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Objective:To analyze the laboratory test results of two outbreaks of neonatal enterovirus infections in Guangdong Province in 2019 and the genetic characteristics of Echo11, aiming to provide reference for the prevention and control of neonatal enterovirus infections.Methods:The pathogenic specimens of neonatal cases suspected of enterovirus infection were collected. Fluorescence quantitative PCR and sequencing were used for enterovirus typing and identification, and virus isolation was carried out for positive specimens.The complete sequences of VP1 of Echo11 were amplified and sequenced and the phylogenetic analysis was performed using the bioinformatics software such as Danstar6, Bioedit7.09 and MEGA6.06.Results:A total of 93 specimens from 36 neonatal cases were collected. After identification, 55 specimens from 24 cases were positive for enterovirus, of which 23 cases were positive for Echo11 and one case was positive for Coxsackievirus B4(CVB4). A total of 29 enterovirus strains were isolated from the specimens of 19 cases, of which 28 were Echo11 from 18 cases, and one was CVB4. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the nucleotide homology between the 18 strains of Echo11 in this study was 98.2%-100.0%, and the nucleotide homology between the Echo11 strains causing the two neonatal infections was 99.7%-100.0% and 99.8%-100.0%, respectively. Echo11 could be divided into six genotypes as A, B, C, D, E and F, in which genotype A and genotype C were further divided into A1-5 and C1-4, and genotype D could be divided into D1-5. The 18 strains of Echo11 in this study were all subtype D5.Conclusions:In 2019, two outbreaks of neonatal infections in medical institutions in Guangdong Province were caused by Echo11, which belonged to the genotype D5.
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Objective To analyze the evolution and genetic characteristics of Echovirus 11 (Echo11) strains isolated from patients with hand food and mouth disease ( HFMD) in Henan province. Methods Enterovirus strains were isolated from stool samples of patients with HFMD from year 2010 to 2012.The sequences of VP1 region of all positive strains were amplified , sequenced and then analyzed by BLSAT to determine their genotypes .The entire VP1 coding regions of 10 Echo11 strains were amplified by RT-PCR, and the homology analysis was conducted among them and other Echo 11 strains published in Gen-Bank.A phylogenetic tree was constructed to evaluate the evolution of Henan isolates and the prevalence of different genotypes .Results From year 2010 to 2012 , 184 non-Enterovirus 71 ( EV71 ) strains and non-Coxsakievirus A16 (CA16) strains causing HFMD were isolated, 10 (5.43%) of with were Echo11 strains. There were 876 nucleotides ( nt) in the complete VP1 gene sequence , encoding 292 amino acids ( aa) .The 10 Echo11 strains shared 93.1%-100% homologies in nt sequences and 97.3%-100% in aa sequences. The homology analysis indicated that Henan strains and prototype strains were highly similar but different with the homology of 77.8%-78.8% in nt and 90.8%-91.8% in aa, respectively.Conclusion Echo11 was one of the pathogens causing HFMD in He-nan province and genotype A was the dominant genotype .
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ObjectiveTo study echovirus 11 ( ECHO11 ) sequences genetic variability of the VP1 gene of 82 isolates from 15 countries and 2 provinces in China.MethodsThe VP1 sequences of 82 strains of echovirus 11 were downloaded from the GenBank,and their nucleotide and amino acid diversity were calculated and phylogenetic tree was constructed using Mega software.Results82 echovirus 11 strains were divided into 4 genotypes( A-D),Genotype A is further divided into 7 subgenotyps and genotype D into 7 subgenotyps.The prototype strain Gregory is the sole member of genotype B.Genotype C is divided into 3 genotypes.The sequence diversity between echovirus 11 strains is 21.7%-24.1% (AA diversity:6.0%-12.1% ).ConclusionOur results show that most genotypes contain isolates that have circulated over a wide geographical(several countries from different continents) and temporal range.Several genotypes were also shown to co-circulate in a region during the same period of time,showing that the epidemic of echovirus 11 has typical time and geographical characters.
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Objective To analyze the evolution and genetic characterization of echovirus 11 (Echo11 ) from the acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases in Shandong province. Methods Isolation of Enterovirus was performed from stool samples of AFP cases from 1994 to 2009. All positive strains were sero-typed by neutralization test. Entire VP1 coding region from 27 strains typed as Echo 11 was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), and subsequently phylogenetic analyse on VP1 sequences from these strains and others published in GenBank were conducted. Results From 1994 to 2009, altogether 915 non-polio enterovirus (NPEV) strains were isolated with 79(8.6% ) isolates serotyped as Echo11. There were 876 nucleotides (nt) in the complete VP1 genes, encoding 292 amino acids (aa). The nt identities were 76.4%-100.0% among those Echo11 Shandong strains with the aa identities as 91.4% -100.0%. The nt and aa identities were 77.7%-80.7% and 90.7%-94.8% between Shandong strains and prototype strains, respectively.Conclusion All Echo11 strains could be divided into four genotypes. Shandong strains that forming three (A1, A2 and C1) new sub-genotypes, with every sub-genotype had several brands.Sub-genotype A1 appeared to be the lately circulating one.