Effect of elongated-needle by Hui-puncture method on piriformis syndrome / 针刺研究

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of elongated needle by Hui-puncture method in the treatment of piriformis syndrome. METHODS: A total of 100 piriformis syndrome patients were randomly divided into routine acupuncture group (n＝50) and elongated needle by Hui-puncture method (Hui-puncture) group (n＝50). For patients of the routine acupuncture group, Huantiao (GB30), Juliao (GB29), Zhibian (BL54), Weizhong (BL40), Yanglingquan (GB34), Juegu (GB39) and Ashi-point on the affected side of the body were punctured with filiform needles for 30 min. And for those of the Hui-puncture group, elongated needles were respectively inserted into GB30 and Ashi-point. The treatment was conducted once every other day for 10 times. The visual analog scale (VAS) pain score and the severity scores of symptoms (hip pain, lower limb pain, walking ability, straight leg elevation test, piriformis muscle tension test, piriformis muscle tenderness, 0-15 points) were measured before and after the treatment. The therapeutic effect was assessed by Criteria for Diagnosis and Assessment of Therapeutic Effect of Syndromes or Illnesses of Traditional Chinese Medicine (1994). RESULTS: After the treatment, the scores of symptoms and VAS scores of both routine acupuncture and Hui-puncture groups were significantly decreased in comparison with their own pre-treatment (P<0.05), and the scores of the two indexes of the Hui-puncture group were evidently lower than those of the routine acupuncture group (P<0.05). Of the two 50 cases in the routine acupuncture and Hui-puncture groups, 39 and 47 were effective, with the effective rate being 78.00% and 94.00%, respectively. The comprehensive therapeutic effect of the Hui-puncture group was significantly superior to that of the routine acupuncture group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Elongated-needle by Hui-puncture method has significant effect in treating piriformis syndrome patients and is worthy of promotion.

Effects on urinary retention after spinal cord injury treated with acupuncture at Zhibian (BL 54) and Shuidao (ST 28) with elongated needle / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical effects of acupuncture with elongated needle on urinary retention after spinal cord injury.@*METHODS@#A total of 66 patients with urinary retention after spinal cord injury were randomized into an elongated needle group (34 cases) and a filiform needle group (32 cases). In both of the groups, the routine orthopedic treatment and the bladder function training were adopted. Additionally, in the elongated needle group, the acupuncture at Zhibian (BL 54) and Shuidao (ST 28) was used with the elongated needle. In the filiform needle group, the acupuncture with filiform needle was used at Zhibian (BL 54) and Shuidao (ST 28). In both of the groups, acupuncture treatment was provided once every two days, for 2 months consecutively. Separately, before treatment and after 1, 2 month treatment, the residual urine volume, urodynamic parameters (bladder capacity, peak urinary flow rate and bladder pressure) and safety indicators were observed in the patients of the two groups. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#As compared with the results before treatment, the residual urine volume was reduced obviously (all <0.01), bladder capacity, peak urinary flow rate and bladder pressure were improved obviously (all <0.01) after 1, 2 month treatment in the two groups. After 1, 2 month treatment, the residual urine volume in the elongated needle group was lower than the filiform needle group (both <0.01). The improvements in bladder capacity, peak urinary flow rate and bladder pressure in the elongated needle group were superior to the filiform needle (all <0.01). The total effective rate was 94.1% (32/34) in the elongated needle group, higher than 71.9% (23/32) in the filiform needle group (<0.01). During treatment, there was no damage of kidney function, no fainting or broken needle happened in the two groups.@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture with elongated needle achieves the significant effects on urinary retention after spinal cord injury. This therapy is better than acupuncture with filiform needle and safe in operation.

Hybrid operation for stylocarotid artery syndrome: A case report and literature review / 中国脑血管病杂志

Stylocarotid artery syndrome is a rare condition resulted from compression of the internal or external carotid artery by the styloid process of temporal bone. Patient was presented with left limbs weakness, then compression of the right carotid artery by elongated styloid process was found. He was treated by styloid process truncation with hybrid technique. After operation, compression of carotid artery was relieved. No arterial perforation or dissection happened. This case demonstrated that treatment of carotid artery stylocarotid syndrome with hybrid operation that combines endovascular techniques, radiological imaging and surgical resection can be minimally invasive, safe and effective.

An Abnormally Long Styloid Process With Ossification Of The Stylohyoid Ligament

The styloid process of the temporal bone is an elongated bony projection presenting a variable length asdemonstrated in osteometric and radiological studies conducted with different techniques: three-dimensionalcomputed tomography (3dct) or dental panoramic three-dimensional scanning. An elongated styloid processcan cause neck pain , dysphagia, headache, sore throat, ear pain, mandibular dysfunction which characterizeEagle’s syndrome. Here we present a rare image of an abnormally long styloid process with ossification of leftstylohyoid ligament belonging to a bone collection of the local anatomical museum , part of our department,and discovered during routine osteology classes .Also if a direct relation between the length of the styloidprocess and syndrome of Eagle is not always obvious ,radiologists , neurologists,neurosurgeons, dentists,anesthetists and otolaryngologists could be aware of this bone anomaly to diagnose this syndrome

Effectiveness comparison of channel-assisted mini-incision and open Achilles shortening for treatment of healed Achilles tendon rupture / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To compare the clinical effectiveness between the channel-assisted mini-invasion and open Achilles shortening for treatment of the elongated Achilles tendon following previous rupture.Methods The clinical data of 19 patients admitted from Dec. 2013 to Dec. 2015 and met the inclusion criteria were analyzed retrospectively. Eight patients were treated with shortening operation by channel-assisted minimally invasive repair system, while 11 patients received dissection of Krackow Achilles tendon shortening. There was no significant difference between the two groups in gender, age, injury to operation time, preoperative calf circumference and preoperative AOFAS (American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society) score (P>0.05).Results The operation time, incision length and postoperative hospital days were significantly less in min-invasion group than in incision group (P0.05).ConclusionChannel-assisted minimally invasive Achilles tendon shortening operation has not only similar effectiveness to the incision shorting operation for the treatment of elongated Achilles tendon following previous rupture, but also has the advantages of shortening operation time and stay in hospital and avoidance of sural nerve injury.

Elongated needle for post-stroke indigestion / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical efficacy difference among elongated needle, filiform needle and medication for post-stroke indigestion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty cases of post-stroke indigestion were randomly assigned into an elongated needle group, a filiform needle group and a medication group, 20 cases in each one. Acupuncture of restoring consciousness and inducing resuscitation and conventional medical treatment were applied in the three groups. 125 mm elongated needles were perpendicularly inserted at Zhongwan (CV 12), Liangmen (ST 21) and Tianshu (ST 25) in the elongated needle group; 20 to 30 mm perpendicular filiform at the same points in the filiform needle group. All the treatment was given for 4 weeks, 6 times a week, 1 time a day. Domperidone was prescribed orally in the medication group for 4 weeks, 3 times a day and once 10 mg. The indexes were dyspepsia TCM symptom score, Liz dyspepsia questionnaire (LDQ), Nepean Dyspepsia Index of quality of life (NDLQI), Safety Data Sheet (SDS) self rating scale and side effect scale (TESS). The effects were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The scores of TCM symptom, LDQ, SDS scores in the three groups decreased and NDLQI increased after 7-day, 14-day, and 28-day treatment as compared with those before treatment (<0.05,<0.01). The TCM symptom score and LDQ score in the elongated needle group after 28-day treatment were lower than those in the filiform needle and medication groups (<0.05,<0.01). The SDS score in the medication group was lower than that in the elongated needle and filiform needle group (both<0.05). There were no significant statistical difference for NDLQI score in the three groups (>0.05). The total effective rate was 90% (18/20) in the elongated needle group; those in the filiform needle group and medication group were 70% (14/20) and 75% (15/20) respectively, indicating statistical significance (<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture with elongated needle can obviously improve symptoms in the patients with post-stroke indigestion, which is better than filiform needle and medication.</p>

Sexual dimorphism using the interstyloid distances and clinical implication for elongated styloid process in Northeastern Thailand / Dimorfismo sexual usando la distancia inter-estiloide y la implicación clínica del proceso estiloides elongado en el Noreste de Tailandia

Skeletal remains are crucial in forensic identification of the sex, especially human skulls including the styloid process, a bony projection from the skull. Hence, the objectives of the present study were undertaken to assess the value of the styloid process for the sex identification of unknown skulls and also to investigate the prevalence of elongated styloid process in 102 human dry skulls from the northeast Thai population. As a result, the interstyloid distances at both base and tip of the styloid processes were found to be significantly different between male and female specimens, although no significant difference was found in the length of the styloid process between males and females. In addition, the occurrence of the elongated styloid process was not associated with the gender, although its prevalent laterality on the left was recognized. It is suggested that the styloid process can be applied to the sex identification by measuring the interstyloid distance at the base or the tip of these processes.

Los restos óseos son cruciales para la identificación forense del sexo, especialmente en los cráneos humanos, incluyendo el proceso estiloides, una proyección ósea del cráneo. Por lo tanto, los objetivos del presente estudio consistieron en evaluar el valor del proceso estiloides en la identificación del sexo de cráneos desconocidos y también para investigar la prevalencia del proceso estiloides elongado en 102 cráneos secos humanos de la población del Noreste de Tailandia. Como resultado, se encontró que las distancias inter-estiloides tanto en la base y la punta de los procesos estiloides eran significativamente diferentes entre las muestras de hombres y mujeres, aunque no se encontró diferencia significativa en la presencia del proceso estiloides entre ambos. Además, la aparición del proceso estiloides elongado no se asoció con el sexo, aún cuando se observó su prevalencia en el lado izquierdo. Sugerimos que el proceso estiloides se puede utilizar en la identificación del sexo mediante la medición de la distancia inter-estiloide en la base o en la punta de estos procesos.

Bilateral elongated mandibular coronoid process in an Anatolian skull / 대한해부학회지

Elongation or hyperplasia of coronoid process of mandible is rare condition characterized by abnormal bone development which cause malocclusion and the limited mouth opening. In this study, in an Anatolian skull, a case of bilateral elongation of mandibular coronoid process was presented. Levandoski panographic analysis was performed on the panoramic radiographie to determine the hyperplasia of the coronoid process. The right condylar process was exactly hyperplastic. The measurements of Kr-Go/Cd-Go were 95.10 mm/79.03 mm on right side and 97.53 mm/87.80 mm on left side. The ratio of Kr-Go/Cd-Go on the right side was 1.20. Elongated coronoid process is one of the factors cause mandibular hypomobility, it as reported here might lead to limited mouth opening. The knowledge of this variation or abnormality can be useful for the radiologist and surgeons and prevent misdiagnosis.

A Case of Giant Colonic Muco-submucosal Elongated Polyps Associated with Intussusception

Colonic muco-submucosal elongated polyp (CMSEP), a newly categorized non-neoplastic colorectal polyp, is a pedunculated and elongated polyp composed of normal mucosal and submucosal layers without any proper muscle layer. We herein report a giant variant of CMSEP associated with intussusception in the rectosigmoid colon, with a review of the literature. A 48-year-old woman underwent a laparoscopic low anterior resection due to multiple large submucosal polypoid masses associated with intussusception. Grossly, the colonic masses were multiple pedunculated polyps with a long stalk and branches ranging in size from a few millimeters to 14.0 cm in length. Microscopically, there was no evidence of hyperplasia, atypia, or active inflammation in the mucosa. The submucosal layers were composed of edematous and fibrotic stroma with fat tissue, dilated vessels, and lymphoid follicles.

CLINICAL EFFECTS OF DEPRESSING EDENTULOUS AREA WITH MICRO -SCREW IM-PLANT ANCHORAGE COMBINED WITH SEGMENTAL ARCH TECHINIQUE ON POSTERI-OR TEETH IN ELONGATED JAW / 现代医院

Objective To study the application of micro -screw implant anchorage combined with segmental arch technique on posterior teeth in elongated jaw to depress edentulous area.Methods 29 adult patients with 31 posterior teeth were depressed with micro -screw implant as skeletal anchorage combined with segmental arch tech-nique in order to help restoration.Results 31 posterior teeth in the experimental group were successfully depressed to the occlusal plane with micro -screw implant anchorage combined with segmental arch technique in order to create restoration space in edentulous area with an average course of treatment of 10 months.29 posterior teeth in the control group were grinded and given root canal therapy to create restoration space in edentulous area.Conclusion The ap-plication of micro -screw implant anchorage combined with segmental arch technique on posterior teeth in elongated jaw to depress edentulous area is an effective straightening method, whereas grinding is the last resort in creating res-toration space in edentulous area.Because patients in primary hospitals have relatively low oral health awareness, some hope for faster and easier solutions and find it difficult to accept traumatic micro -screw implant.

Professor T ian Cong-huo’s commonly used acupuncture methods and their clinical application / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

To introduce Prof. T ian Cong-huo’s commonly used acupuncture methods and their clinical application, in order to summarize the famous doctor’s experience, promote the experience inheritance of Chinese acupuncture, and enhance the therapeutic effect of acupuncture.

Elongated Odontoid Process of Axis Vertebra.

Introduction: Odontoid process is a bony projection of axis around which the atlas rotates. It measures 1 to 1.25 cms in length and projects upwards from the body of Axis. An elongated odontoid process may narrow the foramen magnum causing compressive neurological symptoms. It can cause cervical stiffness, serious restrictions of neck movement, and even a bone-derived torticollis. Observation: During routine osteology classes, we encountered an Axis vertebra with an elongated odontoid process. The measurements of the elongated odontoid process were taken using digital Vernier slide calipers. Conclusion: Elongated odontoid process can be mistaken for fracture of dens in radiological images; hence the knowledge of elongated odontoid process is useful for the radiologists, neurosurgeons and orthopaedicians for accurate diagnosis and treatment involving cranio-vertebral junctions.

Elongated Styloid Process: A Report Of Two Cadaveric Cases.

Introduction: Styloid process is a part of temporal bone. It measures 2 to 3 cms in length and lies antero-medial to the mastoid process. An elongated styloid process can compress the vital vessels and nerves close to it. This can lead to pain, foreign body sensation in the pharyngeal region and can also cause dysphagia. Observation: During routine dissection, we encountered elongated styloid process in two cadavers. In one it was unilateral and in another it was bilateral. The measurements of the elongated styloid process were taken using digital Vernier slide calipers. Conclusion: The awareness of the embryological cause and the clinical implications of an elongated styloid process are important for accurate diagnosis and treatment

Eagle's syndrome: a case report

Eagle's syndrome is a disease caused by an elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament. Eagle defined the disorder in 1937 by describing clinical findings related to an elongated styloid process, which is one of the numerous causes of pain in the craniofacial and cervical region. The prevalence of individuals with this anatomic abnormality in the adult population is estimated to be 4% with 0.16% of these individuals reported to be symptomatic. Eagle's syndrome is usually characterized by neck, throat, or ear pain; pharyngeal foreign body sensation; dysphagia; pain upon head movement; and headache. The diagnosis of Eagle's syndrome must be made in association with data from the clinical history, physical examination, and imaging studies. Patients with increased symptom severity require surgical excision of the styloid process, which can be performed through an intraoral or an extraoral approach. Here, we report a rare case of stylohyoid ligament bilaterally elongated to more than 60 mm in a 51-year-old female. We did a surgery by extraoral approach and patient's symptom was improved.

Clinicopathological characteristic analysis of three cases of colonic muco-submucosal elongated polyp / 中华消化杂志

Objective To explore the clinicopathological features,diagnosis and differential diagnosis of colonic muco-submucosal elongated polyp (CMSEP).Methods The clinical manifestations,endoscopic and histological features of three cases of CMSEP were analyzed.The literature was reviewed with regard to the diagnostic criteria and differential diagnosis.Results Three patients were male,and aged 25,45 and 75 years old.Two polyps were at transverse colon and one at rectum.Under colonoscope,all three cases showed the long pedunculated polyps.The surfaces of two polyps were smooth and the colors were similar to colonic mucosa while one polyp appeared mucosal erosion and congestion on the top.Under optical microscope,three cases had similar lesions.The axis of the lesions was expanded submucosa and the surface was the layer of colonic mucosa.The expanded and thick walled blood vessels were seen paralleled to the long axis in the submucosa of the axis of lesions.One polyp with mucosal erosion on the top presented with adenocarcinomal changes.Conclusions CMSEP is a kind of specific polypoid lesion,with characteristic colonoscopic and pathological features.Most are benign changes,however malignant changes occur in a few cases.In histology,CMSEP should be identified with mucosal prolapse syndrome associated inflammatory polyp.

Intracytoplasmic spermatid injection and in vitro maturation: fact or fiction?

Intracytoplasmic injection with testicular spermatozoa has become a routine treatment in fertility clinics. Spermatozoa can be recovered in half of patients with nonobstructive azoospermia. The use of immature germ cells for intracytoplasmic injection has been proposed for cases in which no spermatozoa can be retrieved. However, there are low pregnancy rates following intracytoplasmic injection using round spermatids from men with no elongated spermatids or spermatozoa in their testes. The in vitro culture of immature germ cells to more mature stages has been proposed as a means to improve this poor outcome. Several years after the introduction of intracytoplasmic injection with elongating and round spermatids, uncertainty remains as to whether this approach can be considered a safe treatment option. This review outlines the clinical and scientific data regarding intracytoplasmic injection using immature germ cells and in vitro matured germ cells.

Oropharyngeal styloids: An unusual presentation.

The close proximity of the styloid process to many of the vital neurovascular structures in the neck makes it clinically significant. The styloid process is said to be elongated if it is longer than 3.0 cm in length. Anatomical variations are very common and clinical symptoms arising from such variations have to be recognized. Elongated styloid processes may cause chronic throat pain along with foreign body sensation, dysphagia, vague facial pain, and otalgia. Surgical excision of an elongated styloid is considered as a satisfactory treatment for such cases. Here, we present a unique case of bilaterally elongated styloids that could be visualized just by depressing the tongue, when they appeared like the tusks of an elephant in the oropharyngeal region.

Anatomical, clinical and radiographic characteristics of styloid syndrome (Eagle syndrome): a case report / Características anatómicas, clínicas y radiográficas del síndrome Estiloide (síndrome de Eagle): un caso clínico

Styloid syndrome is characterized by an elongated styloid process or calcification of the stylomandibular and stylohyoid ligament. This study describes a case of a 65-year-old woman who presented to the Stomatology Clinic, University of Marilia with temporomandibular joint pain, ear ringing and a reduced ability to open the mouth. Panoramic and posteroanterior digital radiographs showed bilateral elongation of the styloid processes, especially of the right side, whose length extended beyond the mandible angle. The diagnosis was confirmed with the association of clinical data and image examinations. The treatment options for styloid Syndrome include clinical follow-up, surgical removal of the styloid process or fracture of the elongated process. The case was managed by providing prosthetic rehabilitation and clinical follow-up, observing the level of discomfort and the benefit that could be achieved by the therapy, and avoiding surgical intervention.

El síndrome estilode (Síndrome de Eagle) se caracteriza por un proceso estiloides alargado o calcificación de los ligamentos estilohioideo y estilomandibular. Este estudio describe el caso de una mujer de 65 años de edad que concurrió a la Clínica Estomatológica de la Universidad de Marilia con dolor de la articulación temporomandibular, zumbido en los oídos y una disminución de la capacidad de abrir la boca. Las radiografías digitales panorámica y posteroanterior mostraron alargamiento bilateral de los procesos estiloides, especialmente del lado derecho, cuya longitud se extendió más allá del ángulo de la mandíbula. El diagnóstico se confirmó con la asociación de los datos clínicos y los exámenes de imagen. Las opciones de tratamiento para el síndrome estiloide incluyen el seguimiento clínico, la extirpación quirúrgica del proceso estiloides o la fractura del proceso alargado. El caso fue tratado con rehabilitación protésica y seguimiento clínico, observando el nivel de molestia y el beneficio que se podría lograr mediante la terapia, evitando la intervención quirúrgica.

Anatomical consideration of length and angulation of the styloid process and their significances for eagle's syndrome in Thais.

Objectives: Elongated styloid process was reported concerning dento-maxillofacial and ear-nose-throat patients. Several studies described that its length as well as the anterior and medial angulations occasionally involved in the symptom of Eagle’s syndrome and the surgical shortening of the process could alleviate neck and cervicofacial pain in patients. This study aimed to investigate the length and the angulation of the styloid process, and to study the occurrence of the elongated styloid process in Thais. Methods: The investigation was done in both sides of 176 Thai dry and 150 cadaveric skulls with intact styloid processes. The length and the angulation (anterior and medial angles) of the styloid process were measured and expressed as Mean±SD. A styloid process longer than 30 mm was identified as an elongated styloid process. Results: The means of length, and anterior and medial angles of styloid process were 24.12 ± 7.28 mm, and 28.03 ± 9.85 and 23.53 ± 10.19 degrees, respectively. Out of all styloid processes, 18.40% (11.70% in males, 6.70% in females) were the elongated styloid process. There was no statistical difference of angles between groups with normal and elongated styloid processes (P>0.05). Conclusions: The elongated styloid processes were found up to 18.40% of Thais. The presence of the elongated styloid process and its angulation, though rare, does highlight the importance of routine examination of the styloid process as it may cause pain in craniocervical region.

Severe calcified stylohyoid complex in twins: a case report

The styloid process is a cylindrical, long cartilaginous bone located on the temporal bone. The calcified stylohyoid ligament and elongated styloid process can be identified radiographically, and they are associated with a number of syndromes and symptoms. The exact cause of the styloid process elongation due to calcification and subsequent ossification of ligament is unclear. This report presents a case of severely calcified stylohyoid ligament complex occurred in twins who have the same pattern of calcification.