Bioactivity and biocompatibility of bioceramic sealers in endodontics: an integrative review

Introduction: Bioceramic sealers have been gaining prominence in endodontics, meaning a great advance for endodontic therapy, mainly due to their biocompatibility and bioactivity. Objectives: research and discuss the literature about the bioactivity and biocompatibility of bioceramic sealants. Materials and methods: An integrative review was performed. The systematic plan consisted of four steps. In the first stage, a bibliographic survey was carried out in the Capes Periódicos Portal database. The search criteria were articles published between 2017 and 2022, found in the "advanced search" mode, using cross-references with the following keywords: bioceramics sealers AND endodontology AND root canals AND endodontic sealer AND bioactivity AND biocompatibility. Only documents found and published in full were evaluated. In the second stage, the titles and abstracts of the articles were read. In the third stage, a selection was made of those containing 3 to 5 keywords and a wording equal to or close to the proposed keywords. The fourth step consisted of reading the texts in full, followed by checking for duplicity and building a table with the collected information. Results: In view of the research carried out, 23 articles were obtained in the first stage. After reading the titles and abstracts, 21 articles were obtained. After selecting those containing 3 to 5 keywords, 10 articles met the criteria. One article was deleted due to duplicates. 9 articles met the exclusion and inclusion criteria and were selected to be part of the integrative review. Discussion: The selected studies in this literature review showed that bioceramic endodontic sealants perform well in endodontic therapy. Conclusion: To advance in its clinical application, more in vivo and in vitro studies with precise methods are needed to obtain more reliable data about its properties.

Avaliação de propriedades físico-químicas, tempo de endurecimento e drenagem de um cimento endodôntico adicionado ao MTA em diferentes proporções / Evaluation of physico-chemical properties, time of hardening and draining of an endodontic sealer added to mta in different proportions

Objetivo: o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o tempo e o fluxo de endurecimento do cimento AH-PLUS e MTA nas proporções de 10%, 20% e 30%, a fim de adicionar a capacidade de estimular a deposição de tecido duro. Material e Métodos: Para o teste de fluxo, 0,5 ml de cimento foram depositados em uma placa de vidro e outra placa foi adicionada com uma carga adicional, após 10 minutos a carga foi removida e o diâmetro do círculo formado pelo cimento foi medido com um Bússola digital. Para o tempo de endurecimento, foram utilizados moldes cilíndricos preenchidos com o cimento testado, mantidos dentro de um forno e os testes de agulha de Gillmore foram realizados no material em intervalos de 60 segundos até que as marcas não fossem visíveis na superfície do cimento testado. Resultados: Na vazão, os valores obtidos foram: 41,1 mm (10% MTA), 32,86 mm (20% MTA), 21,91 mm (30% MTA), 24,41 mm AHPlus® e 26,47 mm MTA Fillapex®. O tempo de endurecimento encontrado nesta pesquisa foi de 1631 'em proporção (10% MTA), 628,4 em proporção (20% MTA), 567' em proporção (30% MTA), 767 em AH Plus e Fillapex MTA não. presou dentro de 6 semanas. Conclusão: concluiu-se que a adição de 10%, 20% e 30% de MTA ao AH Plus não alterou as propriedades do fluxo e o tempo estabelecido

Objective: evaluate the hardening time and flow of AH-PLUS and MTA cement in the proportions of 10%, 20% and 30% in order to add the ability to stimulate the deposition of hard tissue. Material and Methods: For the flow test, 0.5 ml of cement was deposited on a glass plate and another plate was added with an additional charge, after 10 minutes the charge was removed and the diameter of the circle formed by the cement was measured with a digital compass. For the hardening time, cylindrical molds filled with the tested cement were used, kept inside a kiln and Gillmore needle tests were performed on the material at 60 second intervals until the marks were not visible on the surface of the tested cement. Results: In the flow rate, the values obtained were: 41.1mm (10% MTA), 32.86mm (20% MTA), 21.91mm (30% MTA), 24.41mm AHPlus® and 26.47mm MTA Fillapex®. The hardening time found in this survey was 1631 'in proportion (10% MTA), 628.4 in proportion (20% MTA), 567' in proportion (30% MTA), 767 in AH Plus and Fillapex MTA did not. took prey within 6 weeks. Conclusion: it was concluded that the addition of 10%, 20% and 30% of MTA to AH Plus did not change the flow properties and the established time

Antibacterial effect of four endodontic cements against enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212: an in vitro study

Objective: to compare the in vitro antibacterial effect of the root canal cements Endobalsam, Top Seal, Apexit and Endofill against enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. Materials and method: Eighty-five applications of cements on enterococcus faecalis, cultured in vitro on solid media in Petri dishes, were analyzed. five groups were evaluated: four for each cement, and the fifth for the positive control (amoxicillin). the antibacterial effect was measured by the diameters of the bacterial inhibition halos at 24 hours, 48 hours, and seven days. student´s t-test, ANOVA and the Tukey test were used for the statistical analysis. results: no statistically significant differences were found at 24 hours (p>0.05); at 48 hours and seven days, Endofill and Apexit had the greatest effect (p<0.05); finally, on day 7 only Endofill showed an effect similar to the positive control (p>0.05). conclusion: enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 was susceptible to all cements. Endofill had greater in vitro antibacterial effect than Apexit, Top Seal and Endobalsam.

Adhesion and formation of tags from MTA Fillapex compared with AH Plus® cement

Introduction and Objective: The aim of this study was two-fold: 1) to evaluate, in vitro, the shear bond strength of two sealers by push-out test and 2) to assess the failures after displacement. Additionally, the formation of tags was observed by SEM. Material and methods: Forty mandibular premolars were selected and the canals were subjected to biomechanical preparation with rotary instruments. These specimens were divided into two groups according to the sealer (n = 20): GI - MTA Fillapex and GII - AH Plus. All roots were filled with sealer only, without gutta-percha. After a period corresponding to three times the setting time of the sealer, the roots were sectioned transversely into slices of 1 mm thickness, to obtain one slice from the cervical third, to be used in the push-out test. Following, two slices of each group were randomly chosen for ultrastructural analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The data obtained in shear bond strength test were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: AH Plus cement exhibited higher shear bond strength values (1.332±0.75 MPa) than MTA Fillapex (0.071±0.07 MPa), with statistically significant differences. Conclusion: MTA Fillapex has a low bond strength with less formation of tags than AH Plus.

Can the Cure Time of Endodontic Sealers Affect Bond Strength to Root Dentin?

The cure time of endodontic sealers may influence the bond strength of fiber posts to root dentin. Forty teeth were selected and endodontically filled using calcium hydroxide cement and then divided into 2 groups according to the time elapsed between endodontic filling and post luting (n = 20): Immediately - glass fiber post luting immediately after endodontic filling; and Delayed - post luting performed 7 days after endodontic filling. The roots were also subdivided according to resin cement used for post luting (RelyX ARC and RelyX Unicem). The specimens were stored at 37°C for 24 h and sectioned in six 1-mm-thick slices from cervical, middle and apical thirds. The slice specimens were submitted to a push-out test at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min, and the bond strength values obtained (MPa) were submitted to two-way ANOVA in a split-plot arrangement and Tukey's test (α=0.05). For both RelyX ARC and Unicem, the bond strength was significantly higher when the posts were cemented 7 days after the endodontic treatment. RelyX Unicem showed significantly higher bond strength values than RelyX ARC for both cementation periods. It was concluded that post luting should be made after the complete setting of the root canal sealer. Self-adhesive resin cement should be preferred for fiber post luting.

O tempo de presa de cimentos endodônticos pode afetar a resistência de união de pinos de fibra de vidro à dentina radicular. Quarenta dentes foram selecionados e tratados endodonticamente com cimento à base de hidróxido de cálcio. Em seguida, os mesmos foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com o tempo decorrido entre o tratamento endodôntico e a cimentação definitiva (n=20): Imediato - pinos de fibra de vidro cimentados após o tratamento endodôntico; e Mediato - cimentação do pino realizada 7 dias após o tratamento endodôntico. As raízes foram subdivididas de acordo com o cimento resinoso (RelyX ARC e RelyX Unicem). As amostras foram armazenadas a 37 °C durante 24 h e seccionadas em seis fatias de 1 mm de espessura relacionadas com terços cervical, médio e apical. Os espécimes foram submetidos a teste de push-out a uma velocidade de 0,5 mm/min e os valores de resistência de união obtidos (MPa) foram submetidos à análise de variância em esquema de parcelas subdivididas e teste de Tukey (α=0,05). Para os cimentos RelyX ARC e Unicem, a resistência de união foi maior quando os pinos foram cimentados 7 dias após o tratamento endodôntico. RelyX Unicem apresentou valores de resistência de união superiores ao RelyX ARC para os períodos de cimentação. Concluiu-se que a cimentação do pino de fibra de vidro deve ser feita após o completo tempo de presa do cimento endodôntico. Cimentos resinosos auto-adesivos devem ser preferidos para cimentação de pinos de fibra.