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1.
Arch. méd. Camaguey ; 24(4): e7571, jul.-ago. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1131147

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Fundamento: los trastornos hipertensivos son considerados como la principal causa de morbimortalidad materna y fetal a nivel mundial y en Ecuador. Objetivo: describir el comportamiento clínico epidemiológico de los trastornos hipertensivos de la gestación en adolescentes. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo que incluyó las 59 de gestantes adolescentes que presentaron preeclampsia o eclampsias atendidas en el contexto de la investigación durante el periodo comprendido entre mayo y diciembre de 2017. Se aplicó un cuestionario de investigación para obtener la información relacionada con las variables de investigación definidas. Resultados: promedio de edad de 16,32 años, predominio de gestantes con color de la piel no blanco y nulíparas. Elevado número de comorbilidades asociadas con predominio del sobrepeso e hipertensión arterial; predominio de pacientes que no habían recibido tratamiento preventivo con calcio y aspirina. La cefalea y el edema en miembros inferiores fueron las complicaciones maternas más frecuentes. El sufrimiento fetal, el crecimiento intrauterino retardado y la prematuridad fueron las complicaciones fetales con mayor frecuencia de presentación. Conclusiones: el patrón clínico y epidemiológico de las adolescentes con preeclampsia y eclampsia coincide con lo reportado en la literatura universal. Se evidencian falencias en el programa de control de riesgo preconcepcional y en la calidad del seguimiento de las gestantes que motiva un aumento de la incidencia de eclampsia y preeclampsia.


ABSTRACT Background: hypertensive disorders are considered as the main cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide and in Ecuador. Objective: to describe the epidemiological clinical behavior of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in adolescents. Methods: a descriptive study was carried out which included the 59 of pregnant teenagers who presented preeclampsia and/or eclampsia attended in the context of the research during the period from May to December 2017. A research questionnaire was applied to obtain information related to the variables of defined research. Results: average age of 16.32 years, predominance of pregnant women with non-white skin color and nulliparous. High number of comorbidities associated with a predominance of overweight and arterial hypertension; predominance of patients who had not received preventive treatment with calcium and aspirin. Headache and edema in the lower limbs were the most frequent maternal complications. Fetal distress, delayed intrauterine growth and prematurity were the fetal complications with the highest frequency of presentation. Conclusions: the clinical and epidemiological pattern of adolescents with preeclampsia and eclampsia coincides with that reported in the universal literature. Failures are evident in the preconception risk control program and in the quality of the follow-up of pregnant women that motivates an increase in the incidence of eclampsia and preeclampsia.

2.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 25(4)jan. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-774697

ABSTRACT

Introdução: a pré-eclâmpsia (PE) é um distúrbio grave, com fisiopatologia ainda não bem compreendida, de elevada incidência e pode causar sérias consequências para a gestante e para o feto. Objetivo: descrever e analisar as características clínicas e sociodemográficas das gestantes com PE atendidas na maternidade de um hospital referência na região centro-oeste de Minas Gerais, bem como a epidemiologia da doença, os desfechos clínicos neonatais e das gestantes e as condutas terapêuticasrealizadas. Métodos: foi realizado estudo retrospectivo descritivo a partir da análise de prontuários médicos. Resultados: foi obtida incidência de PE de 1,44% na instituição. Entre as gestantes atendidas, 97,9% apresentaram níveis pressóricos compatíveis com PE. Não foram evidenciadas alterações laboratoriais significativas. Somente 8%das gestantes sofreram hemorragia pós-parto, 2% sofreram internação em centro de terapia intensiva e não houve algum óbito materno. Os desfechos neonatais foram mais desfavoráveis, com 25,3% de internação em centro de terapia intensiva e 7% de óbito do recém-nascido. Apenas 18% das parturientes tiveram uso de medicação para prevenireclâmpsia. Conclusão: o estudo permitiu evidenciar a necessidade de implementação de protocolo de atendimento e manejo para PE, a fim de promover melhorias e consolidar a assistência às pacientes usuárias do serviço em questão.


Introduction: preeclampsia (PE) is a serious disorder with little-understood pathophysiology,of high incidence and that can cause serious consequences for the pregnant woman and fetus. Objective: to describe and analyze the clinical and socio-demographic characteristics of pregnant women with PE assisted in the maternity ward of a referral hospital in central-western Minas Gerais as well as the disease epidemiology, neonatal and mother clinical outcomes, and therapeutic proceduresperformed. Methods: this was a retrospective descriptive study based on the analysis of medical records. Results: a PE incidence of 1.44% was observed in the institution. Among the pregnant women, 97.9% had blood pressure levels compatible with PE. Significant laboratory abnormalities were not observed. Only 8% of pregnant women suffered postpartum hemorrhage, 2% have been hospitalized in the intensive careunit, and there was no maternal death. The neonatal outcomes were less favorable with 25.3% hospitalizations in the intensive care unit and 7% newborn deaths. Only 18% of mothers used medication to prevent eclampsia. Conclusion: the study highlighted the need to implement a PE protocol and management in order to promote improvements and consolidate assistance to patients assisted in this service.

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