Language problems in the English abstracts of medical papers by Chinese authors:an analysis from the perspective of thinking set / 医学研究生学报

Thinking set is a special prepared mental state or subjective tendency created by previous activities .Different thinking modes are established by different cultures and culture-derived ideological and cognitive patterns , imperceptibly guiding people in their ways of language expression .The marked differences between oriental and western cultures give rise to a sharp distinction be -tween the Chinese and English languages in their expressions and syntactic structures .Viewing from the negative transfer of thinking set, this article presents a comparative analysis on the most common language problems in the English abstracts of medical papers by Chinese authors , focusing on four most typical aspects related to cultural difference and previous experience .

Comparative analysis of english abstracts between domestic and international geriatrics journals / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To analyze the structural,content and language characteristics of English abstract in domestic versus international geriatrics journals in order to promote international exchange in geriatric medicine research in our country.Methods In this paper,we analyzed the characteristics and contents of original articles published in 5 foreign journals (IF＞3.0) from Pubmed database (n=60) and 5 core (the source of statistics) domestic geriatric journals from Wanfang web during recent 3 years (n=61).Results Our survey showed that in the domestic geriatrics journals,the structured abstracts were used with inflexible four-heading and fixed leading words.In foreign geriatrics journals,however,non-structured abstracts were mostly applied in articles on basic research,and structured abstracts primarily appeared in clinical or survey research papers.Compared with foreign geriatrics journals,the shortages or some problems in English abstracts of the domestic geriatrics journals included a short writing,repetition of objective with title,lack of description of research background,improper description of results data,more passive voice,improper use of modal verbs.Conclusions The domestic geriatrics journals should learn the diverse forms of abstracts and content structure from foreign geriatrics journals,strengthen the elaboration of background and highlights,and use active voice in concordance with the international mainstream.

Strategies for writing Engish abstracts of medical papers / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This paper presents the writing problems in English abstracts of medical pa-pers,analyzes the underlying causes of these problems,and recommends the strategies for writing internationally standard English abstract.

A Few Comments of the English Abstract Assessor / 신경정신의학

Objectives are to understand the trend of 'Globulation'. an individual strategy for a 'revolution from beyond', and to acknowledge the need to improve the command of English particularly in writing and speaking. The reader should be able to identify common grammar and compositional errors in writing English abstract. 112 English abstracts already accepted by the editorial board were examined to correct grammar and compositional errors since 2002. Five abstracts were chosen to illustrate inadequacies in different areas. Inadequacies were found most commonly in the structure of abstract. The guideline set by the Journal was often violated, not to mention the ones paid no attention to the guideline. Many abstracts were not presentable because of many errors in grammar. It was strongly recommended to include the assessment of English abstract in evaluation process. Inadequate ones should be returned to the authors for correction.

Assessment on Quality Improvement of the Abstracts of the Original Research Articles in the Korean Journal of Preventive Medicine / 예방의학회지

OBJECTIVES: To compare the quality improvement of the abstracts of original articles, according to the revised manuscript format, of the Korean Journal of Preventive Medicine (Korean J Pre Med) was adopted in 1999. METHODS: A total 63 abstracts for 1997, and 49 for 2001, were selected as the original articles from the Kor J Pre Med. This study was carried out by the separate-sample pretest-posttest design. The quality of the abstracts was measured by a checklist of Narine' evaluation criteria, and the other information related to the articles were also surveyed by e-mail and fax or telephone using a self-made questionnaire. From the response rate, a total of 62 abstracts for 1997 and 49 for 2001 were finally analyzed. RESULTS: The mean number of words in an abstract decreased from 285 in 1997, to 250 by 2001. The mean number of key words per abstract decreased from 3.9 in 1997, to 3.6 by 2001. The mean number of inappropriate usage of key words per abstract, by the MeSH standard, decreased from 1.9 in 1997, to 0.4 by 2001. Also, the overall mean score of abstract quality increased from 0.54 in 1997 to 0.61 by 2001. The range of scores for the abstract quality was better in 2001 (0.40~0.77) than in 1997 (0.20~0.81). From the multiple regression analyses of the 1997 and 2001 databases, the intervention of the manuscript format's revision, and the number of English words to the quality score of the abstract, were the only statistically significant factors. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the quality of abstracts in the Kor J Pre Med has improved since the revised manuscript format was adopted in 1999. The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine will continuously recommend proposals for more informative abstracts in their journal, and will evaluate the abstracts' content with quality criteria. Future studies should address these issues, and compare the quality of abstracts between different international and domestic journals.

A Study on the Effect of Self-Management and Relaxation Training through Biofeedback on Influencing the Stress Response and Immune Functions / 간호학회지

The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of self-management relaxation training through biofeedback and progressive muscle relaxation methods. The effectiveness of the experimental methods was tested by measuring the degree of symptoms of stress(SOS), the McNair's profile of Mood STates(POMS), the levels of ephinephrine, norepinephrine, pulse rate, blood pressure and natural killer cells. The subjects of this study were sixty six nursing students divided into four groups two groups were the biofeedback and progressive muscle relaxation groups, the other two groups served as control groups. One was a group of sophomores with no experience at all, the other a junior group without self-management or relaxation training. This study was condicted for eight weeks of clinical practice from April, 26th 1998 to June, 20th 1998. Biofeedback training was done with software developed by J&J company(1-410 form for abdominal respiration training). Progressive muscle relaxation training was done with an audiotape recorded according to Jacobson's Theory. The data were analyzed with frequencies, means, and analysis of cobariance using the SPSS program and the significance level of statistics was 5%. The results of the study are : 1) The importance of clinical practice stress reduction is shown in that the level of symptoms of stress in the experimental groups in clinical practice was higher than in the group receiving only a lecture. 2) The relaxation training methods of biofeeback and progressive muscle relaxation were effective in reducing the symptoms of stress under the clinical practice stress conditions. 3) The effectiveness of the biofeedback training relaxation method to reduce symptoms of stress was higher than that of progressive muscle relaxation. 4) The relaxation training methods of biofeedback and progressive muscle relaxation were effective in reducing stressful mood states. 5) The relaxation training methods of bioffedback and progressive muscle relaxation were not effective in reducing epinephrine and norepinephrine levels. 6) The relaxation training methods of biofeedback and progressive muscle relaxation were effective in increasing the number of natural killer cells. 7) The relaxation training methods of biofeedback and progressive muscle relaxation were effective in decreasing high systolic and diastolic values of blood pressure and high pulse rates. In summary, the relaxation methods of biofeedback and progressive muscle relaxation in reducing clinical practice stress were effective in lowering the level of symptoms of stress and the profile of stressful mood states. They were also effective in lowering high blood pressure and pulse rates. The relaxation methods were effective in increasing the number of natural killer cells as part of the immune function. However, relaxation methods were not effective symptoms of stress was more effective than the progressive muscle relaxation method.

Key Points in Writing English Abstracts for Medical Paper / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the key points in writing English abstracts for medical paper so as to improve the writing quality of English abstracts among clinicians and pharmacists.METHODS:The structure,tense,voice and the common sentence pattern of English abstracts of medical papers were introduced.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:To know the key points in writing English abstracts for medical paper is conducive to the smoothly publication and the display of the due literature value of paper.