ABSTRACT
Enterovirus infections are common virus infections during the neonatal period.Different from older children, neonatal enterovirus infections are often more severe, with clinical manifestations indistinguishable from bacterial sepsis, and can be complicated by necrotizing hepatitis, meningitis and myocarditis, with rapid progression and high mortality.Early intravenous immunoglobulin treatment might contribute to reducing the mortality of neonatal severe enterovirus infection and the morbidity of complications.Further research is needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of new antiviral drugs for neonatal enterovirus infections.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the spatial-temporal distribution of enterovirus infection in Macao Special Administrative Region,China,from 2011 to 2016.Methods The incidence data of cnterovirus infections in child care settings and primary schools in Macao during this period,which were confirmed by the Health Bureau,were used for the spatial-temporal analysis.Bernoulli model was used as probability model.Software SPSS 20.0 was used for descriptive statistics of the study cases,and software SaTScan 9.4.4 was used for spatial and temporal scanning.Finally,software Google Earth was used for visualization of geographical information.Results A total of 330 enterovirus infection events were reported in Macao from 2011 to 2016.The infection event number was highest in 2014 (101,30.6％),the infections mainly occurred during May to June.A case clustering area with a radius of 0.7 km (high rates) was observed in northeast of Macao from 2011 to 2013 (log likelihood rate=13.4,P＜0.001,RR=1.4).Conclusion The annual prevention of enterovirus infection and related health education should be started in February and March in Macao,and the key area is the northeast of Macao island.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the spatial-temporal distribution of enterovirus infection in Macao Special Administrative Region,China,from 2011 to 2016.Methods The incidence data of cnterovirus infections in child care settings and primary schools in Macao during this period,which were confirmed by the Health Bureau,were used for the spatial-temporal analysis.Bernoulli model was used as probability model.Software SPSS 20.0 was used for descriptive statistics of the study cases,and software SaTScan 9.4.4 was used for spatial and temporal scanning.Finally,software Google Earth was used for visualization of geographical information.Results A total of 330 enterovirus infection events were reported in Macao from 2011 to 2016.The infection event number was highest in 2014 (101,30.6％),the infections mainly occurred during May to June.A case clustering area with a radius of 0.7 km (high rates) was observed in northeast of Macao from 2011 to 2013 (log likelihood rate=13.4,P＜0.001,RR=1.4).Conclusion The annual prevention of enterovirus infection and related health education should be started in February and March in Macao,and the key area is the northeast of Macao island.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>Enterovirus infections in childhood can be associated with significant neurological morbidity. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and range of neurological manifestations, determine the clinical characteristics and assess differences in clinical outcomes for Singaporean children diagnosed with enterovirus infections.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this single-centre, case-control study, clinical data was collected retrospectively from patients admitted to National University Hospital, Singapore, from August 2007 to October 2011 and diagnosed with enterovirus infection, based on the enterovirus polymerase chain reaction test, or cultures from throat and rectal swabs or cerebrospinal fluid samples. The occurrence of neurological manifestations was reviewed and clinical outcomes were assessed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 48 patients (age range: six days-17.8 years) were included in the study. Neurological manifestations were seen in 75.0% of patients, 63.9% of whom presented with aseptic meningitis. Other neurological manifestations included encephalitis, acute cerebellitis, transverse myelitis and autonomic dysfunction. The incidence of neurological manifestations was significantly higher in patients aged > 1 year as compared to younger patients (p = 0.043). In patients without neurological manifestations, a significantly higher proportion presented with hand, foot and mouth disease and poor feeding. Long-term neurological sequelae were seen in 16.7% of patients with neurological manifestations.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A wide spectrum of neurological manifestations resulting in a relatively low incidence of long-term neurological sequelae was observed in our study of Singaporean children with enterovirus infections. As some of these neurological morbidities were severe, careful evaluation of children with neurological involvement is therefore necessary.</p>
ABSTRACT
The pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes is complicated.The infection of enterovirus is closely related to this disease as one of the environmental factors.After susceptible individuals are infected by enterovirus,beta cells in pancreas islets are damaged in two ways,direct infection and autoimmune responses,then leading to the decrease of insulin secretion,clinical diabetes,finally resulting in functional failure of pancreatic islet.
ABSTRACT
Foi pesquisada infecção intestinal causada por enterovírus em 97 recém-nascidos internados em enfermaria de Hospital Geral Universitário, São Paulo, . Brasil. Essas crianças foram acompanhadas por meio de coleta semanal de amostras de fezes, obtidas por meio de "swab" retal, desde a internação até a alta hospitalar ou óbito. A mediana dos períodos de internação foi 24 dias. O grupo estudado pertencia a segmento da população de baixo nível sócio-econômico. Dos 97 recém-nascidos acompanhados, 47 (48,5%) apresentaram-se infectados por enterovírus em algum momento da internação. O poliovírus 1 foi o mais freqüentemente isolado, 79,6% dos vírus identificados. Em dois casos, o primeiro isolamento do agente ocorreu nos três primeiros dias de vida. Dos que eliminavam enterovírus pelas fezes, 65,9% e 25,5% o fizeram por períodos não inferiores a, respectivamente, duas e três semanas. São discutidos os possíveis fatores determinantes dessa infecção tão precoce, assim como as prováveis formas pelas quais esses vírus foram introduzidos no ambiente hospitalar (AU)