ABSTRACT
Epidermoid cysts are generally benign neoplastic lesions, the etiology of which is unclear and is mainly related to epithelial cells left in the tissues during the embryonic period and traumatically implanted in the tissues. The most common intraosseous sites are the phalanges and the skull. Epidermoid cysts occurring in the jaws are clinically rare. In this paper, we report a case of epidermoid cyst occurring in the mandible with embedded teeth and discuss the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of epidermoid cysts in the jaws in the context of the relevant literature.
Subject(s)
Humans , Epidermal Cyst/surgery , Skull , Mandible , Diagnosis, Differential , Epithelial CellsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To prepare customized porous silicone orbital implants using embedded 3D printing and assess the effect of surface modification on the properties of the implants.@*METHODS@#The transparency, fluidity and rheological properties of the supporting media were tested to determine the optimal printing parameters of silicone. The morphological changes of silicone after modification were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, and the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of silicone surface were evaluated by measuring the water contact angle. The compression modulus of porous silicone was measured using compression test. Porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAOECs) were co-cultured with porous silicone scaffolds for 1, 3 and 5 days to test the biocompatibility of silicone. The local inflammatory response to subcutaneous porous silicone implants was evaluated in rats.@*RESULTS@#The optimal printing parameters of silicone orbital implants were determined as the following: supporting medium 4% (mass ratio), printing pressure 1.0 bar and printing speed 6 mm/s. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the silicone surface was successfully modified with polydopamine and collagen, which significantly improved hydrophilicity of the silicone surface (P < 0.05) without causing significant changes in the compression modulus (P > 0.05). The modified porous silicone scaffold had no obvious cytotoxicity and obviously promoted adhesion and proliferation of PAOECs (P < 0.05). In rats bearing the subcutaneous implants, no obvious inflammation was observed in the local tissue.@*CONCLUSION@#Poprous silicone orbital implants with uniform pores can be prepared using embedded 3D printing technology, and surface modification obviously improves hydrophilicity and biocompatibility of the silicone implants for potential clinical application.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Swine , Silicon , Orbital Implants , Endothelial Cells , Porosity , Silicones , Printing, Three-DimensionalABSTRACT
The neural stimulator is a core component of animal robots. While the control effect of animal robots is influenced by various factors, the performance of the neural stimulator plays a decisive role in regulating animal robots. In order to optimize animal robots, embedded neural stimulators had been developed using flexible printed circuit board technology. This innovation not only enabled the stimulator to generate parameter-adjustable biphasic current pulses through control signals, but also optimized its carrying mode, material, and size, overcoming the disadvantages of traditional backpack or head-inserted stimulators, which have poor concealment and are prone to infection. Static, in vitro, and in vivo performance tests of the stimulator demonstrated that it not only had precise pulse waveform output capability, but also was lightweight and small in size. It had excellent in vivo performance in both laboratory and outdoor environments. Our study has high practical significance for the application of animal robots.
Subject(s)
Animals , RoboticsABSTRACT
Background: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue archives in hospitals, biobanks, and others offer a vast collection of extensive, readily available specimens for molecular testing. Unfortunately, the use of tissue samples for molecular diagnostic applications is challenging; thus, the forensic pathology FFPE tissue archives in Africa have been a largely unexploited genetic resource, with the usability of DNA obtainable from these samples being unknown.Intervention: The study, conducted from January 2015 to August 2016, determined the usefulness of FFPE tissue as a reliable source of genetic material for successful post-mortem molecular applications and diagnostics. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples were collected and archived from autopsies conducted over 13 years in the forensic medicine department of the University of Pretoria (Pretoria, South Africa). Deoxyribonucleic acid from FFPE tissue samples and control blood samples was amplified by high-resolution melt real-time polymerase chain reaction before sequencing. The procurement parameters and fixation times were compared with the quantity and quality of the extracted DNA and the efficiency of its subsequent molecular applications.Lessons learnt: This study has shown that FFPE samples are still usable in molecular forensics, despite inadequate sample preparation, and offer immense value to forensic molecular diagnostics.Recommendations: FFPE samples fixed in formalin for more than 24 h should still be used in molecular diagnostics or research, as long as the primer design targets amplicons not exceeding 300 base pairs.
Subject(s)
DNA , Resolutions , Paraffin , Archives , Autopsy , Tissues , Pain Measurement , Genetic Testing , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Pathology, Molecular , Molecular Docking SimulationABSTRACT
Resumen Las alteraciones en la metilación de dinucleótidos CpG en regiones promotoras es uno de los mecanismos epigenéticos implicados en cáncer que tiene uso potencial como biomarcador. Su evaluación, a partir de tejidos fijados en formalina y embebidos en parafina (FFPE), representa un gran desafío dadas la degradación parcial, el entrecruzamiento y las bajas cantidades del DNA obtenido. En esta nota técnica, describimos un protocolo para el estudio del estado de metilación del promotor distal del proto-oncogén K-RAS, a partir de varias muestras obtenidas de dos tejidos FFPE de cáncer colorrectal con antigüedad de 11 años. Se empleó un protocolo de conversión con bisulfito alternativo al usual; se usó una DNA polimerasa modificada y una PCR anidada y se optimizó la secuenciación directa del DNA convertido con bisulfito. Este protocolo podría ser aplicado para determinar estados de metilación en otros genes y tipos de cáncer en tejidos FFPE.
Abstract Alterations in the methylation of CpG dinucleotides in promoter regions is one of the epigenetic mechanisms involved in cancer that has potential use as a biomarker. Its evaluation from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues represents a great challenge given the partial degradation, crosslinking, and low amounts of the obtained DNA. In this technical note we describe a protocol for the study of the methylation status of the distal promoter of the K-RAS proto-oncogene from several samples obtained from two 11-years old FFPE tissues of colorectal cancer. An alternative bisulfite conversion protocol to the usual one was used; a modified DNA polymerase and a nested PCR were used and the direct sequencing of the converted DNA with bisulfite was optimized. This protocol could be applied to determine methylation states in other genes and types of cancer.
Subject(s)
Humans , Paraffin , Colorectal Neoplasms , DNA Methylation , Biomarkers , Polymerase Chain Reaction , GenesABSTRACT
This paper discusses from two aspects of case writing and PBL implementation experience. PBL cases should be based on professional requirements and reflect professional characteristics. Health inspection and quarantine cases targeted at application-oriented talent cultivation can be integrated into relevant experimental skills items. At the same time, the forms of case writing are expanded according to the differences of theme forms, which are designed as parallel cases and serial cases, so as to be applicable to the curriculum integration in different areas. In the implementation of PBL teaching, students' learning status is the key to the efficiency of classroom discussion, which determines whether the implementation of PBL is completely autonomous learning or embedded instruction. Teachers should establish cooperative learning atmosphere to improve the efficiency of classroom discussion
ABSTRACT
Speech feature learning is the core and key of speech recognition method for mental illness. Deep feature learning can automatically extract speech features, but it is limited by the problem of small samples. Traditional feature extraction (original features) can avoid the impact of small samples, but it relies heavily on experience and is poorly adaptive. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a deep embedded hybrid feature sparse stack autoencoder manifold ensemble algorithm. Firstly, based on the prior knowledge, the psychotic speech features are extracted, and the original features are constructed. Secondly, the original features are embedded in the sparse stack autoencoder (deep network), and the output of the hidden layer is filtered to enhance the complementarity between the deep features and the original features. Third, the L1 regularization feature selection mechanism is designed to compress the dimensions of the mixed feature set composed of deep features and original features. Finally, a weighted local preserving projection algorithm and an ensemble learning mechanism are designed, and a manifold projection classifier ensemble model is constructed, which further improves the classification stability of feature fusion under small samples. In addition, this paper designs a medium-to-large-scale psychotic speech collection program for the first time, collects and constructs a large-scale Chinese psychotic speech database for the verification of psychotic speech recognition algorithms. The experimental results show that the main innovation of the algorithm is effective, and the classification accuracy is better than other representative algorithms, and the maximum improvement is 3.3%. In conclusion, this paper proposes a new method of psychotic speech recognition based on embedded mixed sparse stack autoencoder and manifold ensemble, which effectively improves the recognition rate of psychotic speech.
Subject(s)
Humans , Algorithms , Databases, Factual , Psychotic Disorders , Speech , Speech PerceptionABSTRACT
Objective@# To explore the surgical design and surgical Methods for the minimally invasive extraction of embedded supernumerary teeth and to provide a reference for clinical practice.@* Methods@# A total of 87 embedded supernumerary teeth were removed from 85 patients. CBCT examination was performed before the operation. The nearest surgical approach was selected based on the distance between the embedded supernumerary teeth and the bony plate of the buccal tongue (lip and palate). The CBCT measuring ruler measured the maximum diameter of the impacted dental crown. According to the radius of the buccal and tongue directions of the crown, the upper and lower boundaries (bucco-lingual direction) of the bone to be deboned were determined with reference to the top of the alveolar crest or adjacent enamel cementum. A horizontal vertical line was made from the point to the meridian, and the length of the horizontal line was 1/2 the diameter of the impacted multiple crown. Thus, the radius determined the horizontal starting and ending points of the bone to be boneless. A trapezoidal or arcuate incision was made with an electric knife under block anesthesia and local infiltration anesthesia. The incision retained the gingival papilla. The upper and lower as well as the near and far midpoints of the bone were marked with a bone ruler. Starting from the midpoint area, the upper and lower points were connected. The mesial bone was removed in the mesial direction, and the range of the removed bone was slightly larger than the radius of the crown, showing the crown of the embedded supernumerary teeth. A surgical impact air handpiece with a 45-degree elevation angle or a piezosurgery device was used to divide the crown of the embedded supernumerary teeth into two parts. The crown and dental tissues were removed in pieces, the surgical area was cleaned and rinsed, and the wound was closed. Anti-inflammatory and swelling treatments were administered after the operation, and painkillers were prepared. The patients were revisited 7 days after the operation to check for wound healing. We asked and recorded the amount of painkillers taken by the patients. @*Results@#All patients had good wound healing 7 days after the operation, and the wounds were sutured. There was no swelling on the maxillofacial surface, and the degree of opening was basically normal. No other complications such as infection or numbness occurred. Fifty-eight patients did not take painkillers. @*Conclusion@#CBCT can be used to locate the embedded supernumerary teeth in bone. The surgical approach can be chosen based on the principle of proximity. During the surgery, the bone ruler is used to accurately locate the bone and remove the embedded supernumerary teeth in pieces, which can achieve a minimally invasive effect.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To establish the system software of multi-parameter monitoring by embedded Linux kernel and Qt library.@*METHODS@#To determine the hardware system needed for the development of the system, carry out system Bootloader (Bootloader), Linux kernel, file system and Qt/Embedded (QtE) tailoring and transplantation and application development on the basis of the hardware system, and achieve the characteristic UI design.@*RESULTS@#The changes of physiological parameters were observed in real time to improve the stability and real-time performance of the whole system and increase users' experience with QtE.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The embedded Linux+Qt multi-reference monitoring system can improve the stability, operability and functionality of real-time monitoring and multi-physiological information, and has good extensibility and maintainability.
Subject(s)
Humans , Computers , Electrocardiography , Monitoring, Physiologic/instrumentation , SoftwareABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Single staining is commonly performed for practical pathologic diagnoses. However, this method is limited in its ability to specify cellular morphology and immunophenotype and often requires consumption of limited tissue. This study aimed to describe an optimized protocol for multiple in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). METHODS: The quality of multistaining was evaluated by carefully changing each step of ISH and IHC in an angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) case on a Ventana BenchMark XT automated immunostainer. The optimized protocols were also performed using another immunostainer and in 15 cases of five Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)–associated malignancies using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. RESULTS: The quality of various ISH-IHC staining protocols was semi-quantitatively evaluated. The best EBV-encoded RNA (EBER)-ISH/double IHC staining quality, equivalent to single staining, was obtained using the following considerations: initial EBER-ISH application, use of protease and antigen retrieval reagent (cell conditioning 1 [CC1] treatment time was minimized due to impact on tissue quality), additional baking/deparaffinization not needed, and reduced dilution ratio and increased reaction time for primary antibody compared with single immunostaining. Furthermore, shorter second CC1 treatment time yielded better results. Multiple staining was the best quality in another immunostainer and for different types of EBV-associated malignancies when it was performed in the same manner as for the Ventana BenchMark XT as determined for AITL. CONCLUSIONS: EBER-ISH and double IHC could be easily used in clinical practice with currently available automated immunostainers and adjustment of reagent treatment time, dilution ratio, and antibody reaction time.
Subject(s)
Benchmarking , Diagnosis , Herpesvirus 4, Human , Immunohistochemistry , In Situ Hybridization , Lymphoma, T-Cell , Methods , Reaction Time , RNAABSTRACT
Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of DNA from the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after immunohistochemical staining and investigate DNA extraction by immunohistochemical staining of the specimens in small in number or difficult to obtain and the feasibility of related molecular tests. Methods We randomly collected 50 FFPE biopsy specimens of NSCLC in our Department of Pathology from June 2017 to December 2017 and sliced each into 12 sections, of which, 6 were directly subjected to DNA extraction (the control group) and the other 6 to immunohistochemical Envision two-step staining for DNA extraction (the experimental group). Then, we detected the mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) and V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF) in all the DNAs extracted. Results No statistically significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in the DNA concentration and purity in the 50 FFPE biopsy specimens of NSCLC (P>0.05). Of the 50 NSCLC FFPE specimens of the experimental group, 20 (40%) showed the mutation of EGFR, 8 (16%) exhibited that of KRAS, and 5 (10%) manifested that of BRAF. In the other 50 specimens of the control group, 33 showed the mutations of EGFR, KRAS and BRAF. A 100% consistency was found in the results of detection between the experimental and control groups (P=0.000, Kappa=1.000). Conclusion High-quality DNA can be extracted after immunohistochemical staining from NSCLC FFPE specimens, especially those small in number or difficult to obtain, and can be used for downstream molecular analysis of target genes, which is a good method for specimen recycling and provides a solution for subsequent molecular test of scarce or difficult-to-obtain clinical samples.
ABSTRACT
Background Bifurcation lesions account for 15–20% of interventions carried out in a catheterization laboratory. Several techniques have been described for treating bifurcation lesions of which culotte and T-stenting and protrusion(TAP) are commonly used. Both these techniques involve recrossing the struts of primary stent, failing which the flow in second branch which can be impaired and lead to catastrophic events. In this study, we describe a novel balloon embedded stenting technique which can be incorporated with traditional culotte or TAP technique and facilitates conversion to bail out crush in case of such an event. Methods and results 28 patients who were treated with balloon embedded stenting for bifurcation lesions were included in the study. Angiographic and procedural success were achieved in all the patients. Primary stent could not be recrossed in 1 patient, who was successfully converted to bail out crush using the technique. There were no complications during the procedure. Mean fluoroscopy time and contrast volume was similar to that of conventional culotte and TAP. Conclusion The present study suggests that incorporation of balloon embedded stenting into traditional culotte or TAP technique is achievable and can facilitate conversion to bail out crush when required.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#This paper discusses a surgical method to improve the middle part of face and the temporal surface by using the patented technology of embedding guidance technology.@*Methods@#On the basis of not removing the skin, the application of embedding guidance technology was applied to achieve the effect of facial lifting by placing a 2-0 polyester knitting line under the scalp with a minimally invasive incision(3-5 mm) , paving up to the skull periosteum and down to the hairline edge for compound fixation.@*Results@#Among the 200 patients, 197 were female and 3 were male. Aging from 23-62 years old, all of the patients suffered from mild to moderate problem of saggy skin.Post-operation follow-up was kept from 3 months to 5 years after the treatment, which demonstrated that all of the patients showed different degrees of facial lifting after edema subsided at 3 months, including improvedfacial skin condition, shallower nasolabial groove, lifting of the lateral canthus and tightening of facial skin. The patients were satisfied with the effect.@*Conclusions@#The surgical method is an effective method to solve the problem of facial aging with advantages, such as simple execution, minimized wound, fast recovery, no post-operation bandage requirement and showing great result towards patients suffering from mild and moderate saggy facial skin problem.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the quality of RNA extracted from fresh and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) brain tissues and to explore the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression level. Methods: FFPE samples stored under various conditions and paired frozen brain tissues were collected and total RNA qualities were then detected. Amplification efficiency (AE) and expression stability of each RNA marker were calculated and analyzed based on real-time quantitative PCR. After selecting reference biomarkers, normalized △ Ct values of candidate makers within different amplicon size were measured to assess the possibility of lncRNA quantification in FFPE tissues. Results: The purity of RNA extracted from FFPE was relatively high, but the RNA integrity was lower than fresh samples. All biomarkers were successfully amplified and amplification efficiencies of long-chain RNA markers were correlated with amplicon sizes, sample treatment and preservation conditions, namely temperature and storage time. 5S, miR-9 and miR-125b achieved optimal AE and showed quite stable expression in all specimens, therefore they were chosen as control markers. Compared with fresh samples, the △ Ct values of only 2 lncRNA (HAR1F and MALAT1-L, whose amplicon size were both higher than 200 bp, respectively) increased in the FFPE samples kept in 4 ℃, while in FFPE tissues kept in room temperature, increments of the △ Ct values were significant for most target genes except for short amplicon markers (<60 bp), which showed consistently stable expression in all brain specimens. Conclusion: RNA integrity is affected by sample treatment and preservation conditions, but lncRNA expression levels in FFPE tissues can be accurately quantificated by using optimal amplicon sizes and considerable reference markers.
ABSTRACT
An unconstrained cardiac output detection system based on thoracic electrical impedance method and embedded technology is developed in this study. PWM function of PIC embedded MCU, PIC18F4520, and filter circuit are used to generate a constant current sinusoidal signal with a frequency of 50 kHz and a current RMS of 2 mA, which is applied as an exciting signal to the exciting electrodes located on the positions behind ears and on right lower abdomen. The thoracic electrical impedance is measured by the detecting electrodes pasted along the medial line on the front of the thorax, and is used to calculate cardiac output. A comparative experiment with the thoracic impedance method and the dye dilution method is carried out and the results are investigated. The experimental results show that the two methods have good consistency.
Subject(s)
Cardiac Output , Electric Impedance , Electricity , Electrodes , Monitoring, Physiologic , ThoraxABSTRACT
Objective·To compare the quality of RNA extracted from fresh and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) brain tissues and to explore the long non-coding RNA (IncRNA) expression level.Methods·FFPE samples stored under various conditions and paired frozen brain tissues were collected and total RNA qualities were then detected.Amplification efficiency (AE) and expression stability of each RNA marker were calculated and analyzed based on real-time quantitative PCR.After selecting reference biomarkers,normalized △ Ct values of candidate makers within different amplicon size were measured to assess the possibility of lncRNA quantification in FFPE tissues.Results·The purity of RNA extracted from FFPE was relatively high,but the RNA integrity was lower than fresh samples.All biomarkers were successfully amplified and amplification efficiencies of long-chain RNA markers were correlated with amplicon sizes,sample treatment and preservation conditions,namely temperature and storage time.5S,miR-9 and miR 125b achieved optimal AE and showed quite stable expression in all specimens,therefore they were chosen as control markers.Compared with fresh samples,the △ Ct values of only 2 lncRNA (HAR1F and MALAT1-L,whose amplicon size were both higher than 200 bp,respectively) increased in the FFPE samples kept in 4 ℃,while in FFPE tissues kept in room temperature,increments of the △ Ct values were significant for most target genes except for short amplicon markers (＜60 bp),which showed consistently stable expression in all brain specimens.Conclusion·RNA integrity is affected by sample treatment and preservation conditions,but IncRNA expression levels in FFPE tissues can be accurately quantificated by using optimal amplicon sizes and considerable reference markers.
ABSTRACT
A new type of embedded acupoint recognition device was developed for acupoint recognition and teaching. Through improving the acupoint electric resistance detection technique of the two-electrode method, combined with mechanical structure design and embedded control technology, the human acupoint database was assembled in the embedded chip with the international symbol, acupoint name, , location, chart, manuscript and audio information included, a new type of embedded acupoint recognition device was designed. The device was composed of 3 modules, named the acupoint electric resistance detection system, the embedded control system and mechanical system. It achieved skin contact sensation, the collection of electric resistance at the required skin region, the wireless communication, the liquid crystal display (LCD) human-computer interaction and acupoint magnetic head massage. When used, the resistance value of the detected skin is read on LCD to determine whether the detected skin resistance meets the features of low resistance of acupoint and further to identify the acupoint zone. Afterward, the data collected are matched with the human acupoint database to determine the information of acupoint. The control mechanical structure achieves the acupoint pressing and kneading. After verified by many operation staff, it is shown that the device not only improves the recognition speed and precision of acupoint, but also contributes to the acupoint teaching with the human acupoint database displayed on LCD. The achievements benefit the promotion of meridians and acupoints as well as the development of acupuncture devices.
ABSTRACT
After the development of domestic embedded subject service and its domestic and foreign main models were described, following suggestions were put forward: thinking approach teaching contents and multiple elementary assessment system should be designed based on OBE theory with medical postgraduate general practical medical literature novelty assessment course as its starting point, excellent students should be trained as scientific information detectors by improving their information literacy and practical ability through small scale blended teaching, the professional bottleneck of librarians and talent team construction should be solved by cultivating subject service team for different subjects and strengthening the contacts between different subjects.
ABSTRACT
The embedded subject service model in ubiquitous knowledge environments has gradually become an important means to deepen library service and promote its reform.The embedded subject services, established service system, its assessment and its support mechanisms were described, the embedded subject service model of medical library for affiliated hospitals in ubiquitous knowledge environments was elaborated in order to pave the way for improving the future service in college and university library.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study an image display method for portable medical endoscopes using intelligent mobile devices for solving the problem of lacking medical resources in remote areas and carrying inconvenience of endoscopic workstations.Method An high-definition camera was employed for image data acquisition,which was driven by the built-in Video4Linux drive program of a embedded Linux system.A wireless network card was used to establish a point-to-point network,and to build the LAN server.The mobile devices could acquire the collected image data through accessing the local area network,which could realize the real-time display on the LCD screen.Results The resolution of a collected image was 1 024×768 pixels,the bit depth was 24 bits,the frame rate was 30 frame/s,and the actual average transmission speed was about 2 MB/s.Conclusions The proposed method is effective and feasible.The collected image is clear,and the system has advantages of simple structure,low cost and easy to carry,which can save the manufacturing cost and meet the conditions of usage in remote areas.