ABSTRACT
Electronics industry is a typical labor-intensive industry in China. There are a lot of female workers and various occupational hazard factors in the workplace. This article reviewed the characteristics of employment of women in electronics industry, occupational hazards of exposure, protective measures, occupational disease situation, influence of reproductive health and mental health, and occupational health management. Electronics female emplyees have the priority in reproductive health and mental health. Besides, this group has poor protective measures, occupational health management and policy should be taken to enhance the level of women health in electronics industry.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the dosimetric profiles of electron beams (EB) and X-ray beams (XB) for boosting irradiation in breast cancer patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. METHODS: For 131 breast cancer patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery, we compared plans for EB and XB boost irradiation after whole-breast irradiation. The organs at risk (OAR) included the cardiac chambers, coronary arteries, ipsilateral lung, and skin. The conformity index (CI), inhomogeneity index (IHI), and dose-volume parameters for the planning target volume (PTV), and OAR were calculated. Postradiotherapy chest computed tomography scans were performed to detect radiation pneumonitis. RESULTS: XB plans showed a significantly better CI and IHI for the PTVs, compared to the EB plans. Regarding OAR sparing, the XB reduced the high-dose volume at the expense of an increased low-dose volume. In 33 patients whose radiation fields included nipples, IHI was higher in the EB plans, whereas the presence of a nipple in the radiation field did not interfere with the XB. EB-treated patients developed more subclinical radiation pneumonitis. CONCLUSION: XB plans were superior to EB plans in terms of PTV coverage (homogeneity and conformity) and high-dose volume sparing in OAR when used as boost irradiation after breast-conserving surgery. A disadvantage of the XB plan was an increased low-dose volume in the OAR, but this was offset by the increased electron energy. Consequently, tailored plans with either XB or EB are necessary to adapt to patient anatomic variance and tumor bed geometric properties.
Subject(s)
Humans , Breast Neoplasms , Coronary Vessels , Electrons , Lung , Mastectomy, Segmental , Nipples , Organs at Risk , Radiotherapy, Adjuvant , Skin , Thorax , X-Ray TherapyABSTRACT
Introdução: As diversas modalidades de tratamento para queloides isoladamente apresentam resultados desapontadores. O tratamento combinado de excisão cirúrgica e irradiação pós-operatória com elétrons é efetivo para a qualidade da cicatriz e redução da taxa de recidiva. Objetivo: Avaliar comparativamente dois esquemas de tratamento utilizando feixes de elétrons em termos de probabilidade de cura e efeitos colaterais na área irradiada. Métodos: Estudo clínico, prospectivo, comparativo e randomizado, realizado na Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (Unesp), no período de 2008 a 2010, incluindo pacientes no pós-operatório imediato de ressecção de queloides, divididos nos grupos G1 e G2 que receberam tratamento radioterápico com elétrons de um Acelerador Linear, 30Gy/10 frações para G1 e 32 Gy/16 frações para G2. O seguimento foi de 18 meses. Os resultados foram avaliados através de observação feita por dois avaliadores independentes e questionário aplicado aos participantes do estudo. Resultados: Fizeram parte do estudo 43 pacientes, 21 no grupo G1 e 22 no grupo G2. No grupo G1 houve 52,4% de bons resultados e 47,6% de recidivas. No grupo G2, 91% de bons resultados e 9% de recidivas. Conclusão: O esquema 32Gy/16 frações é superior ao esquema 30Gy/10 frações, com melhor resposta terapêutica e menos efeitos colaterais.
Introduction: While several keloid treatment modalities exist, they all offer disappointing results when performed in isolation. The combination of surgical excision and post-operative irradiation with electron beams is effective in improving the quality of scars and reducing the recurrence rate of the condition. Objective: To assess, on a comparative basis, the prospects for cure, and also side effects in the irradiated areas of two treatment methods using electron beams. Methods: A prospective, comparative and randomized clinical study was carried out at the Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-UNESP, in Botucatu (SP), Brazil, between 2008 and 2010. The study included patients who were post-operative after their treatment for the resection of keloids. The study population was divided into groups G1 and G2, having received radiotherapy treatment with electrons from a linear accelerator at 30 Gy/10 fractions and 32 Gy/16 fractions, respectively. The patients were followed up with for 18 months. Results were assessed through the observation of two independent evaluators and the distribution of a questionnaire to study participants. Results: Forty-three patients were investigated (21 in G1 and 22 in G2). 52.4% showed good results in G1, with a recurrence rate of 47.6%. In G2, 91% showed good results, with a 9% recurrence rate. Conclusion: The 32 Gy/16 fractions method was proved to be superior to the 30 Gy/10 fractions method, resulting in a better therapeutic response and fewer side effects.
ABSTRACT
Existem diversas modalidades de tratamento para queloides que isoladamente apresentam resultados desapontadores. O tratamento combinado de excisão cirúrgica e irradiação pós-operatória com elétrons é efetiva para a qualidade da cicatriz e redução da taxa de recidiva. Avaliar comparativamente dois esquemas de tratamento utilizando feixes de elétrons em termos de probabilidade de cura e efeitos colaterais na área irradiada. Este é um estudo clínico, fase III, prospectivo, randomizado, realizado na Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-UNESP, no período 2008 a 2010, incluindo pacientes, no pós-operatório imediato de ressecção de queloides, divididos nos grupos G1 e G2 que receberam tratamento radioterápico com elétrons de um Acelerador Linear, 30 Gy/10 frações para G1 e 32 Gy/16 frações para G2. O seguimento foi de 18 meses. Os resultados foram avaliados através de observação feita por dois avaliadores independentes e questionário aplicado aos participantes do estudo. Fizeram parte do estudo 43 pacientes, 21 no grupo G1 e 22 no grupo G2. No grupo G1 52,4%% apresentaram bons resultados e 47,6% de recidivas. No grupo G2, 91% de bons resultados e 9% de recidivas...
There are many different treatments for keloids that alone show disappointing results. The combined treatment of surgical excision and irradiation post- operative with electrons is effective for the quality of the scar and reduction of the rate of recurrence. To compare two treatments using different quantity of electron beams in terms of the probability of cure and side effects in the area irradiated. This is a clinical study, fase III, prospective, randomized, carried out at the Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP, in the period 2008 to 2010, including patients, in the immediate postoperative period of resection of keloids, divided in G1 and G2. Patients received radiotherapy with electrons of a Linear Accelerator, 30 Gy/10 fractions for G1 and 32 Gy/16 fractions for G2. The follow-up was 18 months. The results were assessed by means of observation made by two independent evaluators and the questionnaire applied to participants of the study. The study involved 43 patients, 21 in group G1 and 22 in group G2. In group G1 52.4 %% showed good results and 47.6 % of relapses. In group G2, 91% of good results and 9% of relapses...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Keloid , Radiotherapy , SkinABSTRACT
Introdução: A cirurgia de queloides, como terapêutica isolada, apresenta altos índices de recidiva, sendo necessário adicionar terapias adjuvantes. Queloides recentes são ricos em fi broblastos, que são altamente radiossensíveis, fato que explica os bons resultados da radioterapia percutânea pósoperatória. Objetivo: Comparar os resultados de betaterapia com a técnica que usa feixe de elétrons em queloides recém-operados. Material e Métodos: Delineou-se um estudo prospectivo, comparativo e randomizado, incluindo pacientes, no período pós-operatório imediato de cirurgia excisional de queloides, divididos nos grupos G1 e G2, que receberam respectivamente tratamento com placas de Sr90 (betaterapia)ou com elétrons do Acelerador Linear. O acompanhamento foi de 10 anos. A avaliação dos resultados foi realizada por meio de informações dos pacientes, parâmetros fotográfi cos, observação e mensuração das lesões, segundo os seguintes critérios: Inalterado, Regular, Bom e Ótimo. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 26 pacientes, 13 em cada grupo. No G1, 54% apresentaram critérios de melhora inalterado e regular, e 46% apresentaram os critérios bom e ótimo. No G2, esses resultados foram, respectivamente, 23% e 77%. Conclusão: A irradiação com feixe de elétrons é superior à betaterapia para o tratamento de queloides operados, devido à melhor distribuição no tecido. Não foram observados tumores radioinduzidos.
Introduction: The surgery of keloids as an individual therapy with high rates of recurrence needs adjuvant therapies as complement. Recent keloids are rich in fi broblasts, which are highly radiosensitive and what explains the good results of percutaneous radiotherapy after surgery. Objective: To compare the beta-therapy results with electron-beam technique in newly operated keloids. Material and Methods: a prospective, comparative and randomized study was outlined including patients in the immediate postoperative period of surgical excision of keloids. Divided in G1 and G2 groups respectively, they received treatment with Sr90 (beta-therapy)plates or with electrons from the linear accelerator. The monitoring lasted 10 years. The results were performed using the information from patients, photograph parameters, observation and measurement of injuries, according to the criteria: Unchanged, Regular, Good and Excellent. Results: There were 26 patients, 13 in each group. In G1, 54% presented regular and unchanged improvement criteria and 46% had good or excellent criteria. In G2, the results were respectively 23% and 77%. Conclusion: The irradiation with electron-beam is better than beta-teraphy for the treatment of keloids surgery, due to the distribution in the tissue. No radio-induced tumors were observed.