ABSTRACT
Hysteroscopy is an important method for early diagnosis of endometrial carcinomas,and is extensively used in clinic.Its unique advantages include intuitive,comprehensive,and accurate observation of the uterine cavity and orientating biopsy.It can compensate for shortcomings and disadvantages of traditional diagnostic methods such as dilatation,curettage,and ultrasound.However,during the hysteroscopy examination,malignant cells may disseminate into peritoneal cavity under the pressure of medium used for distention of the uterine cavity,and this dissemination of endometrial cancer cells may influence prognosis of endometrial carcinomas.These are the main limitation factors of hysteroscopy,which restricts its clinical application.This present article reviews advantages and problems of hysteroscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of endometrial carcinomas.
ABSTRACT
Endometrial cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in female genital tract.The incidence of endometrial cancer is increasing,even the top one in the developed country and bigger cities in China.The screening of endometrial cancer should be performed in the high risk population.In the recent years,the popular screening methods for endometrial cancer include ultrasound,endometrial biopsy,and endometrial cytology (ECT),etc.This review introduces briefly above methods.
ABSTRACT
The clinical manifestation of endometrial uterine cancers is similar to other gynecological diseases like endometrial hyperplasia,polyps,uterine myoma,and adenomyosis.This similarity may result in missed diagnosis of endometrial cancer,which should be paid wide attention.In these cases,pathological examination reports malignancy of uterine specimen after simple hysterectomy.Personalized treatment,such as observation and reoperation,should be supplemented for these patients,according to the pathological characteristics of the tumor,risk factors of lymphatic and ovarian metastasis and the willingness of patient.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the main causes of the missed and delayed diagnosis of endometrial carcinomas.Methods Endometrial carcinoma and missed and delayed diagnosis were used as key words to search in the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Data.Results There were 37 cases with details.Among these,10 cases were caused by false negative D&C (27.0％ of the total);14 cases were caused by misdiagnosis as uterine benign disease (37.8％ of the total);13 cases were caused by the overlooking of the primary symptoms because of the advanced diseases.Conclusions Paying more attention to the symptoms of endometrial carcinomas is necessary to reduce the missed and delayed diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma.