ABSTRACT
Background: To study the various advance technology for the diagnosis of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and find out Emerging trends occur in TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury) patients.Methods: The present study was conducted with 500 patients, age between 02 year to 70 years mean age (36 Years) presenting to emergency department of Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, with a history of acute head trauma from January 2016 to December 2018. All patients were examined using 64 slices MDCT and 1.5T MRI Scanner also.Results: Traumatic brain injury caused by various reasons like 62.1% road traffic accidents (RTA) and 25.1% fall from height (FFH) being and 11.83% Assault/hit by hard object and 0.88% are gunshot injury. Loss of consciousness was the most common complaint of the 59.1% TBI patients followed by 17.75% Vomiting and headache, 11.83% facial injury and 11.24% scalp injury. All TBI patients were diagnosed by MDCT 64 Slices Somatom Sensation Scanner who was observed 41.42% skull fractures, 29.28% extra dural hematoma, 27.21% sub dural hematoma, 23.96% sub archnoid haemorrhage, 13% intra cerebral hematoma, 30.17% brain contusions and 24.26% diffuse cerebral edema.Conclusions: Road traffic accidents remain the leading cause of trauma in our country. MRI and MDCT are well recognized method to know the extent and various types of hemorrhages and skull fractures in TBI patients. The present study data is indicated 62.1% majority of TBI patients are suffered by Road traffic accidents mainly young males with alcoholism.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT. Research into cognitive reserve (CR) and dementia is advancing rapidly. This paper analyses the intellectual structure, emerging trends and relevant shifts in the development of available knowledge. Data collected from the Web-of-Science produced an expanded network of 564 articles and 12,504 citations in the 1998-2017 period. The co-citation network visualized was characterized by a scientometric review using CiteSpace. The results revealed that author Stern Y had the highest number of publications and citations. The network of journals, institutions and countries showed a central-peripheral structure with Neurology, Harvard University and the USA ranked first, respectively. While cognitive reserve remains the most prominent area of research in this field, studies related to functional ability, executive control, mortality data and reserve mechanisms have grown considerably. The identification of critical articles and the development of emerging trends highlights new insights in the area of research, better communicating key findings and facilitating the exploration of data.
RESUMO. A pesquisa em reserva cognitiva e demência avança rapidamente. Este artigo analisa a estrutura intelectual, tendências emergentes e mudanças relevantes no desenvolvimento do conhecimento coletivo. Dados coletados do Web-of-Science, construíram uma rede expandida de 564 artigos e 12.504 citações, entre 1998-2017. A rede de cocitação visualizada foi caracterizada através de uma revisão cientométrica utilizando o CiteSpace. Os resultados revelam Stern Y com o maior número de publicações e citações. A rede de revistas científicas, instituições e países apresenta uma estrutura central-periférica, respetivamente com Neurologia, Universidade de Harvard e EUA em primeiro lugar. Enquanto a reserva cognitiva continua a ser a área de pesquisa mais proeminente neste campo, estudos relacionados à capacidade funcional, controle executivo, dados de mortalidade e mecanismos de reserva têm experimentado um crescimento considerável. A identificação de artigos críticos e o desenvolvimento de novas tendências emergentes destacam novos insights sobre a área de pesquisa, comunicando melhor as principais descobertas e facilitando a exploração de dados.