ABSTRACT
Este estudio transversal basado en la web investigó la asociación de edad, sexo y los síntomas de depre-sión, ansiedad y estrés con los problemas alimentarios (PAs) en adultos brasileños durante la pandemia del coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Se reclutó un total de 715 participantes (237 hombres y 478 mujeres) de todas las regiones de Brasil. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés 21 (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 [DASS-21]) y el Teste de Actitudes Alimentarias 26 (Eating Attitudes Test 26 [EAT-26]). El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante la prueba t independiente, la correlación de Pearson y el análisis de regresión múltiple. La regresión múltiple mostró que la puntua-ción total en DASS-21 contribuyó positivamente a los PAs en hombres (ß = 0.17, p < 0.01) y mujeres (ß = 0.22, p < 0.001). Los datos mostraron que las mujeres tenían más síntomas en todas las variables (p < 0.001). Los síntomas de DASS-21 se asocian con conductas de riesgo para PAs en adultos brasileños durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Este estudo transversal baseado na web investigou a associação de idade, sexo e sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse com problemas alimentares (PAs) em adultos brasileiros durante a pandemia da co-ronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Um total de 715 participantes (237 homens e 478 mulheres) foram recru-tados em todas as regiões do Brasil. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse 21 (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 [Dass-21]) e o Teste de Atitudes Alimentares 26 (Eating Attitudes Test 26 [EAT-26]). A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de teste t independente, correlação de Pearson e análise de regressão múltipla. A regressão múltipla mostrou que a pontuação total na Dass-21 contribuiu positivamente para PAs em homens (ß = 0,17, p < 0,01) e mulheres (ß = 0,22, p < 0,001). Os dados mostraram que as mulheres apresentaram mais sintomas em todas as variáveis (p < 0.001). Assim, os sintomas da Dass-21 foram associados a comportamentos de risco para PAs em adultos brasileiros durante a pandemia da Covid-19
This cross-sectional web-based study investigated the association of age, gender, and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress with eating problems in Brazilian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 715 participants (237 men and 478 women) were recruited from all regions of Brazil. The instruments used were the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and the Eating Attitudes Test 26 (EAT-26). Data analysis was conducted through the independent t test, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Multiple regression showed that DASS total score made the largest positive contribution to EP for men (ß = .17, p < .01) and women (ß = .22, p < .001). The data showed significant differences between men and women for all variables (p < .001), indicating that women presented more symptoms in all variables. Our findings show that symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress were associated whit risky behavior for EP in Brazilian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Feeding and Eating Disorders , COVID-19 , Brazil , Diet , Eating , Data AnalysisABSTRACT
Resumen: Los problemas pediátricos de la alimentación ocurren en una alta proporción de niños, y en especial en aquellos con trastornos del desarrollo. De no ser atendidos, estos problemas pueden tener repercusiones negativas en la salud de los infantes, como: pérdida severa de peso, malnutrición, retardo en el crecimiento, y en casos extremos la muerte. La aproximación del análisis conductual aplicado al desarrollo de métodos de evaluación y tratamiento de problemas de alimentación en niños ha probado ser exitosa para incrementar la ingesta, al mismo tiempo que disminuye la conducta desadaptativa. En este artículo, el primero de su tipo en lengua castellana, se realiza una revisión crítica de los métodos de evaluación y tratamiento desarrollados bajo una perspectiva analítico-conductual, se ejemplifica su aplicación en un caso clínico, y se plantean futuras líneas de investigación en esta área. Se concluye que los procedimientos desarrollados desde esta perspectiva han probado ser efectivos para tratar los problemas pediátricos de la alimentación. La investigación futura deberá enfocarse en delimitar los parámetros de los tratamientos en un esfuerzo por determinar la efectividad de estos, así como en desarrollar programas de entrenamiento para padres, con el fin de tratar y prevenir problemas de alimentación en sus hijos.
Abstract: Pediatric feeding problems occur in a significant proportion of children, especially, in those with developmental disabilities. If unattended, these problems can have negative effects on children's health, such as: severe weight loss, malnutrition, delayed linear growth and in extreme cases, death. The behavior-analytic approach to the assessment and treatment of feeding problems with children has proven to be successful in increasing appropriate eating while decreasing maladaptive behavior. In this paper, the first of its kind in Spanish, a critical review of assessment and treatment methods developed under a behavioral-analytic perspective is conducted, its clinical application is illustrated with a case study and new lines of research are proposed. It is concluded that the procedures developed within this perspective have proven to be effective for the treatment of pediatric feeding problems. Future research should focus on delimiting treatment parameters in an effort to determine the effectiveness of treatments, as well as developing parent-training programs to treat and prevent feeding problems in their children.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the eating problems of outpatient infants,preschool age children(1 to 7 years old) enrolled in the Department of Child Health Care,Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,and to analyze its correlation with children's physical development,so as to establish strategies for preventing abnormal eating habit in children.Methods A toll of 2458 children met the criteria,and caregivers (mothers) completed the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaires (CEBQ) in Department of Child Health Care,Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University were selected and the children's sociodemographic data and the morbidity of children eating problems were investigated.The correlation between children's body mass index(BMI) with children's eating problems was determined by using Chi-square test and multiple regression analysis.Results About 66.2％ (1627/2458 cases) had normal weight,and 10.8％ (257/2458 cases) and 8.5 ％ (210/2458 cases) were overweight (BMI ＞ P85-P95) or obese (BMI ≥ P95),respectively.The prevalence of eating behavior problems was detected during 25-36 months.For 1-to-7-year-old children,the highest detection rate of eating problems was inattention and eating at non-permanent locations,occupying 64.7％ (1590/2458 cases)and 50.5％ (1241/2458 cases),respectively;the prevalence rate of preferring to junk food was the lowest,accounting for 19.3％ (474/2458 cases).The children's eating problems had a high association with the children's BMI.Among them,children with eating problems,such as difficultly in accepting the varying food stuff[at the age of 12 month,odds ratio(OR)=11.50,95％ confidence interval(CI):1.84-72.16] and eating at non-permanent locations(at 25-36month,OR=1.77,95 ％ CI:1.11-2.83),were prone to be wasting away;children with eating problems,such as preferring to junk food (at 12 month,OR=5.08,95 ％ CI:1.43-18.00;13-18 month,OR=2.17,95 ％ CI:1.06-4.44),rarely eating vegetables or fruit (19-24 month,OR=4.06,95％CI:1.46-11.31) and inattention (12 month,OR=3.85,95 ％ CI:1.52-9.79),were associated with overweight or obesity (all P＜0.01).Conclusions There was a high prevalence of eating problems in children between 12-84 month(1-7 years old) in Nanjing.Improper children's eating behaviors can increase the risks of wasting away or children's overweight/obesity.