as obese stage II, asthma moderately uncontrolled, prediabetes, and mild dyslipidemia. Baseline weight and waist-to-hip ratio were taken and interpreted as obese stage II with a very severe risk for comorbidity. The diagnostics used were fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile, HbA1c, and 2-D echocardiography on the eight months of intervention only. Using the SMART-EST action plan plus Lifestyle medicine approaches as non-pharmacologic management for metabolic syndrome. There was an 11.4 % reduction in weight, improved fasting glucose, lipid profile, and 2-D echocardiography within the eight months of intervention.

Large-scale advances in SSR markers with high-throughput sequencing in Euphorbia fischeriana Steud

BACKGROUND: Euphorbia fischeriana Steud is a very important medicinal herb and has significant medical value for healing cancer, edema and tuberculosis in China. The lack of molecular markers for Euphorbia fischeriana Steud is a dominant barrier to genetic research. For the purpose of developing many simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers, we completed transcriptome analysis with the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. RESULTS: Approximately 9.1 million clean reads were acquired and then assembled into approximately 186.3 thousand nonredundant unigenes, 53,146 of which were SSR-containing unigenes. A total of 76,193 SSR loci were identified. Of these SSR loci, 28,491 were detected at the terminal position of ESTs, which made it difficult to design SSR primers for these SSR-containing sequences, and the residual SSRs were thus used to design primer pairs. Analyzing the results of these markers revealed that the mononucleotide motif A/T (44,067, 57.83% of all SSRs) was the most abundant, followed by the dinucleotide type AG/CT (9430, 12.38%). Using 100 randomly selected primer pairs, 77 primers were successfully amplified in Euphorbia fischeriana Steud, and 79 were successfully amplified in three other related species. The markers developed displayed relatively high quality and cross-species transferability. CONCLUSIONS: The large number of EST-SSRs exploited successfully in Euphorbia fischeriana Steud for the first time could provide genetic information for research on linkage maps, variety identification, genetic diversity analysis, and molecular marker-assisted breeding.

Genetic diversity and differentiation of nine populations of the hard clam (Meretrix petechialis) assessed by EST-derived microsatellites

BACKGROUND: Meretrix petechialis is one of the commercially important marine bivalves. In this study, we selected six highly polymorphic EST-derived microsatellite markers to assess the genetic diversity and population differentiation on nine wild populations of Meretrix petechialis. RESULTS: The number of alleles detected per-locus ranged from 4 to 30 (mean NA = 27.5) with a total of 165 alleles. The mean value of observed and expected heterozygosities varied from 0.717 to 0.861 and from 0.797 to 0.856, respectively. Meanwhile, the result of Neighbor-joining and overall FST = 0.214 (P < 0.01) reveled that M. petechialis populations from GX are the farthest populations, a certain degree of genetic variation among individuals in each population and the genetic differentiation is significant. CONCLUSIONS: GX population has high genetic diversity among individual, and there are certain differences in genetic characteristics among different populations. This study will provide a basis for the domestication and cultivation of genetic diversity of M. petechialis population and the protection of clam germplasm resources.

Evaluation comparative de l'activité anti-oxydante des extraits éthanoliques des feuilles d'Olea europaea L. de l'Est Algérien / Comparative evaluation of antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts from leaves of Olea europaea L. from Eastern Algeria

Introduction: Objectif-Dans les dernières décennies il y a eu un intérêt croissant pour l'étude des plantes médicinales et leur utilisation traditionnelle pour le traitement de diverses maladies. L'olivier ou Olea europaea L. constitue une entité indissociable des peuples méditerranéens. Cette plante appartient à la grande famille des oleaceae. L'objectif de cette étude a été d'évaluer l'activité anti-oxydante des extraits éthanoliques de quatre variétés sauvages de la plante O.europaea des régions de l'Est algérien : Batna et Mila (hautes-plateaux), Biskra (Sahara) et Skikda (ville côtière). Matériels et méthodes - L'évaluation de l'activité anti-oxydante in vitro des extraits éthanoliques de la plante O.europaea a été réalisée par différentes méthodes, notamment le piégeage du radical libre DPPH• et le pouvoir réducteur des ions ferriques. Résultats : L'analyse quantitative des extraits éthanoliques des feuilles de la plante O.europaea a révélé que l'extrait de Mila était plus riche (420.36 mg GAE/g MS), suivi de celui de Batna (396.84 mg GAE/g MS), puis celui de Biskra (de 380.69 mg GAE/g MS) et enfin de l'extrait de Skikda (368.45 mg GAE/g MS). Les résultats de l'activité antiradicalaire des extraits éthanoliques ont montré que ceux de Batna et Mila possédaient le pouvoir le plus important. Conclusion -Les résultats obtenus confirment favorablement l'utilisation des feuilles d'O.europaea en médecine traditionnelle algérienne pour le traitement de diverses maladies.

Introduction-Objective-In recent decades the study of medicinal proprieties of Olea europaea showed an increase interest of medicinal plants and their traditional use for the treatment of various diseases. The olive tree or Olea europaea L. is an inseparable entity of the Mediterranean people. This plant belongs to the large family of oleaceae. The purpose of this study was to assess the antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extracts from four wild varieties of O.europea in the eastern regions of Algeria: Batna and Mila (highlands), Biskra (Sahara) and Skikda (coastal city). Material and methods - The evaluation of the antioxidant activity in vitro of the ethanolic extracts of O.europaea plant was carried out by various methods, in particular, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging effect and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Results -Quantitative analysis of ethanolic extracts from the leaves of the plant O.europaea revealed that Mila's extract was richer (420.36 mg GAE / g DM), followed by that of Batna (396.84 mg GAE / g DM), then that of Biskra (380.69 mg GAE / g MS) and finally by Skikda extract (368.45 mg GAE / g MS). The results of DPPH free radical scavenging of the ethanolic extracts showed that those of Batna and Mila had the most important power. Conclusion - The obtained results favorably confirm the use of O.europaea leaves in traditional Algerian medicine for the treatment of various diseases.

Analysis on SSR loci in transcriptome and development of molecular markers in Polygonatum cyrtonema / 中草药

Objective: EST-SSR loci were identified and analyzed based on the transcriptome sequencing data in Polygonatum cyrtonema, in order to develop SSR markers suitable for evaluation and application of germplasm resources on P. cyrtonema. Methods: SSR loci were identified and analyzed in all of 126 544 Unigenes by using MISA tool. SSR primers were designed by using Primer 3.0 software and 50 pairs of SSR primers were randomly selected for validation test. Results: A total of 12 317 SSR loci, including the types of 2-6 nucleotide repeats with occurring frequency of 1/5.91 kb, were identified from 9 982 Unigenes in P. cyrtonema transcriptome. The distribution frequency of SSRs was 9.73%. Dinucleotide repeat was the main type, accounting for as much as 53.14% of all SSRs, followed by trinucleotide repeat (33.31%). The validation test on 50 pairs of SSR primers showed that 29 of them (58%) generated fragments with expected molecular size from P. cyrtonema. The capillary electrophoresis using fluorescence-labeled SSR markers showed that nine genotypes were identified at seven SSR loci in P. cyrtonema, which further demonstrated the validity of these SSR primers. Conclusion: There are numerous SSRs in P. cyrtonema transcriptome with high frequency, rich repeat types and relatively high polymorphic, which will provide abundant valuable candidate markers for genetic diversity analysis and genetic mapping construction in P. cyrtonema, also can be used as a technical tool for molecular identification among Polygonatum species and for molecular marker assistant breeding in superior cultivars of P. cyrtonema.

Construction of full-length cDNA library from Antrodia cinnamomea mycelium and EST sequence analysis / 中草药

Objective: To excavate the terpenoid synthesis and metabolism-related gene function and screen the interaction protein and fingerprint analysis of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelium, a cDNA library from A. cinnamomea mycelia was constructed and the EST sequences were analyzed. Methods: The cDNA library from the A. cinnamomea mycelium was constructed by the Gateway technique. A part of EST sequences about the bioinformatics, functional annotation and EST-SSR were analyzed. Results: The cDNA library of the A. cinnamomea mycelium was constructed successfully. The recombinant rate of the cDNA library was 95%, the titer of the library was 6.1 × 106 cfu/mL, the total cloning number was 1.2 × 107 cfu, the length of cDNA was between 300-2 000 bp with an average length of 1 000 bp. The clones were randomly sequenced and 65 valid ESTs were obtained. After being compared in the Genbank database, 45 ESTs had a definite annotation, and 18 ESTs were unnamed and hypothetical protein. The results with GO functional annotation showed that the ESTs involved the cell composition, transport, catalytic activity, regulation functions and etc. It contained 271 SSRs of all the ESTs in total. The nucleotide repeats in A. cinnamomea were abundant, among which dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeat units were more common accounting for 94.23%. Conclusion: The cDNA library from the A. cinnamomea mycelium and its ESTs related biological information were preliminarily identified, which will provide a theoretical foundation for research the mycelium genomics of A. cinnamomea.

Construction of EST-SSR identification system for Lilium lancifolium and main edible Lilium / 中草药

Objective: To develop the EST-SSR molecular identification system of Lilium lancifolium, Lilium davidii var. willmottiae, Lilium regale, Lilium casa blanca and Lilium brownie var. viridulum, and analyze the development efficiency and identification ability of EST-SSR molecular marker technology for Lilium genus. Methods: The MISA.pl program was used to identify the SSR locus of the EST gene sequence published by NCBI. The EST-SSR primers were generated by Primer3 program module, and the primers were screened by PCR amplification and agarose gel electrophoresis. The primary screening primers were verified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the characteristic bands of different germplasms were labeled and analyzed to construct an identification system. Results: A total of 199 pairs of SSR primers were designed. After screening 26 pairs of primers, two pairs of highly efficient primers were obtained. The molecular identification system constructed by primer JZ391 can effectively identify the mixed commercial materials, which had certain practical value. Conclusion: Based on the extreme genetic characteristics of the research materials, this identification marker development is very efficient. The results confirm that the genetic basis of the species is an important factor affecting the development efficiency of its EST-SSR molecular marker. At the same time, this case can be used as a reference for the development of EST-SSR markers for other Chinese medicinal herbs similar to Lilium genus.

Transcriptomic EST-SSR primer development and genetic diversity analysis of Picria felterrae / 中草药

Objective To explore genetic diversity of and genetic relationships among 18 Picria felterrae populations to provide references for the resource assessment and utilization. Methods The genetic diversity of 18 P. felterrae populations were analyzed using the EST-SSR primer development technology and SSR molecular markers, and cluster analysis was performed based on genetic distances to determine the relationships among those populations. Results A total of 48 pairs of polymorphic primers were selected from 100 pairs of EST-SSR markers, of which 20 pairs were randomly selected and used for amplification of 18 populations. A total of 71 alleles were amplified, 3.55 alleles per primer. Among the primers, the percentage of polymorphic loci (P) varied from 0 to 40.7%, with an average of 19.9%; The polymorphism information content (PIC) varied from 0 to 0.794 1, 0.397 7 on average; The Shannon diversity information index (I) varied from 0 to 1.814 3, with an average of 0.808 4; Obs_Het varied from 0 to 0.442 3, with an average of 0.212 7; And the Exp_Het varied from 0 to 0.826 9, with an average of 0.455 8. For the 18 populations, the Inbreeding Coefficient (Fis) varied from -0.095 3 to 0.663 9, with an average of 0.159 2; The inbreeding coefficient of subgroups (Fit) varied from 0.062 6 to 0.858 7, with an average of 0.537 2; The genetic differentiation coefficient (Fst) varied from 0 to 0.686, with an average of 0.449 6; The gene flow (Nm) varied from 0.114 4 to 0.759 4, with an average of 0.306 1. For the 18 samples tested, the gene diversity index (Nei) varied from 0 to 0.401 6, the I varied from 0 to 0.620 9, Wuzhou Guangxi having the maximum value and Longtan Yunnan the minimum value. Menglong and Jingha, two towns in Yunnan, had the shortest genetic distance (0.031 9), whereas Longzhou Guangxi and Menghai Yunnan had the maximum genetic distance (0.963 8). The 18 populations could be divided into four groups at the location where genetic distance was 0.321 3. The three populations in Guangxi belonged to the same group, populations from Menglong, Menglun and Mengzhe of Yunnan belonged in the same group, populations from Mengsong Yunnan became an independent group, and the rest belonged in the fourth group. Conclusion The genetic differentiation levels of 18 populations were not consistent, and the heterogeneity difference was significant. The gene flow among populations was small, which indicated that the population gene exchange was low. A certain inbreeding rate exists among the populations. The relationship among populations was influenced by geographical isolation and environmental factors. Key words:

Endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation for common bile duct stones / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To study the clinical efficacy and safety of endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation (EPLBD) in the treatment of common bile duct (CBD) stones.Methods This retrospective study of EPLBD for CBD stoneswas conducted between May 2015 and March 2017 on 116 patients.The patients were divided into two groups based on the different methods of treatment:group A (the EPLBD group) and B(the EST + EPBD group).Results Treatment with EPLBD when compared with EST + EPBD produced similar outcomes with regard to the overall stone removal rates (96.2％ vs.93.5％,P ＞ 0.05) and complete ductal clearance in one session (92.6％ vs.92％,P ＞0.05).There were no significant differences in the rates of overall complication (22.2％ vs.22.2％,P ＞ 0.05),hemorrhage (7.4％ vs.11.3％,P ＞ 0.05),post-ERCP pancreatitis (9.3％ vs.6.6％,P ＞ 0.05) and acute cholangitis (5.6％ vs.8.1％,P ＞0.05).When compared with EST + EPBD,mechanical lithotripsy was performed less in the EPLBD group (16.6％ vs.27.4t％,p ＜ 0.05).Conclusions EPLBD was an effective and safe method to treat CBD stones.EPLBD reduced the use of mechanical lithotripsy when compared with EST + EPBD.

Study of time selection for treatment of choledocholithiasis and cholecystolithiasis with laparoscopic cholecystectomy after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography / 中国现代普通外科进展

Objective:Clinical study in the treatment of common bile duct stones combined with ERCP and EST.Methods:the October 2014-2017 year in February for hepatobiliary surgery inour hospital after ERCP combined with LC in the treatment of patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis in 158 cases.According to ERCP postoperative LC interval difference divided into ERCP definite operation LC group(104 cases) and ERCP Elective operation LC surgery group(54 cases).The definite operation for ERCP LC group is LC line 24h-72h,another is the patients were givenLC for 3 months after ERCP.The clinical efficacy,LC operation time,hemorrhage,the gallstone is discharged into the bile duct,recurrent cholecystitis,bile leakage,length of stay and medical fee were compared between the two groups (ERCP definite operation LC group of single hospitalization time;ERCP Elective operation LC surgery group of two hospital hours together),average ERCP times,medical expenses.Results:all of the two groups were cured after operation.length of sta is long and medical expensive which was selected a time to do (P＜0.05).Conclusion:ERCP definite operation of LC group in the treatment of common bile duct stones and gallbladder stones surgery is safe,less medical expenses,hospitalization time is short,patients recover quickly,the burden is small.

Genetic diversity of natural Gardenia jasminoides populations based on EST-SSR analysis / 中草药

Objective The genetic diversity of the natural populations of Gardenia jasminoides were investigated to provide scientific basis for its resources protection and rational utilization. Methods Fourteen pairs of EST-SSR primers were screened in 19 natural populations of 573 individuals to calculate the genetic parameters of G. jasminoides, and further cluster analysis was then carried out. Results Fourteen pairs of EST-SSR primers generated 75 loci, which showed high genetic diversity maintained in natural populations of G. jasminoides (He = 0.703). Mean population gene diversity (Nei) within populations was 0.603, the Shannon’s diversity index (I) was 1.10. Moderate genetic differentiation (Fst= 0.141) and high gene flow (Nm = 1.523) among populations have been showed too. AMOVA analysis revealed that genetic variation within populations was the main sources of total variation. The Mantle test showed there was no significant correlation between genetic distances and geographic distances. Moreover, significant bottlenecks effects in two-phased model of mutation (TPM) test in 73.7% populations were detected in recent history. Conclusion The results in this study indicated that high level genetic diversity were existed in the natural G. jasminoides populations.

EST-SSR analysis of genetic diversity of Psammosilene tunicoides in Yunnan- Guizhou provincial region / 中草药

Objective To analyze the genetic diversity and variation of Psammosilene tunicoides in Yunnan-Guizhou provincial region. Methods The genetic diversity of different populations of P. tunicoides with high polymorphism was analyzed by using EST-SSR primers developed from transcriptomic sequencing technique. Results A total of 17 530 SSR-containing EST sequences were obtained by transcriptomic sequencing, 14 pairs of polymorphism EST-SSR primers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 17 populations of P. tunicoides in Yunnan-Guizhou region, the results showed that the P. tunicoides in different populations had a high level of genetic diversity with the polymorphic information content (PIC) in the range from 0.350 0 to 0.795 0 in locus level; and had a lower value in group level with percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) of 64.29%-100%. And the range of Nei’s genetic similarity coefficient was from 0.188 2 to 0.477 7 with mean value of 0.323 2. The gene flow in P. tunicoides in Yunnan-Guizhou region was small with Nm mean value of 0.302 0, and there is a large genetic differentiation between groups with Fst mean value of 0.452 9. Conclusion Transcriptomic sequencing enriched P. tunicoides EST database. The genetic diversity of P. tunicoides might be related to the long evolutionary history of reproductive pattern and distribution area. And there was a highly genetic diversity among the populations of P. tunicoides in Yunnan-Guizhou region, it might be that the geographic barrier cut off the genes exchange among different populations.

Evaluation of effect of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and laparoscopic bile duct exploration lithotomy in treatment of intra/extra-hepatic duct stones / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and laparoscopic bile duct exploration lithotomy (LBDEL) in treatment of intra/extra-hepatic duct stones. Methods There were 110 patients whose intrahepatic stones located in Ⅰ , Ⅱ hepatic duct and 378 patients whose stones only located in the common bile duct. These patients respectively underwent LBDE combined with choledochoscope laser lithotripsy or ERCP combined with endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) and endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) to remove the stones. Common bile ducts were performed primary suture or T tube placement in the LBDEL cases. The evaluation was carried out for perioperative complications and postoperative recovery of the surgical methods. Results The residual stone rate was 31.82% in 110 cases. The rate was higher in ERCP group (51.06%) than that in LBDEL group (17.46%) (P < 0.05). Postoperative recovery was better in LBDEL group than that in ERCP group. The residual stone rate was 8.20% in 378 cases. The rate was lower in ERCP group (3.68%) than that in LBDEL group(11.63%) (P < 0.05). Between the two groups, there had no statistical significance in postoperative recovery. The incidences of bile leakage and pulmonary infection were higher in LBDEL group than in ERCP group. The incidences of abdominal cavity infection, acute pancreatitis, digestive tract perforation and gastrointestinal bleeding were higher in ERCP group than that in LBDEL group. 2 of the 378 patients occurred death were happened digestive tract perforation which were induced during ERCP procedure. Conclusion LBDEL and ERCP demonstrated the same therapeutic effects in the treatment of common bile duct stones. However, ERCP has no large advantages in the treatment of hepatolithiasis, and shows higher complication rates. LBDEL has a significant curative effect for intra-and extrahepatic bile duct calculi and can maintain the integrity of Oddi sphincter. This technology is easy to spread to the basic-level hospital to benefit the majority of patients.

EST-SSR identification, markers development of Ligusticum chuanxiong based on Ligusticum chuanxiong transcriptome sequences / 中国中药杂志

Ligusticum chuanxiong is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine plant. The study on its molecular markers development and germplasm resources is very important. In this study, we obtained 24 422 unigenes by assembling transcriptome sequencing reads of L. chuanxiong root. EST-SSR was detected and 4 073 SSR loci were identified. EST-SSR distribution and characteristic analysis results showed that the mono-nucleotide repeats were the main repeat types, accounting for 41.0%. In addition, the sequences containing SSR were functionally annotated in Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway and were assigned to 49 GO categories, 242 KEGG pathways, among them 2 201 sequences were annotated against Nr database. By validating 235 EST-SSRs,74 primer pairs were ultimately proved to have high quality amplification. Subsequently, genetic diversity analysis, UPGMA cluster analysis, PCoA analysis and population structure analysis of 34 L. chuanxiong germplasm resources were carried out with 74 primer pairs. In both UPGMA tree and PCoA results, L. chuanxiong resources were clustered into two groups, which are believed to be partial related to their geographical distribution. In this study, EST-SSRs in L. chuanxiong was firstly identified, and newly developed molecular markers would contribute significantly to further genetic diversity study, the purity detection, gene mapping, and molecular breeding.

Application of sEST+EPBD in patients with mild or moderate biliary pancreatitis / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To explore the clinical value of sEST+EPBD applied in patients with mild-to-moderate biliary pancreatitis. Methods We selected out 60 cases mild or moderate biliary pancreatitis from January, 2013 to December, 2015, and randomly divided these cases into control group, EST group and sEST + EPBD group. We compared serological indexes, postoperative inflammation index, concurrent operation, hospitalization and follow-up indicators of these three groups. Results The levels of serum amylase, CRP and PCT were no statistical significance in three groups (P > 0.05). Total lengths of hospital stay and recurrence of pancreatitis in EST groups and sEST + EPBD group were significantly shorter than in control group (P < 0.05), and the total cost of hospitalization in sEST + EPBD group was obviously lower than in control group (P < 0.05). The level of postoperative serum amylase in sEST + EPBD group was obviously higher than in EST group, and the total length of hospital stay, cost and operative complications in sEST+EPBD group was significantly lower than that in EST group (P < 0.05); However, within one year, recurrences of pancreatitis and rates of cholecystectomy were no significant differences in these two groups. Conclusion sEST+EPBD is an effective and safe treatment in mild or moderate biliary pancreatitis, and can reduce the length of hospital stay and cost, operative complications, and assist the implementation of interval laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Analysis on EST-SSR in transcriptome of medicinal leeches and mining of anticoagulant related functional molecular markers / 中草药

Objective: To expand the exploitation and genetic diversity conservation of medicinal leech resources, the effective functional molecular markers for identification are needed to be developed by transcriptome-SSR analysis. Methods: Totally 14 samples including Poecilobdella javanica and Hirudo nipponia of Hirudinidae, Whitmania pigra Whitman of Haemopidae and Heamadipsa cavatuses sp. nov. of Haemadipsidae were used in transcriptomic analysis by RNA-seqencing, the simple sequence repeats (SSR) distribution characteristics of four species were compared, and transcriptomic comparation of hematophagia samples and hungry samples were carried out to investigate the anticoagulation involved unigene. Finally, the data in two groups were combined to mining functional EST-SSR involved in anticoagulation. Results: The SSR density analysis showed the gap lengths of SSR in transcriptome of Poecilobdella javanica, Hirudo nipponia, Whitmania pigra Whitman, and Heamadipsa cavatuses were 4 723, 6 026, 8 059, and 8 144 bp. In the four species, trinucleotide repeats occupied overwhelming majority in composition of EST-SSR; On the whole, distribution of SSR types can distinct from each other, and Heamadipsa cavatuses was particularly different from others. Moreover, we found that the anticoagulation involved unigene group containing SSR had high fragment-polymophism. Conclusion: For the four leech species, the characteristics of density, composition, and distribution of EST-SSR can reflect its classification relationship. Meanwhile, the EST-SSRs in unigenes which involved in anticoagulation and overlaped in four leech species are ideal fragment group for screening anticoagulation functional marker.

Discurso e identidade: a construção discursiva do Nordeste na mídia paraibana / Discourse and identity: the discursive construction of the Northeast in the paraibana media / Discurso e identidad: la construción discursiva del Nordeste en la mídia paraibana / Discours et identité: la construction discursive du Nord-Est dans la midia de la Paraíba

Este trabalho analisa as representações discursivas acerca do Nordeste Brasileiro na mídia paraibana, destacando as semelhanças e diferenças das representações atuais em relação às representações tradicionais que constituíram a identidade regional nordestina ao longo do século XX. Utilizamo-nos da técnica de Análise de Discurso desenvolvida pelos teóricos da Psicologia Social Discursiva. Foram analisadas as edições dominicais dos dois maiores jornais do Estado da Paraíba: Jornal da Paraíba e Correio da Paraíba, no período entre os meses de abril e julho do ano de 2012. Observou-se a presença recorrente de velhas imagens que associam o Nordeste a fenômenos como seca e subdesenvolvimento. Ao lado desses conteúdos, observou-se a emergência de novas representações que o apresentam como uma região em franco desenvolvimento econômico e social e como uma região produtora de conhecimento e tecnologia. Tais resultados mostram que a mídia paraibana constrói uma identidade nordestina multifacetada e contraditória.

The present study analyzes the discursive representations about Brazilian Northeast in the paraibana media, highlighting the similarities and differences of current representations in relation to traditional ones that constituted the Northeastern regional identity throughout the twentieth century. To do so, we used the Speech Analysis technique developed by theorists of Social Discursive Psychology. The Sunday editions of the two major newspapers in the state of Paraíba were analysed: Jornal da Paraíba and Correio da Paraíba, between April and July of 2012. In these sources were observed the recurring presence of old images that associate the Northeast to phenomena such as drought and underdevelopment. Futhermore, the emergence of new representations that portray northeast as a region in social and economic development and as a producer of knowledge and technology was noted. These results show that the paraibana media builds a multifaceted and contradictory northeastern identity.

Este trabajo analisa las representaciones discursivas acerca del Nordeste Brasileño en la mídia paraibana, destacando las semejanzas y diferencias de las representaciones atuales en relación a las representaciones tradicionales que constituiyeron la identidad regional nordestina al largo del siglo XX. Utilizandóse de la técnica de Análise del Discurso desenrollada por los teóricos de la Psicología Social Discursiva. Fueron analisadas las ediciones dominicales de los dos mayores periódicos del Estado de Paraíba: Jornal de Paraíba y Correio de Paraíba, enel período entre los meses de abril y julio del año de 2012. Observandóse la presencia recorriente de viejas imagens que associan el Nordeste a los fenómenos como la seca y sub-desarrollo. Al lado de estos contenidos, observandóse a la emergencia de nuevas representaciones que presentan como una región en franco desarrollo econômico y social y como una región productora de conocimiento y tecnología. Tales resultados muestran que la mídia paraibana construye una identidad nordestina multifacetada y contraditória.

Ce document analyse les représentations discursives au sujet du Nord-Est brésilien dans Paraiba médias, mettant en évidence les similitudes et les différences de représentations actuelles par rapport aux représentations traditionnelles qui constituaient l'identité régionale nord tout au long du XXe siècle. Nous comptons sur la technique d'analyse vocale développée par les théoriciens discursive Social Psychology. les éditions du dimanche ont été analysés à partir de deux grands journaux de l'État de Paraíba : Jornal da Paraiba et Correio da Paraíba, entre les mois d'Avril et Juillet 2012. Il y avait la présence récurrente de vieilles images qui associent le Nord-Est des phénomènes tels que la sécheresse et le sousdéveloppement. A côté de ces contenus, l'émergence a été observé de nouvelles représentations qui présentent comme une région de développement rapide économique et social et en tant que zone de production de la connaissance et de la technologie. Ces résultats montrent que les médias de paraibana construit une identité nord-est multiforme et contradictoire.

Love and sexual relationships in a globalized world / Relacionamentos amorosos e sexuais em um mundo globalizado / Rapports amoureux et sexuels dans un monde globalisé / Relacionamientos amorosos y sexuales en un mundo globalizado

With the development of globalized exchanges, sexual and/or sentimental relationships between developed and developing countries are becoming more and more frequent. Through the comparative study of relationships between Occidental and Thai or Malay people, we will see how Occidental and Oriental actors use hierarchies of gender, class and race to try to valorise their economic, cultural, social and symbolic capital. In Thailand, lower-class women seek access to financial stability while in the neighbouring country, upper-class women aspire to freedom from local culture. For Occidental men, what hides behind their desire of the “other” is a rejection of "Occidental values", especially sexual equality, and a return to values considered more "stable", "traditional", and "hierarchical". We will see how love interactions in a globalized context are an instrument to valorise the different forms of capital, in Bourdieu‟s sense, and a way to redefine social hierarchies.

Com o desenvolvimento dos intercâmbios globalizados, as interações sexuais e/ou amorosas entre os países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento se tornaram mais frequentes. Por meio de um estudo comparativo das relações entre Ocidentais e Tailandeses e Malaios, veremos como sujeitos Ocidentais e Orientais usam as hierarquias de gênero, classe e raça para valorizar seus capitais econômico, cultural, social e simbólico. Se na Tailândia, as mulheres oriundas das classes desfavorecidas buscam uma certa segurança financeira, no país vizinho, as mulheres das classes abastadas desejam a liberdade em relação à cultura local. Para os homens ocidentais, o desejo pelo "outro" esconde uma rejeição dos "valores ocidentais", particularmente a igualdade entre os sexos, e o desejo de retomar valores considerados mais "estáveis", "tradicionais" e "hierárquicos". Nós veremos como as interações amorosas globalizadas valorizam diferentes formas de capital, no sentido de Bourdieu, redefinindo hierarquias sociais.

Avec le développement des échanges mondialisés, les interactions sexuelles et/ou amoureuses entre les pays développés et en développement deviennent plus fréquentes. A travers l‟étude comparative des relations entre Occidentaux et Thaïlandais ou Malaisiens nous verrons comment, par le biais des hiérarchies de genre, de classe et de "race", les acteurs occidentaux et orientaux tentent de revaloriser leur capital économique, culturel, social et symbolique. Si en Thaïlande les femmes issues des classes défavorisées peuvent espérer une certaine assurance financière, dans le pays voisin les femmes d'un milieu aisé souhaitent accéder à davantage de liberté face à l'emprise de la culture locale. Ce désir de l'autre cache souvent chez les Occidentaux un rejet des dites "valeurs occidentales", notamment l'égalité des sexes, et une volonté de retour vers des valeurs considérées "stables", "traditionnelles" et "hiérarchisées".

Con el desarrollo de los intercambios globalizados, las interacciones sexuales y/o amorosas entre el Occidente y los países en desarrollo se tornan más frecuentes. Por medio de los estudios comparativos de las relaciones entre Occidentales y Tailandesas o Malayas vemos como, por la perspectiva de las jerarquías de genero, de clase y de “raza”, lo actores occidentales y orientales tienden a valorar sus capitales económicos, culturales, sociales y simbólicos. Si en Tailandia las mujeres oriundas de las clases desfavorecidas pueden esperar una cierta seguridad financiera, en el país vecino, las mujeres de las clases abastadas desean el acceso a la libertad frente a la cultura y de la religión locales. Este deseo por el otro esconde, frecuentemente, por parte de los Occidentales un rechazo de los dichos “valores occidentales”, particularmente a la igualdad entre los sexos, y una voluntad de retornar a valores considerados más “estables”, “tradicionales” y "jerárquicos”. Vemos así como las interacciones amorosas globalizadas son un instrumento de valorización de diferentes maneras de capital, no sentido de Bourdieu, y una manera de redefinir las jerarquías sociales.

Desenvolvimento de técnica para fidelização e otimização do tempo na captura de provisório imediato sobre implante em posicionamento ideal / Development of technique to fidelize and optimize treatment time in capturing of immediate provisional on optimal positioning

A Implantodontia caracterizou-se como um dos grandes avan‡os dentro da Odontologia moderna. Nas £ltimas d‚cadas, as inova‡ães e desenvolvimento dos implantes dent rios tˆm sido crescentes, e na necessidade de acompanhar tais evolu‡ães, as t‚cnicas no campo das pr¢teses e reabilita‡ães tamb‚m tiveram de se reinventar. Atualmente, um dos grandes trunfos do uso dos implantes dent rios ‚ associ -los a uma restaura‡Æo imediatamente ap¢s sua implanta‡Æo, com ganhos funcionais e, especialmente, est‚ticos. A previsibilidade do tratamento ‚ indispens vel no sucesso do mesmo. Assim, ‚ poss¡vel prever o posicionamento mais ideal para a restaura‡Æo imediata. Al‚m disso, configura-se como indispens vel a rapidez do procedimento, uma vez que quanto menos exposto ficar o campo cir£rgico, melhor ser  o comportamento p¢s-operat¢rio da regiÆo reabilitada. Portanto, no intuito de se conciliar fidelidade de posicionamento da restaura‡Æo imediata com rapidez e otimiza‡Æo do tempo transoperat¢rio, este artigo e seus autores se propãem a compartilhar uma t‚cnica desenvolvida para viabiliza‡Æo de tal procedimento de forma r pida e previs¡vel (T‚cnica da muralha e faceta adaptada - Palhares e Toniollo).

Implantology is one of the great advances in modern Dentistry. In recent decades innovations and development of dental implants are occurring continuously thereby techniques and rehabilitation also had to be reinvented. Currently, one of the great advantages of the use of dental implants is the possibility of associating them to a restoration immediately after their deployment, with functional and especially aesthetic gains. Predictability is essential to the success of the treatment. Thus, it is possible to predict the most optimal placement for the immediate restoration. Accelerating the procedure also seems to be fundamental since the less exposed the surgical field, the better the postoperative behavior of the rehabilitated area. Therefore, in order to reconcile fidelity and fast positioning of the immediate restoration to optimize time, this article and its authors intended to share a technique developed for the feasibility of this procedure in a quick and way (Technique of the wall and adapted veneer - Palhares and Toniollo).

Integração Periodontia/Dent¡stica na restauração estatica anterior / Integration between Periodontics on anterior aesthetic restoration

A discrepƒncia da margem gengival somada a pr¢teses muito opacas e restaura‡ães insatisfat¢rias podem comprometer completamente a harmonia de um sorriso. Ferramentas como fotografia odontol¢gica, planejamento reverso e advento da Odontologia adesiva sÆo de vital importƒncia em um caso de reabilita‡Æo est‚tica do sorriso. No caso apresentado ‚ mostrado como essas ferramentas podem auxiliar um bom planejamento e desenvolvimento do caso, garantindo resultados s¢lidos e previs¡veis. Foram utilizadas t‚cnicas de an lise dentofacial, enceramento diagn¢stico, moke-up, gengivectomia, clareamento dental e finalizado com facetas e coroas em dissilicato de l¡tio. Seguindo um protocolo de planejamento reverso ‚ poss¡vel obter resultados de excelˆncia envolvendo menos elementos dentais, com menor desgaste e est‚tica natural.

Gingival margin discrepancy plus opaque and unsatisfactory dental restorations can compromise significantly the harmony of the smile. Tools such as dental photography, reverse planning and the advent of adhesive dentistry are for the aesthetic rehabilitation of the smile. The reported case shows how these tools can aid proper planning and development of the case, ensuring solid and predictable results. Techniques such as dentofacial analysis, wax-up, moke-up, gingivectomy, dental bleaching, and lithium disilicate crowns and veneers were used in the following case. When the reverse planning protocol is followed it is possible to obtain excellent results involving less dental elements, with minor dental wear and natural aesthetics.