ABSTRACT
INTRODUÇÃO: Galactorreia e formação de galactocele após mamoplastia de aumento é uma complicação descrita na literatura, porém a causa permanece desconhecida. MÉTODOS: Apresentamos um caso de uma paciente de 28 anos que foi submetida à cirurgia de mamoplastia de aumento via sulco inframamário, com implante colocado no plano subfascial, que evoluiu, no 7º dia pós-operatório, com galactorreia exteriorizada pela incisão, e propomos um algoritmo para diagnóstico e tratamento de galactorreia após mamoplastias. RESULTADOS: A complicação foi tratada com o uso de agente supressor da lactação, a cabergolina, apresentando boa evolução. CONCLUSÃO: Galactorreia é uma complicação incomum após mamoplastias de aumento, que deve ser sempre lembrada em casos de drenagem de secreção pela incisão por tratar-se de um diagnóstico diferencial com infecção.
INTRODUCTION: Galactorrhea and galactocele formation after breast augmentation are complications reported in the literature, but the cause remains unknown. METHODS: We present a case of a 28-year-old patient who underwent breast augmentation surgery via the inframammary fold with an implant placed in the subfascial plane, which developed galactorrhea from the incision on the seventh postoperative day, and we propose an algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of galactorrhea after mammoplasties. RESULTS: The complication was treated with the use of a lactation suppressor, cabergoline, presenting good outcomes. CONCLUSION: Galactorrhea is an uncommon complication after augmentation mammoplasties, which should always be considered in cases of secretions from an incision because it is a differential diagnosis for infections.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , History, 21st Century , Postoperative Complications , Suction , Lactation , Mammaplasty , Breast Implantation , Ergolines , Cabergoline , Galactorrhea , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Suction/methods , Mammaplasty/adverse effects , Mammaplasty/methods , Breast Implantation/methods , Ergolines/therapeutic use , Cabergoline/therapeutic use , Galactorrhea/surgeryABSTRACT
Objective To systematically review the efficacy and safety of nicergoline on chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency (CCVI).Methods Databases including the Cochrane Library,PubMed,CNKI,VIP and WanFang Date were electronically searched for relevant randomized controlled trails (RCTs) which studied the effectiveness and safety of Nicergoline on chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency.Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted data,and assessed the methodological quality.Metaanalysis was performed by using RevMan 5.2 software.Results Totally 9 studies involving 1 030 patients were included.The meta-analysis results showed that,compared with conventional treatment alone,the Nicergoline group was superior in improving the velocity of middle cerebral artery(MCA) in both systolic(MD=16.43,95％CI:10.39-22.46) and the late diastolic (MD=11.48,95％CI:5.34-17.63).Besides,Nicergoline significantly improved the pulse index (PI) of MCA (MD=-0.37,95％CI:-0.48--0.26).Likewise,it obviously improved the velocity in both systolic (MD=11.23,95％CI:6.10-16.35),the late diastolic (MD=8.80,95％CI:5.20-12.40) and the PI of vertebral artery (VA) (MD=-0.38,95％CI:-0.47--0.28).The remission rate of the nicergolinegroup was higher than that of the control group (OR=3.93,95％ CI:2.66-5.81).Drug-related adverse reactions were not reported in included studies.Conclusions Nicergoline shows a certain efficacy on CCVI without obvious adverse reactions.
ABSTRACT
Prolactinomas are frequent causes of gonadal dysfunction and infertility. Dopamine agonists are the main treatment of prolactinoma and the excellent efficacy of the dopamine agonist is well known. Current challenges related to the treatment of prolactinomas include the relationship of long term use of cabergoline and cardiac valvulopathy, the remission after discontinuation of dopamine agonists, the management of pregnant women with prolactinoma, and the role for surgery on long-term management of prolactioma. Herein, these current issues and questions in the management of prolactinomas, including safety of cabergoline, recurrence after discontinuance of dopamine agonist, pregnancy, and role of surgical resection are addressed.