Radiological Study of Epiphyseal Fusion Process at Lower End Of Femur In Age Group of 12-20 Years.

Introduction: Age estimation in living as well as dead is a prerequisite for personal identification and it is increasingly important in criminal and civil matters. The growth of the human skeleton is of major importance for the aging process as the appearance of ossification centers and union of epiphysis relate to a fairly definite sequence and time table that makes skeletal maturity a reliable age indicator according to sex and ethnical differences1,2,3,.This present work is carried out to study the epiphyseal fusion of lower end of femur bone in relation to age, sex, physical development, and nutritional status. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Forensic medicine & Toxicology and Department of Radiology at B.J. Medical College & Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad during the year 2010-2012 on 160 subjects, 80 males and 80 femalesfrom the age-group of 12-20 years. Results: The epiphyseal fusion in both male and female at lower end of femur starts by the age of 13-14 years and complete by 17-18 years in male and 16-17 years in females.It is not found any effect of the dietary habit, height, and weight on the timing of epiphyseal fusion of lower end of femur. Conclusion: From our study we may conclude that the epiphyseal fusion in both male and female at lower end of femur starts by the same age and completes earlier in females than males.There is no effect of diet, height, and weight on epiphyseal fusion of lower end of femur.

Age determination from pelvis A radiological study in Mumbai region.

The bones of human skeletons develop from separate ossification centers. From these centers ossification progresses till the bone is completely formed. These changes can be studied by means of X-rays and these changes are age related. It is therefore possible to determine the approximate age of an individual by radiological examination of bones till ossification is complete. This radiological study was carried out with the objective to assess the general skeletal maturity around crest of ilium and ischial tuberosity, of subjects in Mumbai region. 99 males between age group of 9-25 years and 76 females between age group of 3-23 years attending the outpatient department of this hospital were selected. Age confirmed from history and noting the birth dates from driving license, passport, rations card or voter’s card. The cases were selected after ruling out the nutritional, developmental, and endocrinal abnormality which affects the skeletal growth. Data analysis was done in P4 computer using HPSS software. At the end conclusions were drawn which are compared with available results of various previous studies

Age Determination from Clavicle A Radiological Study in Mumbai Region.

The bones of human skeletons develop from separate ossification centres. From these centers ossification progresses till the bone is completely formed. These changes can be studied by means of X-rays and these changes are age related. It is therefore possible to determine the approximate age of an individual by radiological examination of bones till ossification is complete. This radiological study was carried out with the objective to assess the general skeletal maturity around Medial end of clavicle, of subjects in Mumbai region. 131 males between age group of 9-25 years and 68 females between age group of 3-23 years attending the outpatient department of this hospital were selected. Age confirmed from history and noting the birth dates from driving license, passport, rations card or voter‘s card. The cases were selected after ruling out the nutritional, developmental, and endocrinal abnormality which affects the skeletal growth. Data analysis was done in P4 computer using HPSS software. At the end conclusions were drawn which are compared with available results of various previous studies.

Epiphyseal fusion at lower end of radius and ulna valuable tool for age determination.

Age estimation is an important task and valuable tool to assist in many civil and criminal procedures, especially in developing countries like India where illiterate population is not aware of the importance of registration of births or the record of registration may not be properly maintained. Physical methods for age estimation are not accurate and eruption of teeth (except third molar) is complete by the age of 16 years. Epiphyseal fusion of long bones is relatively constant in timings and important for age estimation in such cases up to the age of 22 years. This present prospective study is carried out at Forensic Medicine Department of B. J. Medical College, Ahmedabad during the year 2009-10 on 104 subjects of either sex with known age from 15-21 years. It was noticed that the epiphyseal fusion at lower end of radius and ulna processes and progresses bilaterally symmetrical, begins at the age of 16-18 years and completes by the end of 20 year. It was further noticed union at lower end of ulna occurs in advance of radius and females show union in advance of male subjects.

Estimation of age from epiphyseal fusion in iliac crest.

Scientific estimation of age of an individual whether living, recently dead person, disintegrated and decomposed dead bodies, skeletal remains or incomplete skeleton or fragmentary remains is a vexing problem for medical jurist, in both civil and criminal cases and is an important part of examination in medico-legal practices. A large number of researchers have studied this process, hoping to understand its origin, evolution and consequences as well as to try to combat it. In the present study 100 individuals are studied between the age group of 16 to 25 years in male and female separately i.e. 50 males and 50 females, whose X- ray examination is done at Rajindra Hospital; Patiala, Punjab. The study is undertaken to know the time of fusion of epiphyses of iliac crest. In this study, every individual’s X-ray pelvis AP view is taken to know fusion of iliac crest epiphyses. SAA

Age estimation from medial end of clavicle by x- ray examination.

Fixing up of the individuality of a person, no matter if it is new born baby in the hospital or in criminal cases and in civil cases like marriage, inheritance of property, passport, insurance claims, disputed sex and missing persons etc. has got its own importance. In the present study 100 individuals are studied between the age group of 16 to 25 years in male and female (separately), whose X- ray examination is done at Rajindra Hospital ; Patiala, Punjab. Male and female individuals were studied with age interval of two years and ten cases from each age interval were taken. The study is undertaken to know the fusion of medial end of clavicle to know the fusion of epiphysis. In this study, every individual’s X-ray chest AP view is taken to know fusion of epiphysis at medial end of clavicle.