Alta prevalência de Balantidium coli em crianças de uma Escola Municipal de Moreira Sales - Pr / High prevalence of balantidium coli in children of a Municipal School in Moreira Sales - Pr

As doenças causadas por parasitos intestinais estão entre os mais frequentes agravos do mundo, pois é um problema de saúde pública que atinge a maioria da população. O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a prevalência de parasitos em crianças de 4 a 6 anos de uma escola municipal de Moreira Sales, PR. A pesquisa foi composta por inquérito parasitológico e epidemiológico em crianças matriculadas em uma escola municipal em julho de 2017. O critério para inclusão no estudo foi: coletar a amostra de fezes, responder o questionário socioepidemiológico e ter o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE) assinado pelos pais e/ou responsáveis. Participaram do estudo 42 crianças com idades entre 4 e 6 anos, das quais 66,7% eram meninas. Dos participantes, dez crianças (23,8%) apresentaram infecção por Balantidium coli, sendo que destas, duas apresentaram infecção mista por Entamoeba coli. Foi observado que a maioria dos infectados possuíam animais de estimação (60%), roíam unhas (60%), consumiam hortaliças (80%) e todas as crianças brincavam na terra, sendo esses alguns fatores de risco para a infecção. Diante dos resultados apresentados, é possível perceber que existem vários fatores que podem estar associados à infecção por Balantidium coli, sendo os principais: falta de saneamento básico e os hábitos de higiene inadequado. Portanto, fatores importantes para se promover a conscientização e ação profilática da população, com o intuito de minimizar as parasitoses, principalmente nas crianças.

Diseases caused by intestinal parasites are among the most frequent ones in the world, since it is a public health issue affecting most of the population. The purpose of this study was to verify the prevalence of parasites in children aged 4 to 6 years at a school in the municipality of Moreira Sales, in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The study was comprised by the parasitological and epidemiological investigation in children enrolled in a school in the city in July 2017. The criteria for inclusion in the study was to collect the stool sample, answer the socio-epidemiological questionnaire and sign a Free and Clarified Consent Form. A total of 42 children took part in this study, with ages ranging between 4 and 6 years, of which 66.7% were female. From the participants, ten children (23.8%) presented infection by Balantidium coli, and among which, two of them presented mixed infection by Entamoeba coli. It was observed that most of the infected children had pets (60%), bit their nails (60%), consumed vegetables (80%) and all children played on dirt, which are some of the risk factors for infection. Considering the results, it is possible to observe that there are several factors that can be associated to infection by Balantidium coli, among which: basic sanitation and hygiene habits. Therefore, raising awareness and presenting prophylactic action to the population is essential in order to minimize intestinal parasitosis, especially in children.

Prevalence of Intestinal Protozoans among Schoolchildren in Suburban Areas near Yangon, Myanmar

Although intestinal protozoans are common etiologies of diarrhea, few studies have been conducted in Myanmar. This study planned to investigate the prevalence of Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba histolytica, and Endolimax nana among schoolchildren and their guardians in suburban areas near Yangon, Myanmar. We performed a cross-sectional survey among schoolchildren and their guardians from 7 primary schools in South Dagon and Hlaing Thar Yar districts, Yangon, Myanmar. Stool samples were observed with a microscope after concentration technique and iodine staining. Total 821 stool samples, including 556 from schoolchildren and 265 from guardians, were examined. The median age was 6 years old for schoolchildren and 36 years old for guardians. A 53.1% of the school children and 14.6 % of the guardians were males. The overall prevalence of each intestinal protozoan species was as follows: 3.4% (28/821) for G. lamblia; 3.5% (29/821) for E. coli; 1.2% (10/821) for E. histoytica, and 3.0% for E. nana. This study showed that intestinal protozoans are common in primary schoolchildren and their guardians in suburban areas near Yangon, Myanmar. Health interventions, such as hand washing education, improvement of sanitation, and establishment of water purification systems are urgently needed in this area.

Parasitosis intestinal en pacientes tratados con corticoides

Se presenta el reporte del examen coproparasitológico de 23 pacientes de con enfermedades reumatológicas y tratamiento inmunosupresor del Servicio de Reumatología del Hospital de Clínicas (Asunción, Paraguay) en el año 2013. Se detectaron 16 pacientes parasitados, siendo en orden de frecuencia: Entamoeba coli (41%), Giardia lambia (23%), Strongyloides stercoralis (14%), el resto 1 caso de Hymenolepis nana y Ascaris lumbricoides.

The report of the coproparisotologic exam of 23 patients, with rheumatic diseases and receiving immunosuppresive therapy from the Rheumatology Service of the Hospital de Clínicas (Asunción, Paraguay) in 2013, is presented. Sixteen patients with parasites were detected with this frequency order: Entamoeba coli (41%), Giardia lambia (23%), Strongyloides stercoralis (14%). The remaining was 1 case of Hymenolepis nana and Ascaris lumbricoides.

Relación "Saneamiento Básico y Prevalencia de Entero parásitos" en estudiantes del Colegio German Busch, La Paz - 2013 / "Basic sanitation an prevalence of Intestinal-parasites diseases" in students from German Busch from La Paz - 2013

Las infecciones parasitarias intestinales son enfermedades que afectan a una gran parte de la población infantil en los países más subdesarrollados y en vías de desarrollo y en muchos casos se convierte en una causa de muerte. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer un paralelo entre las condiciones sanitarias aportadas por la Comunidad Minera Bolsa Negra - La Paz - Bolivia y la presencia de enteroparasitos en niños entre 07 y 12 años de la referida comunidad. Se aplicó en este proyecto un método de estudio observacional descriptivo, a través del estudio de casos y controles. En cuanto a los resultados, mediante el análisis de materia fecal de los niños parte del universo de la investigación, donde encontró diferentes formas evolutivas de parásitos intestinales, con 100% de prevalencia para los géneros Blastocystis hominis, Giardia lamblia y Entamoeba coli. También se analizó el grado de conocimiento por parte de las madres de los niños que participaron en la investigación que indica un mal conocimiento general en lo que respecta a servicios de saneamiento básico y la higiene personal. También se presentaron las formas y medidas para la prevención de enfermedades relacionadas con los parásitos intestinales encontrados.

Intestinal parasitic infections are diseases that affect a large proportion of the child population in the underdeveloped and developing countries and in many cases become a cause of death.The aim of this study was to establish a parallel between the health conditions contributed by Mining Community Bolsa Negra - La Paz - Bolivia and the presence of intestinal parasites in children between 07 and 12 years of that community. It was applied in this project descriptive method and observational study, meaning through case study and control. As a result, by analyzing stool of children of the world of research, where it was found different forms of intestinal parasites with 100 % prevalence for gender Blastocystis hominis, Entamoeba coli and Giardia lamblia. The level of knowledge was also analyzed by the mothers of the children who participated in the research indicating poor general knowledge with regard to basic sanitation and personal hygiene. It was found the methods and measures for the prevention of related diseases associated with intestinal parasites.

Evaluation of the possible role of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) as mechanical vectors of nematodes and protists

Nematodes and protists can be transmitted to humans in many ways and little concern has been given to the mechanical transmission by ants. This study aimed at analysing how the eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides and cysts of Entamoeba coli could be mechanically transmitted to the man by Formicidae. Through the experiments using nests of Tapinoma melanocephalum, Linepithema humile and Monomorium pharaonis reared in the laboratory allied to observations of some 17 ant species in an urban park area in Mogi das Cruzes (SP), it was found that L. humile was capable of carrying eggs of A. lumbricoides both in the field and laboratory conditions (1 worker), as well as was Camponotus rufipes (2), Solenopsis saevissima (1) and Acromyrmex niger (1). The cysts of Escherichia coli were found over three workers of C. rufipes. Although the frequency of the workers found transporting pathogens was low, the capacity of common household species in carrying pathogens like nematodes and protists was demonstrated.

Os Nematoda e Protista podem ser transmitidos ao homem de diversas maneiras, mas pouca ênfase é dada para a transmissão mecânica por intermédio de formigas. Assim, esse trabalho procurou investigar a transmissão mecânica de ovos de Ascaris lumbricoides e cistos de Entamoeba coli pelos Formicidae. Através de experimentos com espécies mantidas em ninhos no laboratório (Tapinoma melanocephalum, Linepithema humile e Monomorium pharaonis) e com 17 espécies de formigas de uma área antropizada na região de Mogi as Cruzes (SP), foi possível constar que os ovos A. lumbricoides foram transportados por L. humile, tanto no campo (1 operária) como no laboratório (1 operária), por Camponotus rufipes (2), por Solenopsis saevissima (1) e por Acromyrmrex niger (1). Em três operárias de C. rufipes foram encontrados cistos de E. coli. Apesar da baixa incidência de transporte, as três primeiras espécies pelo fato de viverem muito próximas ao ser humano, podem levar para dentro do ambiente domiciliar patógenos de Nematoda e Protista.

Intestinal protozoan infections and echinococcosis in the inhabitants of Dornod and Selenge, Mongolia(2003)

The status of intestinal parasitic infections and seroprevalence of cystic echinococcosis in the inhabitants in Dornod and Selenge, Mongolia, was observed with stool and serum samples from 165 and 683 residents from August 9 to August 15, 2003. A total of 10 inhabitants (6.1%) were found to be infected with protozoan cysts or oocysts by stool examinations; 7, 1 and 2 cases with Entamoeba coli, Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum, respectively. A total of 62 people (9.1%) revealed significantly high levels of specific antibodies against Echinococcus granulosus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The surveyed areas are rural areas and the sanitized tab water is not available. There is a possibility of endemic transmission of water-borne protozoan diseases in these areas. The clinical echinococcosis is needed to be searched from the seropositive inhabitants.