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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE：To study the improvement effect of Periplaneta americana extract Ento-A on damp-heat ulcerative colitis（UC）model rats. METHODS：Totally 70 rats were randomly divided into normal control group（n＝8）and modeling group （n＝62）. The damp-heat UC model was induced in modeling group by high sugar，high fat，spicy diet combined with 2，4， 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid enema. 48 modelrats were randomly divided into model control group，mesalazine group （300 mg/kg），Changyanning group（300 mg/kg）and Ento-A low-dose，medium-dose and high-dose（50，100，200 mg/kg，calculated by the extract），with 8 rats in each group. Normal control group and model control group were given normal saline intrsgastrically，and other groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically，once a day，for consecutive 14 days. After last administration， disease activity index （DAI）， colonic mucosal injury index （CMDI） and histopathological score （HS）of rats were determined. The spleen index，liver index and colon index in rats were determined. The serum levels of IL-8，IL-17，SOD and MDA，colonic levels of IL-2，PGE2 and MPO were detected by ELISA. RESULTS：Compared with normal control group，the DAI score，CMDI score，HS score，colonic index，the serum levels of IL-8，IL-17 and MDA， colonic levels of MPO and PGE2 were increased significantly（P＜0.01）；serum level of SOD and colonic level of IL-2 were decreased significantly （P＜0.01）. Compared with model control group，DAI score，CMDI score，serum levels of IL-17 and MDA，colonic levels of PGE2 were decreased significantly in Ento-A high-dose groups（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），while serum level of SOD and colonic level of IL-2 were increased significantly（P＜0.01）. CMDI score and HS score，serum levels of IL-8，IL-17 and MDA，colonic levels of PGE2 and MPO were decreased significantly in Ento-A medium-dose group（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， while colonic level of IL-2 was increased significantly（P＜0.01）. HS score，serum levels of IL-17 and MDA，colonic levels of MPO and PGE2 were decreased significantly in Ento-A low-dose group（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），while serum level of IL-2 was increased significantly（P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS：P. americana extract Ento-A may play improvement effect on damp-heat UC rats by regulating immune system balance and reducing inflammatory damage.
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Objective To study the analgesic, activating blood and resolving stasis effect of Ento-II plastic. Methods Hot plate procedure and torsion body method were used as analgesic experimental model to observe the analgesic effect of Ento-II plastic. The acute blood stasis rats experimental model was established through rat subcutaneous injection of high-dose adrenaline hydrochloride and soaked in ice water. Then, the blood stasis focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion models were established by suture method on the rats. The hemorrheologic indicators were determined. Results Compared with control group, Ento-II plastic could significantly prolong pain thresholds in mice at 30, 60, and 90 min after final administration (P < 0.01). Ento-II plastics 20, 10, and 5 mg/kg dose groups could reduce aceticacid-induced mice writhing times and prolong the incubation period (P < 0.01). The experimental result of rats blood stasis focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion at 24 h after reperfusion showed that Ento-II plastics 6.67, 3.33, and 1.67 mg/kg dose groups could obviously reduce the neurological function score and whole blood viscosity (P < 0.01). 3.33 mg/kg dose group could significantly reduce plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation index, and casson viscosity (P < 0.05). The effect were similar to that of ligustrazine. 6.67 and 3.33 mg/kg dose groups could significantly reduce casson viscosity (P < 0.01). Conclusion Ento-II plastic has obvious analgesic effect and activating blood and resolving stasis effect.
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Objective To investigate the effects of Ento-I plastic on anoxia and myocardial ischemia. Methods The effect of Ento-I plastic on anoxia in mice was evaluated by testing mice’s anti-anoxia time under ordinary pressure, mice’s gasp time and the number of mouth breathing under ischemia-anoxia, and mice’s survival time after sodium nitrite poisoning. Animals were divided into normal saline(NS)group, matrix group, aspirin(ASP)group and Ento-I plastic(9.125, 18.25 and 37.5 mg/kg)groups. The effect of Ento-oon myocardial ischemia in mice was preliminarily evaluated using the animal model of acute myocardial ischemia induced by the subcutaneous injection of isoprenaline(the animals were divided into NS group, matrix group, compound danshen dropping pill(DSP)group and Ento-I plastic(5, 10 and 20 mg/kg)groups. In these experiments, NS group, ASP group and DSP group were administered intragastrically, while the matrix group and Ento-I plastic groups were administered by daubing on both sides of the temple. Results There was no significant difference in all indexes between the NS group and the matrix group in all four experiments. Compared with NS, the middle dosage of Ento-I plastic(18.25 mg/kg)could obviously prolong the anoxia tolerance time to (50.87±11.90)min under ordinary pressure, survival time to(14.15±4.61)min after sodium nitrite poisoning and the gasp time to (27.90±4.79)s after decapitation, with the statistically significant difference(P<0.01). In anti-myocardial ischemia experiment, both the myocardial superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content were significantly decreased in the high dosage Ento-I(20 mg/kg)and DSP groups than in the NS group(P<0.01). The pathological examination of the ischemic of myocardium itself showed that Ento-I plastic could significantly reduce ischemic myocardial injury and enhance the anti-ischemic effect of myocardium itself. Conclusion The Ento-I plastic could obviously strengthen the anti-anoxic and anti-ischemic ability of mice.
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The important chemical and food properties conferred to P. angulata make it necessary to conduct studies in seed conservation. This study evaluated the effect of priming of P. angulata seed for varying periods and storage conditions. Lots of seeds were stored in a refrigerator and in ambient conditions for up to 24 months. Some of these seeds were primed before or after storage. The results show that there was variation in moisture content. The germination rate and germination rate index remained high in ambient conditions when primed up to 24 months.
As importantes propriedades alimentícias e químicas atribuídas a P. angulata fazem dela uma espécie de grande valor para estudos de conservação de sementes. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito do pré-condicionamento osmótico de sementes de P. angulata submetidas a diferentes condições e períodos de armazenamento. Lotes de sementes foram armazenados em condições de ambiente e refrigerador até 24 meses. Parte dessas sementes foram osmocondicionadas antes ou após o armazenamento. Os resultados apresentados mostram que houve variação no teor de umidade. As sementes mantiveram taxas de germinação e índice de velocidade de germinação elevadas em ambiente quando osmocondicionadas até 24 meses.
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Germination , Longevity , Physalis , Osmosis , Seeds/growth & developmentABSTRACT
El presente trabajo pretende caracterizar algunos aspectos contextuales previos y posteriores a la apertura del primer centro de enseñanza de terapia ocupacional en la Argentina, la Escuela Nacional de Terapia Ocupacional en el periodo histórico que va desde 1946 a 1965.Este artículo fue escrito a partir de nuestra actividad como becarias en el marco de un proyecto de investigación dirigido por Lic. TO Mariela Nabergoi y conformado por un equipo de docentes investigadores del Instituto de las Ciencias de Rehabilitación y el Movimiento de la Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Para cumplir con el objetivo propuesto realizamos un análisis de fuentes secundarias que describan el contexto político económico social, educativo y sanitario en Argentina durante el periodo estudiado y que traten el tema del surgimiento de terapia ocupacional en la Argentina. Al reflexionar sobre los factores contextuales que permitieron el surgimiento de la TO en el país, podemos afirmar que la epidemia de poliomielitis de 1956 fue, tal como señala buena parte de la bibliografía relevada sobre la historia de TO en nuestro país, una situación desencadenante de la necesidad socio-sanitaria de formar recursos humanos para atender las secuelas de la enfermedad. No obstante, remarcamos la importancia de evitar concebir a la epidemia en términos de causa-efecto con respecto a la creación de la formación profesional en TO, debido a que no puede ser aislada de los contextos político-económico, social, educativo y sanitario.
This paper aims to characterize some contextual aspects before and after the opening of the first educational institution for occupational therapy in Argentina, the National School of Occupational Therapy in the historical period that runs from 1946-1965.This article was written based on our work as scholars in the framework of a research project led by Mariela Nabergoi and comprised by a team of teacher researchers from the Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences and the Movement of The National University of San Martín. To meet the proposed objective we performed an analysis of secondary sources which describe the political-economic, social, educational and health contexts in Argentina during the period studied and which address the issue of the emergence of occupational therapy in Argentina. Reflecting on the contextual factors that allowed the emergence of OT in the country, we can state that the polio epidemic of 1956 was, as pointed out in much of the literature on the history of OT relieved in our country, a situation triggering the need for social care to form human resources to attend to the effects of the disease. However, we emphasize the importance of avoiding conceiving the epidemic in terms of cause and effect with respect to the creation of vocational training in OT, because it cannot be isolated from the broader political-economic, social, educational and health contexts.