ABSTRACT
Twenty-eight native plants mainly used to cure diseases related to microbial infection and stress oxidative disorders were selected to test the antimicrobial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. subtilis, and C. albicans using diffusion and microdilution methods. The antioxidant activity was determined by scavenging DPPH free-radical and phytochemical evaluation was performed for plants with promising activities. Twenty-seven plants showed antibacterial activity, four had anti-Candida activity, and four showed antioxidant activity. It was found that Oreocallis grandiflora, Gentianella weberbaueri, Gamochaeta americana, Hypericum laricifolium, Loricaria ferruginea, Muehlenbeckia volcanica, and Oenothera multicaulis, showed promising biological activity and contained alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, catecholic or gallic tannins. This study leaves evidence about the medicinal potential of wild high-Andean plants; thus, further pharmacological, phytochemical, ecological and biotechnological studies will contribute to promote their conservation and sustainable use; especially since they are highly vulnerable and risk extinction.
Se seleccionoÌ veintiocho plantas nativas usadas principalmente para tratarcurar enfermedades relacionadas principalmente con infecciones microbianas y desordenes oxidativos. A estas plantas se para ser evaluoÌados en su actividad antimicrobiana sobre E. coli, P. auriginosa, S. aureus, B. subtilis, y C. albicans usando meÌtodos de difusioÌn y microdilucioÌn. Se determinoÌ la actividad antioxidante mediante el ensayo del libre radical DPPH y se realizoÌ la evaluacioÌn fitoquiÌmica de las plantas con actividades promisorias. Veinte siete plantas mostraron actividad antibacteriana, cuatro mostraron actividad anti-Candida, y cuatro actividad antioxidante. Oreocallis grandiflora, Gentianella weberbaueri, Gamochaeta americana, Hypericum laricifolium, Loricaria ferruginea, Muehlenbeckia volcanica, y Oenothera multicaulis mostraron actividad bioloÌgica promisoria, y se encontroÌ que contienen alcaloides, compuestos fenoÌlicos, flavonoides, taninos gaÌlicos y catecoÌlicos. Este estudio deja evidencia del potencial medicinal de las plantas silvestres alto andinas; por lo tanto, los estudios farmacoloÌgicos, fitoquiÌmicos, ecoloÌgicos y biotecnoloÌgicos contribuiriÌan en la promocioÌn de su conservacioÌn y uso sustentable debido a su alta vulnerabilidad y riesgo de extincioÌn.