ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the immune enhancing effect of saponins from American ginseng and its mechanism. Methods: The drug dosage of American ginseng saponin extract and the optimal modeling dose of rapamycin were determined by tolerance test and immunodeficiency model establishment experiments. Zebra fish were divided into control group (0.5% dimethyl sulfoxide), model group (4 μg/mL rapamycin), and three origins American ginseng treatment groups with different concentrations (Shandong, Northeast, Canada, 4 μg/mL rapamycin +10, 25 and 50 μg/mL American ginseng saponin extract) 48 h after fertilization (48 hpf). After a certain period of incubation, the number of neutrophils in the tail of zebrafish, macrophage phagocytosis, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) content in the body were used as indexes, and the growth rate of neutrophils was calculated to investigate the immune-enhancing effect of American ginseng saponins. Results: When the dosage of American ginseng saponins was higher than 50 μg/mL, the mortality of Zbra-fish increased with the increase of the concentration and the time of administration; Compared with control group, in model group, the number of neutrophils in the tail of zebrafish was decreased significantly (P < 0.01), and the content of IFN-γ in the body was decreased significantly (P < 0.01); Compared with model group, in 10 μg/mL and 25 μg/mL American ginseng treatment group, the number of neutrophils in the tail of zebrafish was increased significantly (P < 0.01), the number of macrophages engulfing ink particles was increased significantly (P < 0.01), the content of IFN-γ in vivo was increased significantly (P < 0.01), and the growth rate of neutrophils was between 19.73% and 96.49%. Conclusion: The American ginseng saponins have a better effect on enhancing immunity.
ABSTRACT
Number of products claiming to enhance immunity function ranks first among all the approved health food products,and number of products whose formula contains Chinese medicine accounts for two thirds of all the products claiming to enhance immunity function. Chinese medicine allowed to be used in health food has a specified range,and the safety of raw materials is generally higher.The usage amount of raw materials shall not exceed the upper limit stipulated in the literature or regulations. The claim of enhancement of immunity function is put forward by western medicine based on modern pharmacology and nutriology. However,immunity is wide in scope and complex in mechanism. The health food that contains Chinese medicine plays an active effect in enhancement of immunity under the guidance of Chinese medicine theory in many ways such as immune organs,immune cells and immune molecules. In this article,the author first analyzed the current use of raw materials for health food,then summarized the approved health food claiming to enhance immunity function,and conducted statistical analysis on the enhancement of immunity for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)health food,use of raw materials,compatibility of raw materials,conducted in-depth analysis on health food formula,safety,health function,quality control and production process from the perspectives of technical review,supervision and management. Finally,some suggestions on registration and supervision of TCM health food claiming to enhance immunity function were put forward from the perspectives of problems found in the supervision and from the demand of TCM health food in the future.
Subject(s)
Humans , Food , Reference Standards , Immune System , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Quality ControlABSTRACT
Sijunzi Decoction (SJZD) is a classical prescription for curing spleen deficiency in traditional Chinese medicine, consisting of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Atractylodes Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Poria, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparate cum Melle. Modern pharmacological experiments have proved that sponin, flavonoid, and polysaccharide are the most active ingredients in SJZD. SJZD has been used to regulate gastrointestinal function and enhance immunity ability. Effects on tumor cell apoptosis and anti-aging have also been reported. But few report on SJZD polysaccharide and its therapeutic basis research was found. This review is to give a comprehensive summary of information regarding the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of SJZD to help us take the action for reasonable clinical utilization and further researches of SJZD.