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【Objective】 To evaluate the efficacy and weight of sellar floor repair techniques such as different dura suture, bone reconstruction, and pedicled nasoseptal flap (PNSF) on the skull base reconstruction of medium and high flow cerebrospinal fluid leakage during endonasal endoscopic pituitary adenoma surgery. 【Methods】 We collected the data of Grade 2-3 cerebrospinal fluid leakage (Kelly grade) during endonasal endoscopic pituitary adenoma resection in our hospital from January 2015 to April 2021. Multiple reconstruction techniques such as dura suture, bone reconstruction and PNSF, and related factors such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, tumor size and diameter of diaphragmatic defect were recorded and introduced to multivariate regression to analyze the effects of the above factors on the duration of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and bed rest time, with a special focus on the weight priority of dura suture, bone reconstruction, and PNSF. 【Results】 A total of 281 patients were included, with the average age of (47±12.6) years, males accounting for 52.6%. There were 93 cases of PNSF, 268 cases of bone reconstruction, 109 cases of dura anchor suture, 50 cases of patch suture, and 122 cases without suture. The results of multivariate analysis indicated that the application of PNSF, bone reconstruction, and dura suture significantly reduced postoperative rhinorrhea time [reduced by 18.524, 35.876, and 16.983/19.791 (anchor suture/patch suture) hours, respectively; all PPNSF>bone reconstruction [Standard β=0.211/0.207 (anchor suture/patch suture)>0.200>0.165]. The weight of reducing bed time was bone reconstruction >dura suture > PNSF [Standard β=0.239>0.206/0.210 (anchor suture/patch suture) >0.164]. After stabilizing the learning curve in 25-30 cases, the average time for bone reconstruction was (3.9±0.4) minutes. After stabilizing learning curve in 30-40 cases, the dura suture technique took an average of (3.7±0.3) minutes per stitch, (3.7±1.0) stitches per case, and (13.6±2.7) minutes of total time consumption per case. 【Conclusion】 Dural anchoring and patching suture can both effectively shorten the duration of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and bed rest time. Bone reconstruction significantly improves the stability of reconstruction, especially in prompting patients’ early disengagement of bed rest. Moreover, the learning curves of the above two methods are economical and reasonable, and their weight is close to or even exceeds that of PNSF. Therefore, they can be an effective supplement or even substitute for PNSF.
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Background:Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula is an abnormal CSF leakage due to bone and/or dural defect of the skull base and usually operated with endonasalendoscopic approach. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of an endonasal endoscopic approach in the repair of CSF leakage and to find the reasons of the recurrence of endoscopic procedure. Methods:The medical records of 24 patients that presented with the diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid fistula and who had undergone endonasal endoscopic repair surgery were reviewed retrospectively.Results:13 patients (54.2%) were found to have spontaneous CSF fistulas without any history of trauma, while 11 patients (45.8%) had posttraumatic CSF fistulas. The mean body mass index (BMI) of patients was 31. 3 kg/m² (20.1-49.6). Nasal septal cartilage was usedas a graft material in 19 patients (79%) while only fascia was used in 5 patients (21%). The evaluation of long-term results revealed recurrence in 4 patients (16.6%). Two of these patients required a second surgical repair.Conclusions:An endoscopic endonasal approach is a safe method with less morbidity and a reliable outcome in the repair of CSF fistulas. The most important causative factors in the recurrence of endoscopic repair of CSF leak might be to have high BMI and not to use multilayered graft material for closure of fistula
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The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) has been popularized in adults and has been applied to an expanding range of surgical modules and indications in this population. However, its clinical application in pediatric neurosurgery has been impeded by the differences in anatomical features and the relatively low incidence of diseases to which it is applicable. In this review article, we mainly discuss the surgical indications, feasibility, and complications of EEA for suprasellar lesions in children based on a review of the literature, focusing especially on the age-related anatomical features of the nasal cavity, various pathologic entities, and the impact of EEA on long-term craniofacial growth.
Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Humans , Incidence , Nasal Cavity , NeurosurgeryABSTRACT
Objective To study the risk factors of the biochemical remission of pituitary tumor patients with acromegaly treated by the endoscopic endonasal surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data was conducted on 61 cases acromegaly patients underwent endoscopic endonasal surgery between August 2013- November 2016.Endocrinology tests were performed in all patients,including the fasting/random GH(growth hormone,GH)level, Nadir GH during OGTT(oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT), and IGF-1(insulin-like growth factor-1,IGF-1). The clinical data included gender, age, preoperative GH value, preoperative IGF-1 value, tumor invasion of the inferface space of internal carotid artery(ICA),tumor surrounding angle of internal carotid artery(≥/<135°),Knosp grade, Hardy grade, and tumor volume. Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic retrospective analysis were used to analyze the association between above-mentioned factors and the occurrence of biochemical remission. Results There were 52.5% (32/61)patients achieving biochemical remission.Univariate analysis showed significant differences between patients with and without biochemical remission in preoperative GH value, tumor surrounding angle of internal carotid artery(</≥135°)and Knosp grade(P<0.05).The Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative GH value,tumor surrounding angle of internal carotid artery(</≥135°)were risk factors concerning about the biochemical remission in patients underwent endoscopic endonasal surgery.(P<0.05). Conclusion Tumor surrounding angle of internal carotid artery(≥135°)is independent risk factors, while the preoperative GH value is a risk predictor of biochemical remission after endoscopic endonasal surgery in acromegaly.
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As variantes anatômicas dos seios da face são achados comuns na prática diária. O conhecimento destas variações por parte dos radiologistas faz-se necessário tanto pelas condições patológicas relacionadas como também pela importância no planejamento da cirurgia endoscópica funcionalendonasal. A cirurgia endonasal é o procedimento de escolha para diagnóstico, biópsias e tratamentode várias doenças nasossinusais, e para que seja efetuada com segurança, prevenindo-se lesões iatrogênicas, é fundamental que o cirurgião tenha o mapeamento dessas estruturas. Dessaforma, a tomografia computadorizada torna-se indispensável para avaliação pré-operatória dos seios da face. Revisão da literatura e ensaio iconográfico foram realizados com o objetivo de discutir a importância das principais variantes anatômicas dos seios paranasais, pois o conhecimento dessas alterações e suas relações com condições patológicas é uma habilidade que se espera do radiologista geral.
Anatomic variations of paranasal sinuses are common findings in daily practice. For a radiologist, to know these variations is necessary because of the pathological conditions related to them, and also because they are import for planning a functional endoscopicendonasal surgery, the procedure of choice for diagnosis, biopsy and treatment of various sinonasal diseases. To assure that this surgery is done safely, preventing iatrogenic injuries, it is essential that the surgeon has the mapping of these structures. Thus, aCT is indispensable for preoperative evaluation of paranasal sinuses.Since a general radiologist is expected to know these changes and their relationship to pathological conditions, a literature review and a iconographic essay were conducted with the aimof discussing the importance of major anatomic variations of paranasal sinuses.
Subject(s)
Endoscopy/methods , Paranasal Sinuses/anatomy & histology , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy of transnasal repair of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) rhinorrhea. METHODS: Thirteen patients with traumatic noniatrogenic CSF fistulas were included in the retrospective analysis. High-resolution thin-section computed tomographic cisternography was helpful in localization of the CSF leakage site. The most frequent leakage site was the sphenoid sinus. The transnasal approach(TNA), comprised of endonasal endoscopic surgery(EES) or transseptosphenoidal surgery(TSS), was mainly used for smaller fistulas. Total or selected ethmoidectomy depended on the localization of the leakage. Wide sphenoidotomy enabled detection and repair of CSF leaks from the sphenoid cavity. Three patients also underwent transcranial approach(TCA) because of the large or multi-fragmented bony defect and the need for further exposure for repair. Five patients developed ascending meningitis in the preoperative period with antibiotic prophylaxis. RESULTS: Twenty-five leaks were initially repaired using one of three techniques:EES alone in eight patients, EES plus TCA in three, and TSS alone in two. Ten patients who solely underwent the TNA did not experience the complications of the traditional TCA. One recurrent sphenoid fistula was successfully treated by TSS. After a follow-up from 12 to 88 months(mean 32.7), the overall success rate for 25 CSF fistulas was 100%. CONCLUSION: The transnasal repair is a safe, successful, and alternative approach for the surgical repair of traumatic CSF rhinorrhea, and also could be combined to TCA.