Correlation between growth characteristics and quality of rhizomes of Notopterygium incisum under wild tending / 中国中药杂志

Study the growth and development process of rhizomes(bamboo-like part) of Notopterygium incisum and the changes of carbohydrate, endogenous hormones and secondary metabolites, and provide theoretical guidance for the formation of high-quality N. incisum medicinal commodities under artificial cultivation. The One-year-old seedlings were transplanted to the original habitat,and the growth and physiological characteristics of N. incisum were dynamically monitored. The results showed that: ① Seedlings transplanted to the original habitat in spring could form rhizomes(bamboo-like part) in the same year. ② After 60 days of transplantation, the root length and root diameter of underground part of N. incisum had increased rapidly, and carbohydrate content in roots and rhizomes had accumulated rapidly. After 120 days of transplantation, the roots and rhizomes of underground part had grown slowly, and starch content in roots and rhizomes increased continuously, while sucrose and total soluble sugar content decreased gradually. ③ The content of abscisic acid(ABA) in rhizomes decreased firstly and then increased, while the indole acetic acid(IAA) content stabilized firstly and then increased rapidly, and the contents of gibberellin(GA_3) and zeatin riboside(ZR) continued to increase. ④ The content of notopterol in rhizomes was higher than that in roots, while the content of isoimperatorin was lower than that in roots, but the total content of the both in rhizomes was higher than that in roots. Therefore, N. incisum can form rhizomes with high content of secondary metabolites under wild tending, and the growth and development of rhizomes are closely related to changes in carbohydrates and are regulated by related endogenous hormones.

Effects of methyle jasmonate on active components, anti-oxidant enzyme activities and endogenous hormone content in Blumea balsamifera / 中草药

Objective To study the regulation among the content of L-borneol and four endogenous hormones and the activity of three anti-oxidant enzymes in Blumea balsamifera leaves located at different leaf positions and the concentration of inducer and the sampling time. Methods Methyle Jasmonate (MeJA) of 0.01 mmol/L, 0.10 mmol/L, 1.00 mmol/L, and 10.00 mmol/L was chosen for exogenous inducer in this experiment. The leaves of B. balsamifera located at different leaf positions (tender leaves, mature leaves, aged leaves) were experimental materials. The active content of L-borneol, the content of four endogenous hormones of auxin (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA3), and zeatin (ZT), and the activity of three antioxidant enzymes of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detection indexes. Results The results showed that the effect of 1.00 mmol/L MeJA on the accumulation of L-borneol was good. The changes of anti-oxidant enzymes induced by different concentrations of MeJA were complex. For the content of POD, except that the B. balsamifera leaves treated with 10.00 mmol/L MeJA were lower than that in the control, POD were significantly higher than those of the control (P < 0.05) at 72 h in other conditions. Under the induction of 10.00 mmol/L MeJA, the CAT content of the B. balsamifera leaves at three leaf positions was highest at 24 h, and the activity of CAT was decreased rapidly over time. Under the MeJA treatments of other concentrations, the activities of CAT in young leaves and old leaves were significantly lower than those in the control at 72 h, but higher than those in the control at 72 h except for the treatment of 0.1 mmol/L MeJA in mature leaves. The content of SOD in the three leaf positions was lower than the control except that the B. balsamifera leaves treated with 1 mmol/L MeJA was significantly higher than that of the control after 48 h. The rest of the concentration of superoxide dismutase were lower than the control. Low concentration of MeJA (≤ 0.10 mmol/L) could promote the accumulation of IAA, GA3, and ZT in leaves of B. balsamifera, whereas the high concentration of MeJA (≥ 10.00 mmol/L) could promote the accumulation of ABA. Conclusion Under the induction of exogenous MeJA (1.00 mmol/L), B. balsamifera can promote the accumulation of active ingredients, providing a theoretical basis for its cultivation and production.

Rule of breaking Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis seed dormancy under fluctuating temperature stratification and content changes of endogenous hormone / 中草药

Objective: To study the rule of breaking seed dormancy and content changes of endogenous hormone of the Paris polyphylla var. Yunnanensis seeds. Methods: The seeds were treated under fluctuating temperature, and the content of endo-hormone, such as GA, IAA, and ABA, was mensurated by HPLC. Results: During the first three months, the stratification under fluctuating temperature could break the seed dormancy. The content of GA rose obviously and the content of ABA reduced. Conclusion: It is suggested that ABA and GA have significant effect on the dormancy and germination of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis seeds.

Changes of endogenous hormone and gene expression during process of somatic embryogenesis in Panax ginseng / 中草药

Objective To study the relationship during exogenous hormone-endogenous hormone-idiogene, and establish the foundation to illuminate the molecule mechanism during process of somatic embryogenesis in Panax ginseng. Methods AFLP Analysis on the period of different culture in development pathway of P. ginseng was carried out simultaneously, the endogenous IAA, ABA, and the saponin content in the period of different cultures during process of somatic embryogenesis in P. ginseng were determined. Results It indicated the content of IAA was the highest in early embryo period and ABA was the highest in the mature embryo period. The ratio of ABA/IAA was higher at the stage of mature embryo than that of others. The gene expression was different in the different period cultures during process of somatic embryogenesis in P. ginseng. The total saponin content of test-tube plantlet is four fold higher than that in the period of cotylen embryo. Conclusion The condition that maintains normal development of somatic embryogenesis in P. ginseng is the presence of IAA. ABA correlates with the embryo priming, somatic embryogenesis and development. Especially, it influences the later period of somatic embryogenesis. It produces the different types of gene regulation in different physiology condition or different culture conditions. There is idiogene expression in the different development processes, which induces the different cell differentiation. With gradually completion of morphogenesis, it is the accumulative process of secondary metabolite.

Rule of breaking Ferula fukanensis seed dormancy under low-temperature and content changes of endogenous hormone / 中草药

Objective To study the rule of breaking Ferula fukanensis seed dormancy under low-temperature and content changes of endo-hormone.Methods The seeds were treated with stratification under 4 ℃ and germinated under 20 ℃.The content of endo-hormone,such as Z,GA_3,IAA,and ABA,was mensurated by HPLC.Results The seed germination rate achieved as high as 14% in 20 d and more than 60% in 40 d.Among breaking the seed dormancy,the content of endo-hormone was decreased gradually,while the rate of GA_3 and ABA was increased quickly in 10—20 d under 4 ℃ stratification.ConclusionThe stratification under 4 ℃ could break the seed dormancy.The rate of GA_3 and ABA is a pivotal factor of the seed dormancy.The endo-hormones IAA and Z have the significant effect on seed germination.