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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of intravitreal injection of conbercept on different types of macular edema (ME) induced by branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).Methods A prospective casecontrol study was designed.Fifty-six eyes of 56 patients diagnosed with ME secondary to BRVO in Weifang Eye Hospital between May 2016 and May 2017 were chosen for this study.According to the morphologies of ME through optical coherence tomography (OCT),patients were divided into 3 groups:15 cases 15 eyes with serous retinal detachment (SRD),19 cases 19 eyes with cystoid macular edema (CME),and 22 cases 22 eyes with mixed edema.All of the patients received intravitreal injection of conbercept using "1 +PRN" method and followed up for 6 months.When the change of central macular thickness (CMT) exceed 100 μm,repeat the injection.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and CMT before and after treatment for 1 week,1 month and 6 months and the average injection times were compared among different groups and time points.This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of Weifang Ophthalmic Hospital.Informed consent was signed from each patient before any treatments were proceeded.Results The differences of BCVA (LogMAR vision) at different time points before and after treatment among the 3 groups were statistically significant (Fgroup =105.834,P =0.000;Ftime =68.070,P =0.000).One month after treatment,BCVA in SRD group was the best,the next was CME group,and BCVA in mixed edema group was the poorest,and the difference between SRD group and mixed edema group was statistically significant (P＜ 0.05).Six months after treatment,BCVA in SRD group was the best,the next was CME group,and BCVA in mixed edema group was the poorest,the differences compared with each other were statistically significant (all at P＜0.05).The BCVA after treatment were improved than those before treatment in all the three groups,BCVA in 6 months after treatment was improved than that in 1 week and 1 month after treatment in each group,the differences were statistically significant (all at P＜0.05).The differences of CMT at different time points among the 3 groups were statistically significant (Fgroup =68.640,P =0.000;Ftime =29.783,P =0.000).CMT in mixed edema group before treatment was thicker than that in the SRD group and CME group,with significant differences between them (all at P＜0.05).The CMT after treatment were thinner than those before treatment in 3 groups,with significant differences between them (all at P＜0.05).With the extension of time,CMT was thinner gradually in each group,the differences of CMT in 1 week,1 month,6 months after treatment were statistically significant (all at P＜0.05).The number of injections in 6 months was statistically different among the three groups (F =12.479,P =0.000).The number of injections in SRD group was less than that in the CME group and mixed edema group,and the differences were statistically significant (P =0.001,0.000).Among the patients who still need to be injected or laser treatment after 6 months of treatment,1 patient was SRD type ME (6.7％),3 patients were CME type ME (15.8％),and 5 patients were mixed type ME (22.7％).Conclusions The efficacy of intravitreal injection with conbercept on different types of ME induced by BRVO was definitive,which can effectively improve BCVA and reduce ME;of which,the number of average injection times in SRD group is the least and its prognosis is best,just followed by CME group,while the number of injection times in mixed edema group is the largest and its prognosis is the poorest.
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Objective To investigate the effect of anti-snoring pillow for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with heart failure.Methods Forty seven HF patients with OSAHS and 12 HF patients with simple snoring were enrolled.All the patients were divided into 3 groups:control group (n =12),mild-moderate OSAHS group (n =26) and severe OSAHS group (n =21).All the patients received the treatment of anti-snoring pillow and their sleep apnea parameters were evaluated by PSG at the same time.Results The sleep apnea parameters including AHI,OAI,ODI,mean SpO2％ and snore index were significantly improved in severe and mild moderate OSAHS group with anti-snoring pillow.Conclusion Anti-snoring pillow can reduce snoring index in all OSAHS patients and simple snorers.Sleep apnea and hypoxemia were greatly improved in mild-moderate OSAHS-HF patient while the anti-snoring pillow is not perfect in severe OSAHS patients with HF to replace PAP.
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Objective: To investigate hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic potential of citrus peel extract and powder using rodent experimental modeling. Methods: Considering the fact, rat feeding trial was carried out for a period of 56 d to access the prophylaxis of citrus peel flavonoids by employing normal (study I), hyperglycemic (study II) and hypercholesterolemic (study III) rats. Each study was further divided into three groups to ensure the provision of selected diets, i.e., control, functional and nutraceutical diets. Each study was further divided into three groups to ensure the provision of selected diets, i.e., control, functional and nutra-ceutical diets. Results: Declining trend for total cholesterol was observed in all studies with maximum reduction(8.55%)in rat group fed on nutraceutical diet in study III.Likewise,levels of low density lipoproteins and triglycerides reduced 11.39% and 7.89% respectively in hypercholesterolemic rats. Moreover, nutraceutical diet alleviated the sera glucose level by 8.96% in study II. Conclusions: Conclusively,inclusion of citrus peel bioflavonoids in dietary therapies is a promising strategy to modulate lipidemic and glycemic attributes without imparting any deleterious effect on hematological parameters.
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Objective To investigate hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic potential of citrus peel extract and powder using rodent experimental modeling. Methods Considering the fact, rat feeding trial was carried out for a period of 56 d to access the prophylaxis of citrus peel flavonoids by employing normal (study I), hyperglycemic (study II) and hypercholesterolemic (study III) rats. Each study was further divided into three groups to ensure the provision of selected diets, i.e., control, functional and nutraceutical diets. Each study was further divided into three groups to ensure the provision of selected diets, i.e., control, functional and nutraceutical diets. Results Declining trend for total cholesterol was observed in all studies with maximum reduction (8.55%) in rat group fed on nutraceutical diet in study III. Likewise, levels of low density lipoproteins and triglycerides reduced 11.39% and 7.89% respectively in hypercholesterolemic rats. Moreover, nutraceutical diet alleviated the sera glucose level by 8.96% in study II. Conclusions Conclusively, inclusion of citrus peel bioflavonoids in dietary therapies is a promising strategy to modulate lipidemic and glycemic attributes without imparting any deleterious effect on hematological parameters.
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This study was aimed to observe the body weight and behavioral changes of heart-spleen deficiency mouseandtoassesstheefficacyofLing-Qi-Jia (LQJ)oralsolutiononqi-supplementingandmind-tranquilizing. The heart-spleen deficiency syndrome mouse model was established by using loading swimming anddrugdaily.Thebodyweight,foodconsumption,intestinepropulsion,tailsuspensiontest (TST),forced swimmingtest (FST),sleepingtimeandtheamountofbrainneurotransmitterweredetected.Theresultsshowed that mouse suffered loading swimming and drug formed heart-spleen deficiency syndrome model, which were indicated by lowering body weight and food consumption, shortened time in FST, prolonged accumulative immobility time in TST, intestine propulsion hyperfunction, shortened sleeping time and lowering brain neurotransmitter amount. LQJ oral solution can obviously improve experiment indexes mentioned above. It was concluded that LQJ oral solution, which can improve insomnia due to heart-spleen deficiency, might had close relation to the efficacy of qi-supplementing and mind-tranquilizing. Meanwhile, changes of brain neurotransmitters might also be the material basis on its efficacy.
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This study was aimed to observe behavioral changes of post-stroke depression (PSD) rats, and to assess effect ofJie-Du Tong-Luo(JDTL) capsule onqi-supplementing and depression-relieving. Microspheres were injected from external carotid artery of rats under anesthesia to prepare the multiple cerebral infarction. Aftermid long term feeding, PSD rat model was established. Then, open-field test (OFT), tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST) and glucose preference test were employed to study behavioral changes of rats. The results showed that rats suffered multiple cerebral infarction after mid long term feeding formed PSD, which were indicated by reduced food consume, slow body weight increasing, reduction of spontaneous movement and inquiry activity, prolonged accumulative immobility time in TST, FST and lowered glucose preference, compared with rats in the normal group. Compared with the model group, rats in the JDTL capsule group andBu-Chang Xin-Nao-Tonggroup showed larger body weight increase, higher scores in OFT, reduced immobility time in TST, FST, and elevated glucose preference. It was concluded that JDTL capsule had significant efficacy on rats’ body weight, behavior and glucose preference, which might be its pharmacological basis onqi-supplementing and depression-relieving.
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This study was aimed to explore the clinical efficiency of modified Xiao-Y ao (XY) powder and acupuncture in the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS). A total of 90 D-IBS patients were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group, with 45 patients in each group. Patients in the treatment group received acupuncture combined with modified XY powder. Patients in the control group received oral administration of montmorillonite powder, compound glutamine enteric-coated capsules, compound azintamide enteric coated tablet. Four weeks were one treatment course. After two treatment courses, the pretreatment and posttreatment symptom score, the score of Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD)/(HAMA), and the overall efficacy were compared. The results showed that compared with pretreatment, clinical symptoms were improved in varying degrees after treatment in both groups (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). HAMD and HAMA were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The treatment group had obvious advantages compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The overall efficacy of the treatment group was 91.11%, which was significantly higher than the control group of 68.89%(P < 0.05). It was concluded that modified XY powder and acupuncture can quickly relieve gastrointestinal symptoms, improve anxiety and depression. It is an effective treatment method for D-IBS.
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Background: In Kanchanaburi province located on the Thai-Myanmar border, Plasmodium falciparum parasites have developed significant resistance to commonly-used anti-malarials. For use against falciparum malaria, 2-day artesunate-mefloquine combination (MAS2) has recently been replaced by a 3-day artesunate-mefloquine combination (MAS3) that is an artemisinin-based combination therapy regimen recommended by the WHO. Objective: Investigate the efficacy and safety of MAS3 in the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in patients of Kanchaburi province. Methods: The study was conducted at Bongtee sub-district, Sai Yok district, Kanchanaburi province between June and November 2009. Fifty-one uncomplicated falciparum malaria patients were enrolled. Inclusion, exclusion and study method followed the WHO protocol for assessment and monitoring of antimalarial drug efficacy for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Patients received a MAS3 and were followed for 42 days. Results: All patients clinically recovered, but four patients were again parasitaemic on day 21, (1 patient) 28 (2 patients) and 42 (1 patient), respectively. Molecular analyses suggested that all recurrences were caused by recrudescence. There were no severe adverse events, but complaints of headache, gastrointestinal upset, nausea, and vomiting. Delay in parasite clearance was found. Proportion of parasite clearance on day 1, 2, 3 and 7 were 17.7%, 62.7%, 80.4%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: MAS3 is comparable to MAS2, and meet the WHO efficacy criteria for use against falciparum malaria, but the effect on parasite clearance was inferior to that of MAS2. Close monitoring evaluation is required.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of Xiaoyao pill on animal uterus and to evaluate its efficacy in regulating menstruation to serve as theoretical basis for its clinical application.METHODS:The convulsion model of both ex vivo and in vivo uterus of rats was induced by oxytocin and the effects of Xiaoyao pill on the tension as well as the contraction frequency change of smooth muscle of uterus were observed.RESULTS:Xiaoyao pill could markedly inhibit the enhanced activities of either ex vivo or in vivo uterus of rats induced by oxytocin,inhibit the tension of smooth muscle and slow down the contraction frequency.CONCLUSION:Xiaoyao pill has satisfactory efficacy in regulating menstruation.
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PURPOSE: To compare the clinical efficacy of iopamidol 370 and iopromide 370, as used in hepatic arteriography, in terms of their safety, patient tolerance, and image quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between February and April 2001, 30 patients (M:F=27:3; mean age, 57 years) with hepatocellular carcinoma underwent hepatic angiography in which iopamidol 370 was used for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TAE). Sensations of heat or pain following contrast injection, a patient's distress or discomfort levels, and any side effects of the contrast media were monitored, and afterwards patients were asked whether they were aware of any differences between iopamidol 370 and iopromide 370, which had been used in hepatic angiography for previous TAE prior to February 2001. Three experienced independent radiologists assessed the diagnostic efficacy of the contrast media in terms of overall image quality, which was statistically analysed using Wilcoxon's signed ranks test. RESULTS: No patient experienced sensations of heat or pain during angiography, or showed any objective distress or discomfort, though two suffered mild nausea during angiography with iopamidol 370. None was aware of any difference between iopromide 370 and iopamidol 370. In terms of overall image quality, the diagnostic efficacy of contrast media in all patients was 'good'to 'excellent', with no significant difference between iopromide 370 and iopamidol 370 (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: In hepatic arteriography, the clinical efficacy of iopamidol 370 is comparable with that of another nonionic contrast medium, iopromide 370, in terms of safety, tolerance, and image quality. Iopamidol 370 is thus a useful alternative medium.