Fothergill and Carnett signs and rectus sheath hematoma / Journal of Rural Medicine

Fothergill and Carnett signs are used to distinguish intrabdominal from abdominal wall diseases. These bedside techniques may be useful in distinguishing intrabdominal from an abdominal wall cause of disease. Timely and accurate diagnosis of rectus sheath hematoma in at risk patients in the appropriate clinical setting is important because of the associated morbidity and mortality associated with this condition. Diagnosis requires an accurate and thorough history and bedside physical examination and performance of these maneuvers as originally described.

¿Algunos epónimos y topónimos como coincidencias terminológicas? / ¿Some eponyms and toponyms as terminological coincidences?

Los epónimos y los topónimos se han utilizado desde hace siglos en la anatomía para nombrar muchas estructuras corporales, pero curiosamente algunos de estos nombres también figuran en la literatura no morfológica, por lo que se plantea si se trata de meras coincidencias terminológicas. Se analizó el origen etimológico de los términos céfalo, tórax, ilión, meninge, nervios y pedio, que aparecen en la literatura no morfológica desde antes de nuestra era y se comparó con el significado que se les da en la terminología anatómica. Algunos términos usados en la anatomía aparentemente no son considerados como epónimos o topónimos, sin embargo, varios personajes históricos y ciertos lugares geográficos tienen coincidencialmente esos mismos nombres. Por tanto, se plantea la posibilidad que tales términos hayan pasado inadvertidos y que realmente hacen parte de la eponimia morfológica. Por lo tanto, los términos céfalo, tórax, ilión, meninge, nervios y pedio son epónimos y topónimos poco conocidos, aunque cabe la posibilidad que sean simples coincidencias terminológicas.

Eponyms and toponyms have been used in anatomy for centuries, to name many body structures, but interestingly some of these names also appear in the nonmorphological literature, so it is being considered if they are only terminological coincidences. The etymological origin of the terms cephalus, thorax, ilium, meninx, nerves and pedius, which appear in the non-morphological literature of before our era, was analyzed and compared with the meaning given in anatomical terminology. Some terms used in anatomy apparently are not considered as eponyms or place names, however, several historical figures and certain geographic locations coincidentally bear those same names. Therefore, the possibility arises that such terms have gone unnoticed and that they are really part of the morphological eponyms and toponyms. Therefore, the terms cephalo,thorax, ilium, meninge, nerves and pedius are eponyms and little-known toponyms, although it is possible that they are simple terminological coincidences.

Eponimia y apuntes históricos en hernias de la pared abdominal / Eponyms and historical note in abdominal wall hernias

Se menciona la clasificación de las hernias de pared abdominal: a) inguino femorales, b) anteriores: epigástricas, umbilicales y de Spiegel, c) pélvicas: obturatriz, perineal y ciática, y d) posteriores o lumbares: del triángulo superior e inferior. Aparece el concepto de epónimo y eponimia para referirnos a las hernias que llevan el nombre propio del científico que las descubrió. Se realizó una revisión de la temática a estudiar junto a sus epónimos. La búsqueda se hizomediante las bases de datos PubMed, Scielo y Medline. Se complementó mediante los buscadores Google, Yahoo y Wikipedia; además, en bibliotecas de instituciones y personales. Los resultados se analizaron críticamente antes de redactar el manuscrito. Se mencionan 31 hernias con sus epónimos, hay otras tres donde no se logra la suficiente evidencia para este fin. Se insistió también en la importancia de conocer anatomía y disección, con vistas a mejorar los resultados en este campo(AU)

The classification for the abdominal wall hernias are mentioned and divided into the categories a) inguinal-femoral, b) anterior: epigastric, umbilical and of Spiegel, c) pelvic: obturator, perineal and sciatica, d) posterior or lumbar: of the superior and inferior triangle. The concept of eponym and eponym's coinage is presented to refer to the hernias with a proper name. A topic review is carried out, together with the eponyms related; the search is performed in the databases PubMed, Scielo andMedline, which is supplemented by means of the search engine Google, Yahoo and Wikipedia, in institutions and personal libraries. The results are critically analyzed before writing the manuscript. 31hernias are mentioned with their eponyms, there are other three for which the enough evidence is not achieved for such an end. The importance is emphasized of knowing about anatomy and dissection with a view to improving the results in this field(AU)

Lo básico, lo clínico y lo histórico para el trabajo educativo con los epónimos médicos / The basic, the clinical and the historic for the educational work with medical eponyms

Introducción: el vínculo básico clínica amplía la visión para adquirir habilidades mediadoras de los procesos lógicos del pensamiento que conducirán desde los conocimientos básicos al diagnóstico clínico. El trabajo educativo desarrollado a partir del diseño de las asignaturas debe incorporar elementos de la historia de la medicina con un acento interdisciplinar como fuente de inspiración para el mejoramiento humano de estudiantes y profesores y como un método para alcanzar el perfil ético humanista del modelo del profesional al que se aspira. Objetivos: relacionar las ciencias básicas con la clínica a través de las personalidades que dieron origen a epónimos médicos, exponiendo su utilidad para el trabajo educativo curricular. Desarrollo: el potencial educativo de cada asignatura determina las actividades pedagógicas que vincularán en la clase los conocimientos básicos con la práctica clínica desde la historia de su descubrimiento, las personalidades involucradas, su biografía y las consecuencias para las ciencias médicas y la humanidad en general. La vida y la obra de Camilo Golgi, Paul Langerhans, Wilhem His y Hans Adolf Krebs, entre otros ejemplos es una fuente de inspiración para la formación de valores en los estudiantes de medicina y punto de unión entre lo básico y lo clínico en la práctica médica. Conclusiones: la obra de personalidades que dieron origen a epónimos utilizados en ciencias básicas permite relacionar estas con la aplicación clínica de los conocimientos por ellos descubiertos, sirviendo además de modelos para el trabajo educativo desde lo curricular por su dedicación a la profesión y las extraordinarias circunstancias de sus vidas(AU)

Introduction: The association between the basic and the clinical aspects broadens the vision in order to acquire mediating skills in the logical processes of thought that will lead from basic knowledge to clinical diagnosis. The educational work developed upon the design of the subjects must include elements of history of medicine with an interdisciplinary focus as a source of inspiration for the human improvement of students and teachers and as a method to achieve the humanist- ethical profile of the professional model that is the aspiration. Objectives: To relate the basic sciences with the clinical aspect through the personalities that gave rise to medical eponyms, exposing their usefulness for curricular educational work. Development: The educational potential of each subject determines the pedagogical activities which, in the class, shall link the basic knowledge with the clinical practice upon the history of its discovery, the personalities involved, its biography, and the consequences for the medical sciences and the humanity in general. The life and work of Camilo Golgi, Paul Langerhans, Wilhem His and Hans Adolf Krebs, among other examples, are sources of inspiration for the formation of values in medical students and a crossing point between the basic and the clinical in the medical practice. Conclusions: The work of personalities that gave rise to eponyms used in basic sciences makes it possible to relate these to the clinical application of the knowledge discovered by them, also serving as models for educational work upon the curriculum, for their dedication to the profession and the extraordinary circumstances of their lives(AU)

Scientific people named in the classification of vasculitis / Nomes de cientistas usados na classificação das vasculites

Abstract The first International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference was held in 1994. There have been suggestions about the nomenclature of systemic vasculitis. Important categories were added to the classification of vasculitis, and many changes were made for disease names in the second Chapel Hill Consensus Conference 2012, which were not included in the Chapel Hill Consensus Conference 1994. The new nomenclature was introduced instead of being referred to by many names such as Churg-Strauss and Wegener"s. New categories such as Behçet"s and Cogan etc. were also added. These people are honored by the classification. They contribute to science through their case studies, scientific articles, and observations. This article reviews only eponyms present in the current classification of vasculitis. The aim of this paper is to give information about scientists mentioned in the classification of vasculitis.

Resumo A primeira International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference (CHHC) ocorreu em 1994. Fizeram-se sugestões sobre a nomenclatura das vasculites sistêmicas. Na segunda CHHC, 2012, adicionaram-se importantes categorias à classificação da vasculite e fizeram-se várias mudanças em nomes de doenças que não estavam incluídas na CHCC 1994. Introduziu-se uma nova nomenclatura em vez de se usarem nomes como Churg-Strauss e Wegener. Também foram adicionadas novas categorias, como de Behçet e Cogan etc. Essas pessoas são homenageadas pela classificação. Elas contribuíram para a ciência com seus estudos de caso, artigos científicos e observações. Este artigo analisa apenas epônimos presentes na classificação atual das vasculites. O objetivo é prestar informações sobre os cientistas mencionados na classificação das vasculites.

Prevalencia del uso de epónimos en publicaciones y ponencias del 18th Congress of International Federation of Associations of Anatomists 2014 / Eponyms prevalence in publications and presentations at the 18th Congress of International Federation of Associations of Anatomists 2014

La Terminologia Anatomica se usa internacionalmente como referente de los términos propios de la morfología, en la que no se utilizan epónimos, pues no hacen referencia a ningún detalle anatómico ni funcional relevante, pero sí traen a la memoria los nombres de personas, complejizando el aprendizaje y la comunicación. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar la prevalencia de epónimos usados durante la realización del 18th Congress of International Federation of Associations of Anatomists, realizado en Beijing -China- en el año 2014. Se analizaron aleatoriamente cinco presentaciones orales y las trescientas presentaciones formales en la modalidad de poster durante el congreso, buscando el uso de epónimos. Aunque hubo un porcentaje muy bajo de utilización de epónimos durante el 18th Congress of International Federation of Associations of Anatomists, no se justifica que el comité científico de dicho evento haya aceptado tales trabajos. Quizá esto podría considerarse como un obstáculo a la función que cumple la Federal International Committee on Anatomical Terminology.

The Anatomical terminology is used internationally as a reference of the specific terms of morphology, in which no eponyms are used, because they make no reference to any relevant anatomical or functional detail, but it does bring to mind the names of people, making the learning and communication more difficult. The aim of this work was to study the prevalence of eponyms used during the 18th Congress of International Federation of Associations of Anatomists, held in Beijing in 2014. -China-: five oral presentations were analyzed randomly and the three hundred formal presentations in the poster modality during the congress, seeking the use of eponyms. Although there was a very low percentage of use of eponyms during 18th Congress of International Federation of Associations of Anatomists, is not justified that the scientific committee of the event has accepted such works. Perhaps this could be seen as an obstacle to the role of the Federal International Committee on Anatomical Terminology.

Misnomers in dermatology: Time to change and update.

Most of the misnomers encountered in dermatology have arisen from lack of understanding of the underlying etiopathogenesis, histopathology and/or concepts. Some misnomers are due to imprecise translations from word of origin, etymological bungles and/or factual errors. It is very important for the residents and practitioners of dermatology to update and change the old misnomers with relevant names to avoid confusion and misunderstanding. In this article, we have listed all the misnomers in dermatology and suggested the appropriate names as indicated.