Calidad de Vida, Ansiedad, Depresión y Consumo de Alcohol en Adultos con Diabetes Tipo Dos durante la Pandemia por COVID-19 / Quality of Life, Anxiety, Depression, and Alcohol Consumption in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue relacionar la calidad de vida, el consumo de alcohol, la depresión y ansiedad en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 (DT2) durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Se aplicó una encuesta a un total de 119 pacientes con DT2 seleccionados mediante un muestreo no probabilístico intencional de la zona centro del país, con al menos un año de diagnóstico. Para evaluar la calidad de vida se utilizó la escala diabetes-39, la escala de autoevaluación de la depresión de Zung, la escala de ansiedad de Hamilton y la prueba de identificación de trastornos por uso de alcohol. Los hallazgos son: correlaciones positivas entre la preocupación por la disminución en la calidad de vida en todas las áreas con la ansiedad. Así como consumo de riesgo en hombres y calidad de vida, señalando mayor consumo de alcohol en esta población. Estos resultados indican que tener diabetes tipo 2 es un predisponente para presentar problemas de salud mental como: ansiedad, depresión y consumo de alcohol, lo que señala la importancia de trabajar con esta población en el periodo de postpandemia.

Abstract The aim of this study was to relate quality of life, alcohol consumption, depression, and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) during the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey was applied to a total of 119 patients with T2D selected by non-probability purposive sampling from the central part of the country, with at least one year of diagnosis. The diabetes-39 quality of life scale, the Zung Depression Self-Assessment Scale, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test were used. The findings are positive correlations between concern for diminished quality of life in all areas with anxiety. As well as risk consumption in men and quality of life, indicating higher alcohol consumption in this population. These results indicate that having type 2 diabetes is a predisposing factor for presenting mental health problems such as anxiety, depression and alcohol consumption, which points to the importance of working with this population in the post-pandemic period.

An assessment and correlation of emotional Intelligence and mental health of medical students

Introduction: Emotions like joy, anger, grief, jealousy, love, fear make our life worthwhile. Whatever we do, incites some emotion in us. If we are able to enjoy our emotions, without them having excessive control over us, then we can make ours as well as others’ lives better. Aim of the study was to assess and correlate emotional Intelligence with mental health. Methods: Type of study: Descriptive type of cross sectional study. Sampling: Simple random sampling. Study population: Under graduate students in a private medical college in western Uttar Pradesh. Sample size: 246. Results: The average emotional intelligence score was 26.82 with standard deviation of ±5.80. Average emotional intelligence among males was 27.04(±6.72) and was 26.63(±5.07) among females. Spearman Rank correlation coefficient “r” =0.789, showed highly positive correlation between ranks from both the score. (p=0.0000). Conclusions: The medical students showing higher scores of emotional intelligence are less likely to be mentally stressed.

Problemas de salud en niños y adolescentes durante la pandemia ocasionada por la COVID-19

Introducción: La COVID-19, enfermedad que alcanzó categoría de pandemia en marzo de 2020, transformó todas las esferas de la vida y en consecuencia afectó la salud biopsicosocial de los niños y adolescentes. Objetivo: Identificar los problemas de salud que afectan a niños y adolescentes en una emergencia epidemiológica. Métodos: Investigación realizada entre julio y noviembre de 2020. Se utilizaron como fuente de información primaria revistas científicas y tesis de grado. Como fuente de información secundaría se utilizaron las bases de datos SciELO, Elsevier, ONU, Lilacs, Latindex. Los términos y palabras clave empleadas en la búsqueda fueron: COVID-19, salud emocional, trastornos del sueño, obesidad, tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, prevención. Resultados: Se definieron los problemas de salud de los niños y se describen como factores de riesgo la discapacidad y el uso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación. Se establecieron medidas de prevención. Conclusiones: El confinamiento aumenta la ansiedad, soledad, tristeza, desesperación en los niños, afectaciones del sueño e intentos de suicidio en adolescentes. La discapacidad infantil presenta una alta vulnerabilidad. El uso desmedido de tecnologías de la comunicación y la información por niños durante la pandemia constituye un factor de riesgo, que puede generar entre otros problemas, la obesidad. Los padres y cuidadores son los responsables de modificar el estilo de vida de niños y adolescentes y diseñar nuevas estrategias para preservar su salud.

Introduction: COVID-19, a disease that reached pandemic status in March 2020, transformed all spheres of life and consequently affected the biopsychosocial health of children and adolescents. Objective: To identify health problems that may affect children and adolescents in an epidemiological emergency. Methods: Research conducted between July and November 2020. Scientific journals and theses were used as a primary source of information. As a secondary source of information, the databases SciELO, Elsevier, ONU, Lilacs, Latindex were used. The terms and keywords used in the search were: COVID-19, emotional health, sleep disorders, obesity, information and communication technologies, prevention. Results: Children's health problems were defined and disability and the use of information and communication technologies were described as risk factors. Prevention measures were implemented. Conclusions: Confinement increases anxiety, loneliness, sadness, despair in children, sleep impairments and suicide attempts in adolescents. Childhood disability is highly vulnerable. The excessive use of communication and information technologies by children during the pandemic is a risk factor, which can generate, among other problems, obesity. Parents and caregivers are responsible for modifying the lifestyle of children and adolescents and designing new strategies to preserve their health.

Adesão de mães de bebês prematuros com indicadores clínicos de saúde emocional à grupos psicoeducativos / Adherence of mothers of premature babies with clinical indicators of emotional health to psychoeducational groups / Adhesión de madres de prematuros con indicadores clínicos de salud emocional a grupos psicoeducativos

Diversos fatores podem interferir na saúde emocional materna e, dentre eles, o nascimento prematuro do bebê. Este estudo pretendeu: a) descrever e comparar a saúde emocional de mães de bebês prematuros que aderiram ou não a grupos psicoeducativos, com indicadores clínicos de ansiedade, estresse e depressão pós-parto e, b) identificar quais variáveis sociodemográficas influenciaram a saúde emocional das participantes de cada um dos grupos. A amostra foi composta por 42 mães de bebês prematuros que apresentaram indicadores clínicos de saúde emocional, que foi avaliada por meio de inventários de estresse, ansiedade e depressão. Elas compuseram dois grupos: 22 mães que participaram dos grupos e 20 que não participaram. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre as variáveis sociodemográficas e nem entre os indicadores de saúde emocional entre os dois grupos. Todavia, é importante identificar os indicadores emocionais clínicos de mães de bebês e oferecer intervenções para minimizá-los, enquanto medidas preventivas de saúde mental da população feminina e, consequentemente, infantil.

Several factors can interfere in maternal emotional health and, among them, the premature birth of the baby. This study aimed: a) to describe and compare the emotional health of mothers of premature babies who joined or not to psychoeducational groups, with clinical indicators of anxiety, stress and postpartum depression and, b) identify which sociodemographic variables influenced the emotional health of participants in each of the groups. The sample consisted of 42 mothers who presented clinical indicators of emotional health, which was assessed through inventories of stress, anxiety and depression. They composed two groups: 22 mothers who participated in the groups and 20 who did not. No significant differences were observed between sociodemographic variables or between emotional health indicators between the two groups. However, it is important to identify the clinical emotional indicators of mothers of premature babies and offer interventions to minimize them, as preventive measures for mental health in the female population and, consequently, in children.

Varios factores pueden interferir con la salud emocional materna y, entre ellos, el nacimiento prematuro del bebé. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo: a) describir y comparar la salud emocional de madres de bebés prematuros que ingresaron o no a grupos psicoeducativos, con indicadores clínicos de ansiedad, estrés y depresión posparto y, b) identificar qué variables sociodemográficas influyeron en la salud emocional de las madres en cada uno de los grupos. La muestra estuvo conformada por 42 madres de bebés prematuros que presentaron indicadores clínicos de salud emocional, la cual fue evaluada a través de inventarios de estrés, ansiedad y depresión. Compusieron dos grupos: 22 madres que participaron en los grupos y 20 que no. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre variables sociodemográficas ni entre indicadores de salud emocional entre los dos grupos. Sin embargo, es importante identificar los indicadores clínicos emocionales de las madres de bebés prematuros y ofrecer intervenciones para minimizarlos, como medidas preventivas para la salud mental de la población femenina y, en consecuencia, de los niños.

Saúde emocional materna e prematuridade: influência sobre o desenvolvimento de bebês aos três meses / Maternal emotional health and prematurity: influence on baby development at three months

Objetivo foi avaliar a influência da prematuridade e de aspectos da saúde emocional materna no desenvolvimento de bebês aos três meses. Participaram 191 díades sendo 69 a termo e 122 prematuros. Para avaliação da saúde emocional materna foram utilizados a EPDS, o ISS e o IDATE e para avaliação do desenvolvimento a Escala Bayley III. Aos três meses mães de bebês prematuros apresentaram significativamente mais ansiedade/estado e depressão pós-parto do que mães de bebês nascidos a termo. O desenvolvimento foi pior para os prematuros. Não se observou associação entre alterações emocionais maternas e desenvolvimento do prematuro. Entre as mães de bebês a termo observou-se riscos de atraso no desenvolvimento quando a mãe apresentava estresse em quatro das cinco áreas avaliadas. Resultados indicaram que tanto a saúde emocional quanto à prematuridade tem impacto sobre o desenvolvimento, sugerindo que mães de prematuros ou não, devem ser acompanhados durante o primeiro ano de vida.

The objective was to evaluate the influence of prematurity and aspects of maternal emotional health on the development of babies at three months. 191 dyads participated, of which 69 were forward and 122 premature. EPDS, ISS and IDATE were used to assess maternal emotional health and Bayley III Scale to assess development. At three months, mothers of premature babies had significantly more anxiety / state and postpartum depression than mothers of full term babies. Development was worse for preterm infants. There was no association between maternal emotio nal changes and the premature infant's development. Among term mothers, there were risks of developmental delay when the mother had stress in four of the five areas assessed. Results indicated that both emotional health and prematurity have an impact on de velopment, suggesting that mothers of preterm or not, should be followed during the first year of life.

Saúde emocional materna e tempo de internação de neonatos / Maternal emotional health and length of hospital stay

RESUMO O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever indicadores de saúde emocional de mães de bebês internados, considerando o tempo de internação em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN). Participaram 50 mães de bebês que estavam internados na UTIN da Maternidade Santa Isabel, em Bauru, SP. Para a caracterização da amostra utilizou-se de um questionário sociodemográfico com informações sobre as mães e os bebês. Para a avaliação da saúde emocional materna utilizou-se da Escala de Estresse Percebido (PSS - 14), o Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE) e o Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI-II). As mães responderam aos instrumentos em seus quartos ou nas dependências da UTI. Os resultados apontaram para índices mais altos de estresse (38%), ansiedade traço (54%) e ansiedade estado (64%). Das mães, 56% apresentaram dois ou mais indicadores clínicos de saúde emocional. Quanto maior o tempo de internação maior a depressão e a ansiedade estado. Os resultados sugerem atenção terapêutica às mães de bebês em UTIN.

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to describe the emotional health indicators of mothers of hospitalized infants, considering the length of hospital stay in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Fifty mothers of babies who were admitted to the NICU of the Maternidade Santa Isabel, in Bauru, SP, participated. To characterize the sample, a sociodemographic questionnaire was used with information about mothers and babies. For the evaluation of maternal emotional health, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), the Trait-State Anxiety Inventory (IDATE) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) were used. Mothers responded to the instruments in their rooms or ICU facilities. The results pointed to higher rates of stress (38%), trait anxiety (54%) and state anxiety (64%). Of the mothers, 56% had two or more clinical indicators of emotional health. The longer the hospitalization time the greater the depression and the anxiety state. The results suggest therapeutic attention to the mothers of infants in NICUs.

Symptoms of anxiety and depression in children with developmental coordination disorder: a systematic review / Sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em crianças com transtorno do desenvolvimentoda coordenação: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract Objective To find evidence of the symptoms of anxiety/depression in children with developmental coordination disorder as compared to their typically developing peers at both the group and individual level, and to identify how many different tools are used to measure anxiety and/or depression. Methods Electronic searches in eight databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, PsycINFO, Embase, SciELO and LILACS), using the following keywords: 'Developmental Coordination Disorder,' 'Behavioral Problems,' 'Child,' 'Anxiety,' 'Depression,' 'Mental Health,' and 'Mental Disorders.' The methodological quality was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale adapted for cross-sectional studies and the NOS for cohort studies. The studies were classified as low, moderate, or high quality. To provide clinical evidence, the effect size of the symptoms of anxiety and depression was calculated for each study. Results The initial database searches identified 581 studies, and after the eligibility criteria were applied, six studies were included in the review. All studies were classified as being of moderate to high quality, and the effect sizes for both anxiety and depression outcomes were medium. The evidence indicated that all of the assessed studies presented more symptoms of anxiety and depression in children with developmental coordination disorder than in their typically developing peers. On the individual level, this review found children with clinical symptoms of anxiety in 17-34% (developmental coordination disorder) and 0-23% (typically developing), and of depression in 9-15% (developmental coordination disorder) and 2-5% (typically developing) of the children. Conclusions Children with developmental coordination disorder are at higher risk of developing symptoms of anxiety and depression than their typically developing peers.

Resumo Objetivo Encontrar evidências dos sintomas de ansiedade/depressão em crianças com transtorno do desenvolvimento da coordenação em comparação com seus pares com desenvolvimento típico, a nível individual bem como em grupo, e identificar quantas ferramentas diferentes são utilizadas para medir a ansiedade e/ou depressão. Métodos Pesquisa eletrônica em oito bases de dados (PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Eric, PsycINFO, Embase, Scielo e Lilacs), utilizando as seguintes palavras-chave: 'Developmental Coordination Disorder', 'Behavioral Problems', 'Child', 'Anxiety', 'Depression', 'Mental Health' e 'Mental Disorders'. A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada pela escala de Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS) adaptada para estudos transversais e pela escala de Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS) para estudos de coorte. Os estudos foram classificados em: qualidade baixa, moderada e alta. Para fornecer evidência clínica, o tamanho do efeito dos sintomas de ansiedade e depressão foi calculado para cada estudo. Resultados As buscas iniciais nas bases de dados identificaram 581 estudos e, após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, seis estudos foram incluídos na revisão. Todos os estudos foram classificados como tendo qualidade moderada a alta e os tamanhos do efeito para os desfechos de ansiedade e depressão foram médios. As evidências indicaram que 100% dos estudos avaliados apresentaram mais sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em crianças com transtorno do desenvolvimento da coordenação do que em seus pares com desenvolvimento típico. No nível individual, encontramos crianças com sintomas clínicos de ansiedade em 17-34% (transtorno do desenvolvimento da coordenação) e 0-23% (desenvolvimento típico) e de depressão em 9-15% (transtorno do desenvolvimento da coordenação) e 2-5% (desenvolvimento típico) das crianças. Conclusões Crianças com transtorno do desenvolvimento da coordenação apresentam maior risco de desenvolver sintomas de ansiedade e depressão do que seus pares com desenvolvimento típico.

Effect of acupuncture on emotional disorder in patients with chronic pain: a Meta-analysis / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To systematically review the effect of acupuncture on emotional disorder in the patients with migraine and knee osteoarthritis and its effect time limit.@*METHODS@#The randomized controlled trials of acupuncture for migraine or knee osteoarthritis were retrieved from the databases, starting from the time of establishment through to December, 2018, i.e. the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, SinoMed, VIP and Wanfang. The bias risk assessment tool of Cochrane Review Manual 5.1.0 was adopted to evaluate the quality of trials in methodology. RevMan 5.3 software was used for the Meta-analysis.@*RESULTS@#A total of 12 articles were included, with 2450 cases. Regarding the immediate effect, the score of the emotional function subscale of migraine-specific quality-of-life questionnaire (MSQ) in the acupuncture group was higher than the control group (6.38[2.78,9.98], =25%). In view of the emotional function subscale of the short-form of health survey (SF-36/SF-12), and the scores of the mental function and negative mode scale in Spain's index of quality of life (PQLC), there were no significant differences in the scores between the acupuncture group and the control group. In 3 months of treatment, the score of the emotional function subscale of MSQ in the acupuncture group was higher than the control group (9.66 [3.06,16.25], =44%). The difference in the score of the mental health subscale of SF-36 and SF-12 was not significant between the acupuncture group and the control group. In 3 to 6 months of treatment, as well as in over 6 months of treatment, the score of every scale was not different statistically between the acupuncture group and the control group.@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture effectively maintains the healthy emotion in the patients with migraine and the effect is sustainable for 3 months after treatment. But the improvement of acupuncture is not remarkable in emotional disorder induced by knee osteoarthritis.

Changes In Emotional Distress And Cognitive Performance Following Aerobic Exercise And Low Fat Milk Consumption In Sedentary Female Adolescents

@#Introduction: Regular aerobic exercise and low-fat milk consumption can improve certain cognitive functions and reducing emotional distress. However, the impacts of combining these modalities are less explored. Thus, the present study examined the effects of combining aerobic exercise and low-fat milk intake among sedentary female students. Methods: Using a nonrandomized pretest – posttest with a control group research design, 85 sedentary females aged 16 years old were assigned into either milk (n = 21), exercise (n = 22), combined low fat milk and exercise (n = 23), or control (n = 19) groups. One serving of low-fat milk was provided to the students during each school day, and a 1-hour supervised step aerobics exercise was conducted twice per week for 3 months. Emotional distress and sustained attention were measured at baseline, 6th and 12th weeks after the intervention. A mixed factorial ANOVA was used to analyse the data. Results: The results revealed significantly less emotional distress in the combined (p < 0.01) and exercise groups (p < 0.05) compared with the control group after 12 weeks. Additionally, significant reductions were observed in the total time taken and errors of omission for both digits 6 and 9 of the Digit Vigilance Test in the combined group (p < 0.05, p < 0.001) compared with the control group. Conclusions: The results showed that low fat milk alone did not provide any additional benefits related to distress regulation, but the combination of exercise and low-fat milk contributed to improving sustained attention.

The Stories Untold – Third Genders Navigating the Health Care System

Background: The third genders are said to be the vulnerable and most marginalized group in the society and their health care needs should be addressed with priority, since they are under high pressure of social stigmatization. This paper is based on the discussion the researcher had with the transgender community on their access of health care system and how they define health in their own terms and experiences. Aims & Objective: To find the issues they face while navigating through the health care system. Their expectations from the health care system and their opinion on the current scenario is also reflected in the study. Material & Methods: This is a qualitative study using focus group discussion as the method adopted for collecting the data. Three focus group discussions were carried out with 8 respondents each. Hence the total number of respondents for the case study was 24 in number. Their collective opinion is also reviewed. Result and conclusion: The experience of the transgender community is appalling that they are not satisfied with the health care facilities provided. Preference should be given to them because the physical agony along with mental stress and stigma from the society is such a pathetic situation.

Analysis of environmental impact on emotional health of people visiting temples of Vrindavan, India: a qualitative survey

Background: In this century, blind faith in unhealthy environments is dwindling and more focus on environmental impact on a truly spiritual and emotionally uplifting experience is regarded as most important to contemporary visitors to sacred places. The main objective is to describe the emotional state of people visiting temples of Vrindavan and to describe the viewpoints on environmental factors affecting their emotional health.Methods: Type of study: a qualitative survey, study population: visitors to temples of Vrindavan. Method of sampling: purposive sampling, sample size: 67 people, study tool: pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire for interview, data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, and tabulated.Results: 82.09% of people interviewed were of the age 18-50 years. Among the visitors all were Indians, and one NRI. Majority interviewed were males. 6 people visiting temple 1 reported feeling annoyed, disturbed and insecure during visit. There were relatively positive responses regarding environmental factors due to religious constraints. Many people reported good conduct of pujaris (temple priests) in all the three temples with quite a few bad comments like professional seekers and greedy. Long queues and no comfort was disliked for all the three temples, however some people expressed no problem with it.Conclusions: Pilgrims do not critically analyze environmental aspects managed by authorities. They felt spiritual and emotionally aroused and preferred not to comment on not so comfortable experiences. We cannot neglect the rising exceptions to the usual herd of visitors who are on the rise.

The relationship of nutrition of rice and positive evaluation of the rice-based meal on the physical and emotional self-diagnosis and learning efficiency of the middle and highschool students in the Jeonju area / 한국영양학회지

PURPOSE: This study examined the relationship of the nutrition of rice and the positive evaluation of the rice-based meal with the food consumption habits, physical and emotional health status, and learning efficacy of 601 middle and high school students in Jeonju area. METHODS: The participants were divided into two groups using cluster analysis in that the participants belonging to the upper groups had a center score of 46.86 (n = 348), while the people belonging to the lower group had a center score of 36.89 (n = 253). Statistical differences were tested for all the relationships between the physical and emotional healths symptoms and learning efficacy between the groups at the α = 0.05 level. RESULTS: Significant differences in the physical self-evaluated symptoms were observed in all five items in each cluster (p < 0.05). In the case of the emotional health status, nine out of 10 items showed significant differences between the groups. Similarly, significant differences in all five items in learning efficacy questionnaire were noted (p < 0.05). Positive attitudes of the parents toward having breakfast also showed significant differences among the groups. CONCLUSION: The nutrition of rice and a positive evaluation of the rice-based meals significantly affect the physical and emotional health status and learning efficacy of juveniles. These findings can be used as baseline information for promoting nutrition education, particularly rice-based breakfast.

Análise de Fatores Sociodemográficos de Duplas Cuidador-Criança/Adolescente com Deficiência: Um Estudo Caso-Controle / Analysis of Sociodemographic Factors of The Pair Caregiver-Child/Adolescent With Disability: A Case-Control Study

RESUMO: Fatores sociodemográficos de duplas cuidador-criança/adolescente com deficiência são questões importantes, mas que ainda são pouco exploradas em estudos nacionais. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a associação de fatores sociodemográficos e deficiência entre pares de cuidador - criança/adolescente com e sem deficiência. Um estudo com desenho caso-controle foi conduzido. O estudo incluiu 112 pares de cuidador-criança, dos quais 56 foram crianças com deficiência (casos) e 56 crianças sem deficiência (controles). Para coleta de dados, os seguintes instrumentos foram usados: Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) e questionário sociodemográfico. A maioria dos pares cuidador-criança com deficiência apresentou condições sociodemográficas desfavoráveis quando comparados aos pares cuidador-criança sem deficiência. O modelo final de regressão logística indicou que cuidadores de crianças com deficiência percebem sua saúde mais negativamente, e crianças com deficiência apresentam mais restrição alimentar, fazem mais uso de medicamentos controlados e dependem mais de benefícios do governo. As variáveis associadas são fundamentais para entender mais claramente a questão da deficiência e a influência do cuidador nesse contexto.

ABSTRACT: Sociodemographic factors of the pair caregiver-child/adolescent with disability are important issues, but they are still little explored in national studies. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of sociodemographic factors and disability between pairs of caregiver - child/adolescent with and without disability. A case-control study design was used. The study included 112 caregiver-child pairs, of which 56 were children with disabilities (cases) and 56 children without disabilities (controls). For data collection, the following instruments were used: Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and Sociodemographic Questionnaire. Most of the pairs caregiver-child with disability presented more unfavorable sociodemographic conditions when compared to the pair caregiver-child with no disability. The final logistic regression model indicated that caregivers of children with disabilities perceive their health more negatively, and children with disabilities present more food restrictions, make more use of controlled medications and rely more heavily on Government benefits. The associated variables are fundamental to understand the issue of disability more clearly and the influence of the caregiver in this context.

Impacts of emotional health and quality of life on the cognitive functions of epileptics / 医学研究生学报

Objective At present, the risk factors for cognitive impairment in epilepsy patients are not quite clear.This study was to explore the impacts of the clinical features, emotional health and quality of life (QOL) on the cognitive function of the adult patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Methods Using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scales, we evaluated the cognitive functions of the 109 adult epileptics of the outpatient clinic of neurology in Jinling Hospital.We assessed their emotional health with Hamilton Depression Scale-24 (HAMD-24), estimated their QOL with Quality Of Life in Epilepsy-31 (QOLIE-31), and collected their baseline clinical data by questionnaire survey.Results There were 67 cases of MCI (61.5%) among the 109 patients.The residential area was the strongest predictor of MCI in the adult epileptics (OR=0.226, 95% CI: 0.082-0.627).Among other risk factors of post-epileptic MCI were the total scores of HAMD-24 (OR=0.770, 95% CI: 0.644-0.921) and QOLIE-31 (OR=0.712, 95% CI: 0.575-0.880), QOL (OR=1.070, 95% CI: 1.015-1.128), cognitive function (OR=1.120, 95% CI: 1.043-1.203), and social function (OR=1.103, 95% CI: 1.035-1.175).Conclusion The incidence of MCI is high in adult patients with epilepsy.The development and progression of post-epileptic MCI can be delayed by more emphasis on the evaluation of cognitive function, emotional health, and quality of life.